Saldahna Bay Wind Farm Zoethout, Gili, Fernandez, and Deaves - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Saldahna Bay Wind Farm

Zoethout, Gili, Fernandez, and Deaves

Introduction

• REIPPP Targets

1,850 MW of Wind Energy

• 36 MW ‐ 12

Vestas 3.0 MW

• Located in

Saldahna Bay Municipality, Western Cape

Site description

In Western Cape, South Africa, multiple met. masts are set up to collect wind data of the region. This project is located in the area near Vredenburg where data have been collected since May 2010. In particular, the area hill in figure displayed particularly good conditions for the siting of the wind farm.

Wind conditions

The difference that is

• bserved for

the power density is only 0.566%. For the mean wind speed the difference between the fitted data and the observed wind speed is 1.527%.

• South to South‐West wind is dominant at this site.
• This is beneficial for predict the expected wake from the

turbines within the farm and fit more turbines on the site.

• The mean wind speed calculated at the mast location is

6.7 m/s.

Site mapping

Sourrounding the site the map,

• btained from the SRTM

database was: ‐ Increased of details near the site zone ‐ Mapped for the different roughnesses identified from satellite images: the cities, the river, the sea and the different types of vegetation were mapped.

Hill orografic effect

• Due to the altitude of the site, reaching up to 250m (AMSL) beneficial orographic

effects were seen to increase the mean wind speed up to 26% and therefore enhancing the power density of the site which can be extracted from the turbines.

• The mean wind speed at the turbines sites is seen to be higher than 9 m/s.

Site description and neighbourhood

• The site is at around 5 km from the closest city, Laingville and the only

neighbour is constituted by some farms at the feet of the hill, as in picture.

• Legislation on noise impact from wind turbines in South Africa is not found,

but the turbines are placed outside the range of four times the total height from the nearest residential buildings according to the Danish rule. For the turbines that are used in this wind farm this minimal distance is 560 meters.

Designed Wind Farm

Layout for 12 turbines @3MW

2.4 km2 of good resource Maximize power extraction Minimize wake losses

Vestas V112‐3MW

• 3MW rated power
• 112m rotor diameter
• 84m hub height
• 4 stage gearbox
• Synchronous permanent magnets
• Full power converter electronics
• Class III‐A certified

Wind Farm Production

Installed Capacity 36 MW Net Annual Production 137 GWh (≈ 31000 SA households) Park effect losses 6% Net Capacity Factor 43%

Grid Connection possibilities

• A) 33/66kV substation & 10km line to Vredenbourg
• B) 33/132kV substation & 26km line to Aurora MTS

Impact on environment

Local acceptance

Involvement of the community is critical for success

Economics ‐ Revenue

• €54.02/MWh

bid price

• 137 GWh/yr
• €7.4m annual

revenue

1st Round 2nd Round 3rd Round (Est.) 4th Round (Est.)

€ 0.00 € 10.00 € 20.00 € 30.00 € 40.00 € 50.00 € 60.00 € 70.00 € 80.00 € 90.00

Euros/MWh

REIPPP Average Wind Tariff

Economics ‐ Costs

• €54m total CapEx
• €1,500/kW
• 30% equity, 70% debt
• O&M €0.7m ‐ €2.8m

annually

Debt Repayment 55% Equity Investment [PERCENTAGE] Operations and Maintenance Costs 19% Decomissioning Cost 2%

Present Value of Costs

Economics ‐ Returns

‐€ 20,000,000 ‐€ 10,000,000 € 0 € 10,000,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Net Annual Cash Flow

IRR 11% NPV € 5,054,833 LCOE € 50.37/MWh