SHAPED CHARGE JET ATTACKS WHAT SHAPED CHARGE ? WHICH TEST SET-UP ? - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

2 0 1 2 I M&EMTS # 1 3 8 4 9 SHAPED CHARGE JET ATTACKS : WHAT S HAPED CHARGE? WHI CH TES T S ET-UP? 1

SHAPED CHARGE JET ATTACKS

WHAT SHAPED CHARGE ? WHICH TEST SET-UP ?

IMEMG's Expe rt Working Group on Ha za rd Asse ssm e nt & Cla ssifica tion

Presented by Yves GUENGANT w ww .im em g.org

2 0 1 2 I M&EMTS # 1 3 8 4 9 SHAPED CHARGE JET ATTACKS : WHAT S HAPED CHARGE? WHI CH TES T S ET-UP? 2

I NTRODUCTI ON

2 0 1 2 I M&EMTS # 1 3 8 4 9 SHAPED CHARGE JET ATTACKS : WHAT S HAPED CHARGE? WHI CH TES T S ET-UP? 3

I NTRODUCTI ON

• Europe a n Orga nisa tion a sse m bling twenty le a ding a rm a m e nt groups

working with Insensitive Munitions te chnologie s

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I NTRODUCTI ON

Expre ss the a rm a m e nt industry' vie wpoint with re ga rds to re le va nt tra nsna tiona l re gula tions a nd re quire m e nts. Ex pe rt Wo rkin g Gro u ps

• Com pute r Mode ls for IM Pe rform a nce,
• Cost & Bene fit Ana lysis,
• Fa st Cook-off Te st Proce dure,
• Effe cts of Age ing,
• Ha za rd Asse ssm e nt & Cla ssifica tion.

Hazard Asse ssm e nt & Classification Ex pe rt W orking Group to pre se nt this analysis

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CONTEXT

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CONTEXT 1 / 2 » STANAG 4526 (Ed2) "SHAPED CHARGE JET – MUNITIONS TEST PROCEDURE"

» n o t a re a l s ta n da rdize d re fe re n ce :

• not ra tifie d by a ll Na tions,
• 50 m m Rocke ye Sha ped Cha rge not re a dily a va ila ble ,
• Pe rform a nce not correctly de fine d for de te rm ina tion of a n e quiva le nt

Sha pe d Cha rge ,

• te st se t-up not cle a rly de fine d (conditioning pla te , ta rget nose, ...),
• e a ch test cente r to use own Sha ped Cha rge a nd te st procedure .

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• Re ce nt fe e dba ck from Afgha nista n a nd Ira q

» Th re a t Ha z a rd An a ly s is re v ie w : Sta nda rd Sha pe d Cha rge s design which would be re prese nta tive of num e rous RPG7 type s: – USA MIL-STD-2105(D) specifie s a sta nda rdise d LX-14 81m m Sha pe d Cha rge. – Fra n ce ha s de signe d CCEB 62, – Ge rm a n y is de ve loping PG-7 re plica ; » Pre s e n t a t io n t o in t ro d u ce in d u s t ria l e x p e rt s p o in t s -o f-v ie w t o t h e I M co m m un it y .

CONTEXT 2 / 2

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CURRENT S I TUATI ON

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CURRENT S I TUATI ON

• STANAG 4439 & AOP 39
• TEST PROCEDURE STANAG
• IMPLEMENTATION DIFFICULTIES
• FEED-BACK FROM FRANCE
• FEED-BACK FROM GERMANY
• FEED-BACK FROM UNITED KINGDOM
• COMPARISON OF IM SIGNATURES

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S TANAG 4 4 3 9 Ed3 & AOP 3 9 Ed3

• STANAG 4439

– Th re a t : Sha pe d Cha rge we a pon a tta ck Re quire m e nt: Ty pe I II , – Sha pe d Cha rge Je t, Munitions Test Proce dure S TANAG 4 5 2 6 Ed2 .

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S TANAG 4 4 3 9 Ed3 & AOP 3 9 Ed3

• AOP 39

– The Ba s e lin e Th re a t Ra n g e

» sha pe d cha rge ca libe r up to 85 m m dia m e te r (AOP39 ta ble 1).

