SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning Josetxu - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning Josetxu - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning Josetxu Malanda 16th June 2012 Nonick 012, Bilbao SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning THE ANCESTORS OF THE ZX SPECTRUM SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

Josetxu Malanda 16th June 2012 Nonick 012, Bilbao

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

THE ANCESTORS OF THE ZX SPECTRUM

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The Sinclair ZX 80 Launch date: February 1980 CPU: NEC780-C @ 3,25Mhz (copy of a Zilog Z80A) ROM: 4 KB (including BASIC interpreter) RAM: 1 KB (upgradeable to 16 KB) Sound: none Resolution: 24x32, no color Price: 99,95 GBP (or 79,99 GBP in kit form) Units sold: 20.000 units by September 1980

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The Sinclair ZX 81 Launch date: March 1981 CPU: Zilog Z80A @ 3,25Mhz ROM: 8 KB (including BASIC interpreter) RAM: 1 KB (upgradeable to 16 KB) Sound: none Resolution: 24x32, no color Price: 69,95 GBP (or 49,99 GBP in kit form) Units sold: 300.000 units by January 1982

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The Sinclair ZX Spectrum Launch date: 23 April 1982 Codename: ZX82 Price: 125 GBP (16 KB) or 175 GBP (48K) Units sold: 8.000.000 units

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

THE ZX SPECTRUM TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The outside view

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The inside view

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The generic components

  • CPU: Zilog Z80A at 3,5 Mhz
  • Memory:
  • 16 KB ROM: Operative system and BASIC interpreter
  • 16 or 32 KB RAM
  • Sound: 1-bit loudspeaker
  • Connectors:
  • an expansion port for increased RAM, communication

devices, the ZX Printer, drives (such as the Sinclair Microdrive) or access directly to the Z80A microprocessor

  • 54-pin male edge connector
  • an RF output socket - standard TV aerial type
  • an earphone jack (used for reading programs from

cassette) - 3.5mm jack socket

  • a microphone jack (used for writing programs to cassette)
  • 3.5mm jack socket
  • a power supply socket - 9V DC @ 1.2A

And...

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The ULA chip

The ULA is the core of the ZX Spectrum. It performs the role of video generator, CPU clock generator, memory access governor, keyboard controller, cassette I/O and speaker controller.

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The video display

Video memory is shared with RAM memory Less than 7 KB needed: 6912 bytes = ((256 x 192) / 8) + 32 x 24 Pixel resolution: 256 x 192 pixels Color resolution: 32 x 24 (8 bytes high and 1 byte wide) Palette: 16 colors (8 different colors and their corresponding BRIGHT ones – well, Black is the same) Attribute clash

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

The expansion port

  • Joystick interfaces: Kempston, Sinclair...
  • Printers: ZX Printer...
  • Interface 2 Roms
  • Disk drives: Microdrives, Disciple, Divide...
  • Light pen
  • Modem
  • Spectranet: ZX Spectrum connected to internet!
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REMARKABLE GAMES FOR THE ZX SPECTRUM

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

Horizontes (Sinclair Research Ltd, 1982)

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The Hobbit (Melbourne House, 1982)

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Manic Miner (Bug-Byte Software Ltd, 1983)

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Deathchase (Micromega, 1983)

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La Pulga (Investrónica S.A., 1983)

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Knight Lore (Ultimate Play The Game, 1984)

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Hyper Sports (Imagine Software Ltd, 1985)

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Elite (Firebird Software Ltd, 1985)

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The Great Escape (Ocean Software Ltd, 1986)

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Cobra (Ocean Software Ltd, 1986)

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Head Over Heels (Ocean Software Ltd, 1987)

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SINCLAIR ZX SPECTRUM: 30 years of amusement and learning

La Abadía del Crimen (Opera Soft S.A., 1987)

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The Sentinel (Firebird Software Ltd, 1987)

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Driller (Incentive Software Ltd, 1987)

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Mad Mix Game (Topo Soft, 1988)

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Tetris (Mirrorsoft Ltd, 1988)

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Navy Moves (Dinamic Software, 1988)

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La Aventura Original (Aventuras AD S.A., 1989)

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Dan Dare III (Virgin Games Ltd, 1990)

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Shadow of the Beast (Gremlin Graphics Software Ltd, 1990)

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Street Fighter II (Go!, 1993)

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DEVELOPMENT TOOLS: How to develop for the ZX Spectrum

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A notebook

(preferably graph paper with 8x8 squares)

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A real ZX Spectrum

Built-in BASIC interpreter

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A real ZX Spectrum

3D Construction Kit, 3D Game Maker, Arcade Game Designer, Platform Game Designer, Shoot-Em-Up Designer

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A real ZX Spectrum

Compiled BASIC: HiSoft Basic Compiler, Mcoder, HiSoft Colt Compiler

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A real ZX Spectrum

Assembler: HiSoft DevPac (Gens & Mons)

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Personal computers

Emulators: Spectaculator, ZX Spin, FUSE

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Personal computers

Compiled BASIC: ZX Basic

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Personal computers

C: z88dk, SDCC

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Personal computers

Assembler: Pasmo, SjASMPlus...

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NEED MORE INFORMATION?

The World of Spectrum http://www.worldofspectrum.org Speccy.org forums

(for Spanish users)

http://www.speccy.org

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Josetxu Malanda 16th June 2012 Nonick 012, Bilbao