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Segmentation: Promoting 2020 Census self-response Laura Kail, PSB - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mindsets and Segmentation: Promoting 2020 Census self-response Laura Kail, PSB Gina Walejko, U.S. Census Bureau Brian Kriz, PSB Robert Kulzick, PSB Shawnna Mullenax, PSB Hubert Shang, PSB July 12, 2019 The views and opinions expressed in this


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SLIDE 1

Mindsets and Segmentation:

Promoting 2020 Census self-response

Laura Kail, PSB

July 12, 2019

Gina Walejko, U.S. Census Bureau Brian Kriz, PSB Robert Kulzick, PSB Shawnna Mullenax, PSB Hubert Shang, PSB

2020 CBAMS PUMS DRB#: CBDRB-FY18-422 2020 ICC Modeled Scores DRB#: CBDRB-FY18-311 The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Census Bureau.

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SLIDE 2

Introduction

2

  • Segmentation is frequently used to differentiate potential buyers of products
  • r services
  • Profiles of customers are often created to help with ad campaigns and

creative message development

  • In this case, every person in the United States is the customer, and the

product is the 2020 Census

  • Mindsets and segmentation will help communication experts tailor

advertisements and messaging strategies to have the greatest possible impact

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SLIDE 3

Goals

3

  • Cluster individuals into cohesive

groups (i.e. mindsets) with similar attitudes toward and knowledge about the 2020 Census

  • Have mindset groupings that

are distinct from each other

  • Cluster tracts into cohesive

groups (i.e. segments) with similar self-response and demographics

  • Have tract segments that are

distinct from each other MINDSETS TRACT SEGMENTS MINDSETS TRACT SEGMENTS

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SLIDE 4

Input Data Sources

4

MINDSETS TRACT SEGMENTS

  • Responses to 50+ non-

demographic questions from the 2020 CBAMS

  • Modeled scores predicting
  • verall self-response rates and

the proportion of self-response that will be online

  • 33 tract-level demographic

characteristics from Census Bureau sources (2010 Census and 2016 ACS)

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SLIDE 5

Mindsets and Segmentation Process

5

  • 1. Select inputs
  • 2. Reduce inputs to a smaller number of factors using Principal Component

Analysis (PCA)

  • 3. Group individuals/tracts into 14 candidate solutions
  • 4. Narrow candidates to 3 solutions each
  • 5. Communication experts select a final mindset and final segment solution
  • 6. Name the mindsets/segments and develop descriptive profiles of each
  • 7. Use the mindsets/segments to inform the communication campaign
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SLIDE 6

Selection Criteria

6

MINDSETS TRACT SEGMENTS

  • Differentiation on stated intent to

participate in the 2020 Census

  • Balanced distribution of mindset

sizes

  • Meaningful demographic

characteristics and attitudes toward and knowledge about the census

  • Differentiation on the predicted self-

response rates

  • Balanced distribution of segment

sizes

  • Meaningful demographic

characteristics, mindsets, and media consumption habits

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SLIDE 7

Mindset Descriptions

7

19% of U.S. Population

Eager Engagers

Intent to Respond 82%

  • Highest intent to respond.
  • Highest levels of civic engagement.
  • Highest knowledge about the census.

32% of U.S. Population

Fence Sitters

Intent to Respond 71%

  • Above-average intent to respond.
  • Highest percentage White.
  • Highest percentage male.

15% of U.S. Population

Confidentiality Minded

63% Intent to Respond

  • Most concerned answers will be used

against them.

  • Highest percentage foreign-born.
  • Slightly below average intent to

respond.

14% of U.S. Population

Wary Skeptics

Intent to Respond 59%

  • Lowest trust in government.
  • Highest apathy about the census.
  • High percentage of Black/African-

Americans.

10% of U.S. Population Disconnected Doubters

Intent to Respond 51%

  • Lowest intent to respond.
  • Lowest frequency of internet use.
  • Highest percentage of people ages

65 years and older.

Intent to Respond 60%

9% of U.S. Population

Head Nodders

  • Most likely to respond “Yes” to all

knowledge questions.

  • Above-average percentage of

foreign-born people.

  • Highest percentage of people ages

18 to 34.

Note: U.S. population percentages do not add to 100% due to rounding error.