– For the purpose of IM:

» sha pe d cha rge to be "bro a dly re pre s e n ta tiv e o f Ro cke t Pro pe lle d

Gre n a de s a n d to p a tta cks bo m ble ts " (AOP39 a nne x F) – Te s t co n d it io n s (AOP39 a nne x H):

» 50m m Rocke ye or e quiva le nt V2d cha rge, » Use of conditioning pla te not define d.

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TES T PROCEDURE S TANAG

• STANAG 4526 (Ed2)

SHAPED CHARGE JET – MUNITIONS TEST PROCEDURE

» de signe d for "determ ining the degree of reaction of a m unition when hit by typical top attack bom blet shaped charge jet"

» n o t ra tifie d by a ll NATO na tions » specifie d cha rge (50m m Rocke ye ) not re a dily a va ila ble in m a ny

countrie s, the refore n o t u s e d in IMEMG's Na tions

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TES T PROCEDURE S TANAG

• STANAG 4526 (Ed2)

SHAPED CHARGE JET – MUNITION TEST PROCEDURES (cont'd)

» test set-up n o t pre cis e ly de fin e d (pote ntia l use of conditioning pla te ) » in co n s is te n t va lu e s a bout 50m m Rocke ye (confirm e d during MSIAC

IM Technology Ga ps Workshop - June 2011) » pa pe r: "Rocket Propelled Grenade S haped Charge Initiation Test Configuration for IM Threat Testing" by Ernest L. Ba ke r a nd a l.

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I MPLEMENTATI ON DI FFI CULTI ES

• The V2d va lue s is the link be twe e n diffe re nt sha pe d cha rge s

– va rious sha pe d cha rge s a llowe d, if sa m e V2d – va lue s noted in STANAG 4526 Ta ble 1 (to com e ) m u ch to o h ig h by a t le a st a fa ctor of > 2

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I MPLEMENTATI ON DI FFI CULTI ES

• For e xa m ple RPG-7

– typica l m e a sure d va lues for the Sha pe d Cha rge Je t tip: V ~ 7 .5 m m / µ s a n d d ~ 3 m m g iv e s a V2d v a lue o f ~ 1 7 0 m m 3/ µ s 2 – diffe re n t fro m 430 m m 3/ µ s 2 a s note d in the ta ble (i.e . 430/ 170 = 2.5 too la rge )

» i.e . a fa ctor of 430/ 170 = 2.5 too la rge .

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I MPLEMENTATI ON DI FFI CULTI ES

• As V2d is the link be twe e n diffe re nt sha pe d cha rge s

» ve ry im porta nt to de fin e e x a ctly how V a nd d should be m e a sured a s

be low;

» Both num be rs V a nd d a re n o t co n s ta n t bu t v a ria bly ove r the

Sha pe d Cha rge Je t le ngth;

» the s ca tte rin g within the m e a sure m e nts should be ta ke n into a ccount.

S h a pe d Ch a rg e

S h a pe d Ch a rg e Je t Fo rm a tio n

S CJ Tip Ve lo city: v j0 [ m m / µ s ] S CJ Dia m e te r : d [ m m ]

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FEED-BACK FRANCE

• Fre nch te st ce nte rs to use diffe re nt Sha pe d Cha rge s :

– MILAN K115, MILAN 2, ACL 89 (m m ), PG-7, CCEB 62 (m m ),... – Te st conditions va ry: ta rge t nose, sta nd-off, conditioning pla te ...

ACL 8 9 w ith ta rg e t n o s e 4 5 m m Bo m ble t CCEB 6 2 w ith co n ditio n in g pla te RPG-7 RPG-7

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FEED-BACK GERMANY

• Som e Sha pe d Cha rge s :

– DM1244 (44 m m dia m e te r) – PG-7 re plica (75 m m )

Bo m ble t Ca libe r 4 4 m m PG-7 Re plica Ca libe r 7 5 m m

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FEED-BACK UK

• Sha pe d Cha rge s use d :

– IBL 755 (50 m m dia m e te r), – MLRS Bom ble t : M42 (34 m m dia m e te r), – Sta nda rd DERA Fort Ha lste a d K4 (63.5 m m dia m e te r).

• EMTAP te st m e thod de fine K4 Sha pe d Cha rge :

– Conditioning pla te ca n be use d.

