SITE SELECTION FOR CORAL RESTORATION IN MAUNALUA BAY, OAHU ANITA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

SITE SELECTION FOR CORAL RESTORATION IN MAUNALUA BAY, OʻAHU

ANITA TSANG, CAMERON OGDEN-FUNG, AND VAIBHAVI DWIVEDI

Photo credit: Nate Forman 1

BACKGROUND

Photo credit: Matt Kieffer 2

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RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1) Evaluate site criteria 2) Identify ecologically suitable restoration sites for the

• utplanting of resilient corals

3) Prioritize sites across multiple socioeconomic objectives and

scenarios

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METHODOLOGY

SITE CRITERIA

Physical Factors

Water Depth (3-9 m) Water Temperature (23-29 °C) Salinity (32-42 ppm) Turbidity (<8.8 NTU) Sedimentation (<200 g/m²/day) Benthic Type (Hard bottom)

Biological Factors

Coral Cover (5-20%) Coral Health (Absent of disease) Invasive Algae (Absent)

Socioeconomic Factors

Distance from: Boat launch (<2 km) Dive site (<2 km) Coral nursery (<2 km) Pollutant sources (>1 km)

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Source: NOAA 6

BENTHIC HABITAT MAPS

Source: Salinity and turbidity data taken from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) technical reports; Bathymetry map provided by The School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) 7

SALINITY AND TURBIDITY MAP

Source: Temperature data retrieved from USGS technical report; Sewage discharge sites, dive sites, and pre-proposed restoration areas were estimated using Google Earth 8

TEMPERATURE MAP

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PROPOSED RESTORATION SITES

Site Criteria Sub-Criteria Sites

Wailupe Paiko Channel Ku‘i Alternate1 Alternate 2 Alternate 3 Physical Factors Water Depth (m) 3-6 3-8 3-6 0-3 3-8 3-9 3-8 Water Temperature (°C) n.d. 25.25 25.13 n.d. 25.36 25.22 n.d. Salinity (ppm) n.d. 35.04 35.12 n.d. 35.04 35.02 n.d. Sedimentation (g/m²/day) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. Turbidity (NTU) n.d. 0.54 n.d. n.d. 1.19 n.d. 0.46 Benthic Cover Turf (50-90%) Turf (50-90%), coralline algae (50-<90%), uncolonized Turf (50-90%), macroalgae (10- <50%), uncolonized Turf (50-<90%), coralline algae (10- <50%) Turf (50-90%), coralline algae (10-<50 %) Turf (50-90%) Turf (10-<90%) Benthic Type Pavement Sand (~50%), pavement with sand channel, aggregate reef Sand (~80%) and pavement Aggregate reef, pavement, rubble Pavement with sand channel Pavement Sand and pavement Biological Factors Coral Cover (%) <10 10-50 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Coral Health n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. Invasive Algae Absent Absent Absent Present Absent Absent Absent Socioeconomic Factors Distance from boat launch (km) 3.20 1.40 1.30 1.80 4.40 2.50 2.10 Distance from nearest dive site (km) 1.30 0.30 1.00 1.30 2.30 0.60 1.00 Distance from coral nursery (km) 2.00 0.00 1.40 1.80 3.10 1.10 1.70 Distance from pollutant sources (km) 0.67 1.02 0.78 0.93 0.67 0.85 1.50

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SITE-SPECIFIC CRITERIA

Scenarios Weights

Cost Value Educational Value Recreational Value Biophysical Value (1) Cost value is prioritized 0.42 0.17 0.08 0.33 (2) Biophysical value is prioritized 0.33 0.17 0.08 0.42 (3) Educational value is prioritized 0.17 0.42 0.08 0.33 (4) Recreational value is prioritized 0.17 0.08 0.42 0.33 (5) All objectives are valued equally 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

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OBJECTIVES & SCENARIOS

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RESULTS & CONCLUSION

13 Photo credit: Gates Coral Lab

Swing weights and SMART table can be adjusted as needed Update and fill in missing data for environmental parameters “Ground truth” proposed restoration sites

MOVING FORWARD

Collaborations Education Center Posters/ Pamphlets

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LONG-TERM FUTURE STRATEGIES

• Diving companies
• Duck tour operators
• SUP operators
• Public awareness
• Community workshops
• Fundraisers
• Featured videos
• Informative books
• Monthly talks

MAHALO!

Photo credit: Tim Kopra, NASA 15

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• 3594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.022

Moberg, F., & Folke, C. (1999). Ecological goods and services of coral reef ecosystems. Ecological Economics, 29(2), 215–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00009-9 Mustajoki, J., Hämäläinen, R. P., & Salo, A. (2005). Decision Support by Interval SMART/SWING—Incorporating Imprecision in the SMART and SWING Methods. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Life Sciences, Ocean Studies Board, & Committee on Interventions to Increase the Resilience of Coral Reefs. (2019). A Decision Framework for Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs. National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25424 Presto, M. K., Storlazzi, C. D., Logan, J. B., Reiss, T. E., & Rosenberger, K. J. (2012). Coastal Circulation and Potential Coral-larval Dispersal in Maunalua Bay, Oʻahu, Hawaii—Measurements

• f Waves, Currents, Temperature, and Salinity, June–September 2010. US Geological Survey Open-File Report, 2012, 1040.

Siregar, D., Arisandi, D., Usman, A., Irwan, D., & Rahim, R. (2017). Research of Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique for Decision Support. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 930,

• 012015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/930/1/012015

Storlazzi, C. D., Presto, K. M., Logan, J. B., & Field, M. E. (2010). Coastal circulation and sediment dynamics in Maunalua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. USGS Open-File Report, 1217, 2010. Tait, R. J., E. Guinther, and R. E. Brock. (1975). Preliminary Environmental Impact Studies on the Marine Environment at Maunalua Bay. Honolulu, HI: AECOS, Inc. Wolanski, E., Martinez, J. A., & Richmond, R. H. (2009). Quantifying the impact of watershed urbanization on a coral reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 84(2), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.06.029

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REFERENCES