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SLIDE 8

Mindset Profiles

8

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SLIDE 9

Tract Segment Descriptions

9

Note: U.S. population percentages do not add up to 100% due to tracts with no ACS mailout and, therefore, no tract segment assigned.

  • Low predicted rate of response, with the lowest

percentage of that response coming online.

  • Found in rural parts of the southeastern United

States, as well as concentrations in urban areas.

  • Low % college educated, low median household

incomes, below-average levels of internet access, and majority non-Hispanic African American.

Rural Delta and Urban Enclaves 43% 7%

Of the U.S. Population Predicted Self-Response

  • Low predicted rate of response, with a below-

average percentage of that response coming

  • nline.
  • Found in California’s Central Valley and parts of

New Mexico, Texas, Florida, as well as concentrations in urban areas.

  • High % foreign-born, low % college educated, and

majority Hispanic.

14% 45% Multicultural Mosaic

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • Below-average predicted rate of response, with

below-average internet response.

  • Found in rural areas predominantly in the western

United States, Appalachia, northern Maine, and Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.

  • High % owner-occupied housing and below-

average levels of internet access.

5% 49% Sparse Spaces

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • Below-average predicted rate of response, with a

high percentage of that response coming online.

  • Found in communities around college campuses or

military bases.

  • A majority 18-24, high % college educated, and

high % renter-occupied housing.

2% 56% Student and Military Communities

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • Slightly below-average predicted rate of response,

with a high percentage of that response coming

  • nline.
  • Found in densely populated metro centers.
  • High % college educated, above-average % foreign-

born, high % 25-44 compared to the nation as a whole, and high median household incomes.

59% 9% Downtown Dynamic

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • Slightly below-average predicted rate of response,

with a below-average percentage of that response coming online.

  • Found in rural areas predominantly in the eastern

United States, surrounding small towns and

  • utside the suburbs of major cities.
  • High % owner-occupied housing, low % college

educated, and below-average median household incomes.

60% 16% Country Roads

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • High predicted rate of response, with an average

percentage of that response coming online.

  • Found in small towns and less densely populated

areas surrounding urban centers.

  • Low diversity and a higher % 65 or older than the

national average.

67% 21% Main Street Middle

Predicted Self-Response Of the U.S. Population

  • High predicted rate of response, with a high

percentage of that response coming online.

  • Found in suburban neighborhoods of single-family

homes.

  • High % college educated, high % married, and high

median household incomes.

71% Responsive Suburbia

Predicted Self-Response

24%

Of the U.S. Population

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SLIDE 10

National View of Tract Segmentation

10

Responsive Suburbia Main Street Middle Country Roads Downtown Dynamic Student and Military Communities Sparse Spaces Multicultural Mosaic Rural Delta and Urban Enclaves No ACS Mailout

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SLIDE 11

Washington, D.C. View of Tract Segmentation

11

Main Street Middle Student and Military Communities Rural Delta and Urban Enclaves Responsive Suburbia Country Roads Downtown Dynamic Sparse Spaces Multicultural Mosaic No ACS Mailout

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SLIDE 12

Mindset Composition of Tract Segments

12

Note: Mindset percentages within some segments do not add up to 100% due to rounding.

Rural Delta and Urban Enclaves 17% 22% 11% 22% 13% 16%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Multicultural Mosaic 9% 20% 11% 33% 16% 11%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Sparse Spaces 11% 15% 6% 12% 37% 18%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Student and Military Communities 2% 11% 11% 8% 37% 32%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Downtown Dynamic 6% 13% 12% 17% 29% 23%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

15% 15% 7% 14% 33% 16%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Country Roads Main Street Middle 11% 14% 10% 14% 33% 18%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

5% 10% 9% 15% 40% 21%

Eager Engagers Fence Sitters Confidentiality Minded Head Nodders Wary Skeptics Disconnected Doubters

Responsive Suburbia

National Percentage Segment Percentage

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SLIDE 13

Tract Segment Profiles

13

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SLIDE 14

Applications

14

Mindsets and segmentation will be used to inform the communications campaign in the following ways:

Overall Strategy Messaging Partnerships

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SLIDE 15

Public Use

15

www.census.gov/roam

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SLIDE 16

Questions?