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FEED-BACK UK

• The SCJ te st is only ca rrie d out

» when re quire d by Thre a t Ha za rd Asse ssm e nt

• f

the re le va nt e nvironm e nts for the m unition, » Howe ve r fre quently use d for a sse ssing the IM response for La rge Ca libre Gun Prope lla nt Cha rges, » Va lidity conside re d by IMAP (IM Asse ssm e nt Pa ne l), IMAP a lso re vie w the te sting conducte d.

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COMPARI S ON OF I M S I GNATURES

• Difficult to unde rsta nd when liste d in a ta ble with colors-code d boxe s

(AOP39 Ed3)

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COMPARI S ON OF I M S I GNATURES

• Difficult to unde rsta nd when liste d in a ta ble with colors-code d boxe s

(AOP39 Ed3)

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COMPARI S ON OF I M S I GNATURES

• Conditioning pla te ofte n use to :
• a djust V2d va lue a ccording to spe cific Thre a t Ha za rd Ana lysis,
• a void the re a r slug effe ct discre pa ncie s.

» a m unition to pa ss the STANAG 4526 but which is the re a l s tim u lus ?

• In-se rvice Sha pe d Cha rge a re e quippe d with ta rge t nose

» i.e . for RPG7, ta rget nose ca n re du ce s ig n ifica n tly the V2d with the

"sa m e " cha rge

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COMPARI S ON OF I M S I GNATURES

• Main param e te rs to be know n

– S h a pe d Cha rg e s » Dia m e te r from 45 m m to 120 m m , » In-se rvice cha rge : with or without ta rge t nose , » High pe rform a nce (ta pe re d & fa st) je t / / / un-optim ize d a nd che a p seria l cha rge, – Co n ditio n in g pla te us e – S ta n d-o ff v a lue – Bre a k-up tim e – Pe ne tra tio n ca pa bility

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FUTURE CHANGES

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FUTURE CHANGES COMMENTS …

• NEW TRENDS IN THREAT DEFINITION
• FRANCE
• GERMANY
• USA

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NEW TRENDS I N THREAT DEFI NI TI ON

• Re ce nt fe e dba ck from Afgha nista n a nd Ira q le d to a Thre a t

Ha za rd Ana lysis re vie w

» RPG-7 is now the sole conside re d Sha pe d Cha rge Threa t, RPG7-V has

be e n m e a sure d a t 141 m m 3/ µ s 2

»

Due to la ck of RPG-7 re lia bility a cross va rious m a nufa cturers, it is ne cessa ry to de ve lop RPG-7 surroga te ,

…/ …

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NEW TRENDS I N THREAT DEFI NI TI ON

• Re ce nt fe e dba ck from Afgha nista n a nd Ira q le d to a Thre a t

Ha za rd Ana lysis re vie w

»

Ma ny na tions a re de signing the ir own RPG-7 surroga te a nd/ or Sta nda rdise d Sha pe d Cha rge USA : LX-14 81m m Sha pe d Cha rge (MIL-STD-2105(D) re quire m e nt) Fra n ce : CCEB 62 Ge rm a n y : 75 m m Sha pe d Cha rge "PG-7 Ge rm a n re plica "

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FRANCE

• CCEB 62 » the Fre nch Sta nda rdize d Sha pe d Cha rge for IM

Signa ture a sse ssm e nt

• MoD Instruction N°211893/ DEF/ DGA/ INSP/ IPE Ju ly 2 1 , 2 0 1 1
• S TANAG 4 5 2 6 im ple m e n te d with CCEB62
• Te s t Pro ce du re de fine d in Fre nch Sta nda rd: NF T70-511
• CCEB62 pe rform a nce s cha ra cte ristics (i.e . V2d) a re a va ila ble
• Conditioning m ild ste e l pla te s ca n be use d
• Critica l V2d de te rm ina tion: detona tion/ no detona tion for PBXs

cha ra cteriza tion

• Adjust V2d to specifie d va lue (custom e r re quire m e nts)

V2d (mm3/µs2) 203 103 93 82.5 72 62 41.5 52 31 21 Steel Plate thickness (mm) 20 25 40 60 80 110 150 200 280

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FRANCE

• CCEB 62 : Exa m ple of Fre e Je t X-Ra y picture s (a t two succe ssive

tim e s)

• Note stra ightness dia m e te r

CCEB6 2 m a n u fe ctu re d by NEXTER Mun itio n s

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GERMANY

• PG-7 re plica would be com e Ge rm a n sta nda rd
• PG-7 re plica (75 m m ) m a nufa cture d by Dyna m it Nobe l.

