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Service Section Service Section Technical Training Technical Training December 2004 December 2004 Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Compressor Scroll Compressor Characteristics Characteristics Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Introduction To Scroll Compressor Introduction To Scroll Compressor Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Design Scroll Design • First scroll patent was issued on 3 rd October 1905. • First production of Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training scroll in 1980’s. Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Sets Scroll Sets Comprised Of Two Scroll Elements Fixed Scroll Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Orbiting Scroll Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

How The Scroll Compressor Works How The Scroll Compressor Works 1. Suction gas enters gap 2. Orbiting Scroll motion between Scroll flanks. seals off gas, forming a pocket. Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training 3. Continuous orbiting 4. Discharge pressure reached motion moves gas toward at centre port. centre of Scroll. Pocket becomes smaller & gas is compressed. Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Provides Continuous Compression Scroll Provides Continuous Compression All pockets balanced on centre All pockets balanced on centre Gas In Gas Pressure Low (Suction) pressure High (Discharge) pressure Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Gas In Centre Discharge Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Features Of Scroll Compressor Features Of Scroll Compressor Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Model Number Scroll Model Number ZR (D) 61 K C (E) - TFD - XXX Bill of Material Electrical Family Lubricant Generation Blank : Mineral Oil Capacity Multiplier E : Ester Oil L : Less Oil K x 1000 Base Capacity M x 10000 Modulation Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Blank: Fixed Speed D : Digital R Air Conditioning T : Even Tandem U : Uneven Tandem B Base Refrigeration Unit S : Two Step S Medium Temp V : Variable Speed F Low Temp Z Tandem P High Pressure (R-410A) Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Outline of Scroll Compressor Outline of Scroll Compressor Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Application Envelope Application Envelope Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Radial Compliance Radial Compliance Normal Operation Abnormal Operation Flank-to-flank contact Debris Radial Compliance Provides Advanced Protection Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training • Orbiting scroll is free to slide radially under adverse pressure • Separation of scroll flanks allows debris & liquid to pass through without damage Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Axial Compliance Axial Compliance Floating Seal Precision bleed hole in fixed scroll equalises pressure under floating seal with intermediate cavity pressure Floating Seal Slight • Features vertical – Optimised tip loading movement – Balanced pressure Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training • Benefits – Less wear than tip seals – Higher efficiency Patented by Copeland Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Advantages of Full Compliance Advantages of Full Compliance • High Efficiency – Scrolls wear in rather than out • Performance improvement over time – Less variability • Durability / Reliability Enhancement – Better liquid handling – Better debris handling Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training • Low Sound Level – Smooth spectrum and good sound quality • Unloaded Start Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Start - Stop Operation Of Scrolls Start - Stop Operation Of Scrolls • Immediately after shutdown, there is still a pressure differential between high side (Discharge) and low side (Suction). • The high pressure discharge gas will spin the orbiting scroll in reverse until the pressures are equalized. • A discharge check valve limits the high pressure gas to be equalised to the amount in the top cap of the compressor. Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training • This equalization occurs very rapidly. There is no need for a time delay. • Equalization allows the compressor to restart unloaded, eliminating the need for a start capacitor. Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • Internal Motor Protector: Line Break – Quick response to both temperature & current Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • Internal Motor Protector: Line Break Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • Internal Motor Protector Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Made By Both Kriwan And Carel Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • Internal Motor Protector – Discharge temperature sensor Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training • Located at the hottest point of the compressor. Protects against: – Loss of charge – Blocked suction • Cannot protect the compressor if module is by-passed Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • Internal Motor Protector – Wiring diagram Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective Devices Internal Protective Devices • High Scroll Temperature: Therm-O-Disc (Bi-Metal) – High discharge temperature protection located internally (opens at 290°F) Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective ve Devices Devices Internal Protecti • Internal Pressure Relief (IPR) Valve – Prevents high discharge pressure – Opens between 375 - 450 psi differential Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Internal Protective ve Devices Devices Internal Protecti • Deep Vacuum Protection – Floating seal provides protection against deep vacuum – Compressor will stop pumping (unload) when compression ratio exceeds 10:1 Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Oil Type Oil Type • Conventional White Oil (Sontex 200 LT) Is Used In Copeland Compliant Scroll Compressor • White Oil Is Compatible With 3GS • May Use 3GS Oil When Adding Oil In the Field Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Scroll Against Reciprocating Scroll Against Reciprocating Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics

Reciprocating Compressor Operation Reciprocating Compressor Operation Divider in the head separates high pressure (Discharge) L H vapour & low pressure Suction reed (Suction) vapour opens on down stroke Discharge reed opens on up stroke Piston Technical Training Technical Training Technical Training Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics Scroll Compressor Characteristics