Laura Kail, PSB lkail@ps-b.com Gina Walejko, U.S. Census Bureau Brian Kriz, PSB Robert Kulzick, PSB Shawnna Mullenax, PSB Hubert Shang, PSB

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SLIDE 17

APPENDIX

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SLIDE 18

Creating Candidate Solutions

18

MINDSETS TRACT SEGMENTS

Inputs to PCA

  • Responses to 50+ non-demographic questions from

the 2020 CBAMS

PCA Output/ Clustering Input

  • 8 underlying factors

Clustering Methods

  • k-means
  • Hierarchical clustering using Ward’s method

Number of Mindsets

  • 3-9 mindsets

Inputs to PCA

  • Modeled scores predicting overall self-response rates

and the proportion of self-response that will be online

  • 33 tract-level demographic characteristics from

Census Bureau sources (2010 Census and 2016 ACS)

PCA Output/ Clustering Input

  • 7 underlying factors

Clustering Methods

  • k-means
  • Hierarchical clustering using Ward’s method

Number of Segments

  • 6-12 segments
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SLIDE 19

Mindsets Inputs: CBAMS Questions Sorted Into 8 Factors

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  • Voted in an election
  • Signed a petition
  • Posted political thoughts online
  • Volunteered
  • Wore button for a cause
  • Contacted a politician
  • Attended a community meeting
  • Participated in a protest
  • Donated money for social/political

activity Civic Participation (16% of variance) Importance of:

  • Day care for children
  • Job training programs
  • Public transportation
  • Schools and the education system
  • Showing you are proud of your

cultural heritage

  • Contributing to a better future for

your community

  • That civil rights laws are enforced
  • Information for local government to

plan for change in community Motivators 1 (16% of variance) Importance of:

  • Fire departments
  • Police departments
  • Hospitals and health care
  • Roads and highways
  • Fulfilling civic duty

Motivators 2 (13% of variance)

  • Familiarity with the census
  • Likelihood to fill out the census
  • Likelihood others will fill out the

census

  • Likelihood to encourage others to

fill out the census

  • Importance of determining

representatives in Congress

  • How much it matters to be

personally counted Perceptions of Census (15% of variance)

  • Frequency of internet use
  • Devices used to access the

internet

  • Internet usage at all
  • Preference for paper forms versus
  • nline forms

Internet Usage (12% of variance)

  • Trust of federal government
  • Trust of state government
  • Trust of local government

Trust (10% of variance) Knowledge about:

  • Deciding how much money

communities will get from the government

  • Determining representatives in

Congress

  • Determining property taxes
  • Policing people who break the

law

  • Locating people living in the

country without documentation

  • Determining the rate of

unemployment Knowledge of Census (8% of variance)

  • Concern that answers to the 2020

Census will not be kept confidential

  • Concern that answers to the 2020

Census will be shared with other government agencies

  • Concern that answers to the 2020

Census will be used against you Data Confidentiality Concern (10% of variance)

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SLIDE 20

Segmentation Inputs

20

Response Models

  • 2020 Predicted Self-Response

Score (PSRS)

  • Tract-level prediction of overall self-response

to the 2020 Census

  • 2020 Internet Proportion of

Self-Response (IPSR)

  • Tract-level prediction of the proportion of self-

response to the 2020 Census that is online

Other Inputs

  • Renter-occupied units
  • Ages 18 – 24
  • Female-headed

household

  • Non-Hispanic White
  • Ages 65+
  • Related child < 6
  • Male
  • Married households
  • Ages 25 – 44
  • Vacant units
  • College graduates
  • Median household

income

  • Ages 45 – 64
  • Household size
  • Moved in 2010 – 2015
  • Hispanic
  • Single-unit structures
  • Population density
  • Below Poverty
  • Different housing unit 1

year ago

  • Ages 5 – 17
  • Black/African-American
  • Single-person

Households

  • Non-high-school

graduate

  • Median house value
  • Crowded units
  • Linguistically-isolated

households

  • No phone service
  • Mobile Homes
  • Urban density
  • Any internet access
  • Non-mobile internet

access

  • Days until 50+%

response rate to the 2010 Census

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SLIDE 21

Segment Inputs: Sorted Into 7 Factors

21

  • 2020 – LRS
  • 2020 – IPSR
  • Female-headed household*
  • Married households
  • Vacant units*
  • College graduates
  • Median household income
  • Below poverty*
  • Not high school graduate*
  • Median house value
  • Any internet access
  • Non-mobile internet access