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US A

• LX-14 81m m a ppe a rs a s US Sta nda rd Sha pe d Cha rge
• MIL-STD-2105(D) re quire m e n t
• Cha rge de sign a nd pe rform a nces a re a va ila ble (E. L. Ba ke r's Pa pe r)
• Te sts se e m to be a lw a y s ca rrie d o u t with a 4" a lum inum conditioning

block, in tha t situa tion

» the V2d = 141 m m 3/ µ

s 2,

» tole ra nce a bout this va lue n o t g iv e n

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US A

• LX-14 81m m a ppe a rs a s US Sta nda rd Sha pe d Cha rge (cont'd)
• the LX14 e xplosive cha rge cha ra cteristics a re not precise ly de fine d:

»

no re a l g u a ra n te e tha t va rious LX14 ba tche s m a nufa cture d by diffe re nt produce rs will ha ve the sa m e pe rform a nce

» re a l pe rform a nce would be checke d

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

• Co n ce rn e d by the la ck of consistency in va rious test proce dure s.
• Difficu lt to com pa re m unitions responses to Sha pe d Cha rge Je t

a tta ck.

• NATO sta nda rds s h o u ld be a g re e d a nd pra ctica ble with

re producibility by a ll m e m be r countrie s.

• IMEMG e xpe rts intend to s uppo rt current ha rm oniza tion e fforts

a nd wish to highlight the fa ct tha t ne xt STANAG 4526 should list a ve ry lim ite d n um be r o f a ppro ve d Sha pe d Cha rge s types a nd te st se t-up to e a ch na tion.

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

• Sha pe d cha rge je t ha rm oniza tion ha s re a lly be gun, e ven if

cha rge s a re diffe rent for e a ch na tion:

• LX-14 81 m m , CCEB 62, PG-7 Re plica
• with V2d tha t could be close d to 141 m m 3/ µ

s 2

• Ea ch Sha ped Cha rge refe rre d to should ha ve a n a v a ila ble a n d

co m pre he n s iv e te chn ica l da ta pa ck.

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

B U T …

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

• V2d is n o t the sole pa ra m e te r for m unition re sponse :

sa m e stim ulus of V2d ca n outcom e Type I a nd Type V on the sa m e te ste d ite m

» future sta nda rd STANAG Sha ped Cha rge s s h o u ld no t v a ry too m uch

in ca libe r,

• V2d le ve l tole ra nce would be spe cifie d

» tha t m e a ns + / - 10 % or + / - 14 m m 3/ µ

s 2 (for the sta nda rd va lue 141 m m 3/ µ s 2)

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I MEMG CONCERNS & COMMENTS

• V2d stim ulus of 141 m m 3/ µ

s 2 would be m uch too high:

» m ost cha rge s (including insensitive PBX) would de tona te ,

• n ly fe w EI S w o u ld s u rv ive (Extre m e ly Insensitive Substa nce in

a ccorda nce with UN HD 1.6).

» STANAG to de fine diffe re n t s tim u li a ccording to Life Cycle a nd

Thre a t Ha za rd Assessm e nt If standard procedure is defined w ith the stim ulus: V2d is 141 m m 3/ µs 2 then, alternative procedure could consider stim ulus around 60 to 70 m m 3/ µs 2.

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• CEA – DAM

Fra nk DAVID-QUILLOT

• EURENCO

Yve s GUENGANT

• MBDA-F

Miche l VIVES

• NEXTER Munitions

Jé rôm e SOMAINI

• ROXEL

Ra ym ond COLENO

• TDA Arm e m e nts

Ca role FOURNIER

Au th o rs

• MBDA TDW

Dr We rne r ARNOLD

• RHEINMETALL WM Gm bH

Dr Ge rha rd HUBRICHT

• RWM Ita lia SpA

Ma ssim o CASTIGLIA

• AWE Plc.

He le n FLOWER

• BAE Syste m s GCSM

Cha rle s MARSHALL

• CHEMRING ENERGETICS

John HAND

• MBDA-UK

Se a n RANDALL

FRANCE UK GERMANY ITALY