Factor 1

  • Renter-occupied units*
  • Married households
  • Household size
  • Ages 5 – 17
  • Single-person Households*

Factor 2

  • Renter-occupied units
  • Ages 18 – 24
  • Ages 65+*
  • Related child < 6
  • Ages 45 – 64*
  • Household size
  • Moved in 2010 – 2015
  • Different housing unit 1 year

ago Factor 4

  • Non-Hispanic White*
  • Household size
  • Hispanic
  • Population density
  • Not high school graduate
  • Crowded units
  • Linguistically-isolated

households Factor 3

  • Female-headed household
  • Non-Hispanic White*
  • Male*
  • Married households*
  • Population density
  • Black/African American
  • Mobile homes*
  • Urban density

Factor 5

  • Ages 65+*
  • Related child < 6
  • Ages 25 – 44

Factor 6

  • Days until 50+% response rate to

the 2010 Census No Factor

  • 2020 – LRS*
  • Non-Hispanic White*

Factor 7

*Indicates negatively loading variables

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SLIDE 22

Mapping Mindsets to Segments

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1. Assign each CBAMS respondent to a segment based on the tract in which they live. 2. Weight each CBAMS respondent to the segment population.

CBAMS Respondents

1 2

3 4

Segments Tract

12345 01010 99999 00001 98765

1

Race/Ethnicity Segment 1 Pop. Average

Hispanic 11% White, Non-Hispanic 70% Black, Non-Hispanic 7% Asian, Non-Hispanic 8% Other 3%

3. Calculate each mindset's weighted frequency within each segment.

CBAMS Segment 1

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SLIDE 23

Mapping Media Data to Segments

23

  • Provided MRI with the approximately 72,000 Census tracts along with corresponding

segments

  • MRI matched the Census tracts to the GfK MRI Doublebase 2018 study, where each

study respondent was coded with the appropriate mindset

  • Census tracts were assigned to each MRI respondent based on their address at the time
  • f study interview where MRI conducted field work
  • MRI integrated the Census data and segments associated with them
  • MRI ran crosstab reports for the 8 segments, providing demographic and media usage

information

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SLIDE 24

Media Usage Definitions

24

Newspaper Number of newspapers read in an average 28-day period developed from a weighted average of daily newspapers read in a week (weighted by 4) and the number of Sunday papers read in 4 weeks (weighted by 1), based on the number of issues of newspapers the respondent reported reading for each of the two periods. Magazine Number of reported magazines for which the respondent read the average issue, computed on a monthly basis. Out of Home Number of miles respondent has driven in town, city, or suburb as a driver or passenger in a car or truck in the past week. Radio Number of half hours respondent listened to radio per week, developed from a weighted average of the number of half hours listened to on an average day. Television Number of half hours respondent viewed TV per week for all time periods, developed from a weighted average of the number of half hours viewed on an average day (inclusive of cable, satellite, and all other TV viewing recorded in MRI). Internet Number of hours respondent used the internet in an average week.

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SLIDE 25

Overall Strategy

25

Planning the prioritization and allocation of attention and financial resources

Prioritizing resources

Understanding the scope and scale of

  • pportunities for increasing self-response

Identifying

  • pportunities

Developing nuanced, tailored messaging, cadence, and campaigns to create awareness, engagement, and motivation

Addressing a variety of audiences

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SLIDE 26

Messaging

26

Planning the proper mix of common/universal messages versus more unique and targeted messages tailored to individual segments

Message Hierarchy

High-response segments can get “act now and advocate” messages Low-response segments may need more “here’s why to respond” messages

Message Differentiation

Linking messaging information to geographic locations can inform creative development (locations for production) and media buying

Message Tailoring

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SLIDE 27

Partnerships

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Providing insight into when and where alternative methods, like partnerships, will work better than ads

Alternative advertising methods

Identifying segments with high likelihood of response where influencers for wider race/ethnicity groups can be found

Partners and influencers

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SLIDE 28

Media Mix, Timing, and Geography

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Media Mix

Refining timing around media buys based on various propensities to respond

Timing

Providing clear guidance on the geographic locations where specific content should be directed

Geography

Developing an effective media mix based on the segment profile Building media buys on programs/content that appeal to the targeted populations