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safely progress with an exercise program from treatment to - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Strength after Cancer: How to safely progress with an exercise program from treatment to survivorship Julie Everett DPT, CLT Laurie Fitz PT, CLT 1 Objectives Provide an overview of common physical side effects experienced by cancer


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Strength after Cancer: How to safely progress with an exercise program from treatment to survivorship

Julie Everett DPT, CLT Laurie Fitz PT, CLT

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Objectives

  • Provide an overview of common

physical side effects experienced by cancer survivors

  • Define lymphedema and appropriate

exercise guidelines

  • Discuss cancer related fatigue and

management

  • Educate on general exercise guidelines

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Cancer Survivor

“Any person who has been diagnosed with cancer, from the time of diagnosis through the balance of life”

3 ACS Facts and Figures 2014-15

14.5 million

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As Physical Therapists

Our goal is to improve quality of life of cancer survivors by managing/reducing physical side effects of treatment

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Side Effects of Treatment

  • Pain
  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Stiffness
  • Balance
  • Decreased

endurance

  • Lymphedema

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Good News: Positive health

  • utcomes of an exercise program
  • Endurance
  • Cardio respiratory

fitness

  • Insulin level
  • Body composition

and weight

  • Bone mass
  • Muscle strength
  • Balance
  • Reduced Fatigue
  • Reduced Nausea
  • Sleep
  • Social well being
  • Decreased risk of

reoccurrence

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Lymphedema

Disruption to system

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Arteries Veins

Capillaries

Lymph vessels

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Causes

  • Surgery
  • Node removal

from axilla, groin, neck

  • Radiation
  • Scar tissue

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen _0623_LymphaticSystem_Female.png 8

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Lymphedema Need to Know

Symptoms

  • Visible swelling
  • Feeling of

fullness/firmness/heaviness

  • Feeling of tightness from

clothes or jewelry

Reducing Your Risk

  • Avoid:

– Blood Pressure – Needle Sticks – Tight/restrictive clothing

  • DO:

– Take care of your skin – Exercise

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If you develop lymphedema:

  • Notify your doctor
  • Evaluation by a Certified Lymphedema

Therapist (CLT)

  • Treatment is called Complete Decongestive

Therapy (CDT) – Massage, skin care, compression, education, exercise**

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Exercise and Lymphedema

  • Scientific literature

demonstrates safety

  • Should be done in a

systematic manner

  • May have a

protective benefit

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Exercise Key Points:

  • Lymphedema must be stable
  • Initial exercise should be

supervised

  • Start with lowest possible

weight

  • Monitor for symptoms
  • Increase weight slowly after

2-4 sessions of no negative changes

  • Wear compression garment

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Compression Garments

  • Should be worn with

exercise if diagnosed with lymphedema

  • Enhances lymphatic

return

  • Evidence less clear for

women at risk for lymphedema

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Discussion for Cancer Related Fatigue

  • Cancer pain- what is it?
  • Cancer related fatigue- how is this

different?

  • Exercise- how can it help?
  • Moving forward- what can I do?
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Cancer Related Pain

– “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage” – Survivors can have pain from surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation – 33% of people with cancer will continue to have pain after curative care (National Cancer Institute) – Medication, therapy, exercise and relaxation techniques are useful treatment options

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Pain

  • Healing Through Movement

– Using safe and appropriate exercises to help increase the healthy movement – Move the sensation of pain further away from painful activities Healthy Movement Pain Injury

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Cancer Related Fatigue

– Most common side-effect complaint – “Physical, emotional, or cognitive tiredness

  • r exhaustion that is not proportional to

recent activities and interferes with

  • functioning. This fatigue does not get

better with rest.” – 14-96% of people during treatment and 19- 82% of people after treatment (National Cancer Institute)

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Cancer Related Fatigue

  • Other reasons for fatigue

– Anemia – Medications – Poor nutrition – Emotions

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Treatments for Fatigue and Pain

  • #1 Treatment?
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EXERCISE!

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Fatigue and Exercise

  • “I’m way too tired to workout today.”
  • “I’m scared I’m going to hurt myself.”
  • “I need to save what little energy I have to go

home and take care of my family.”

  • “I’ll start an exercise program tomorrow.”
  • “Everything hurts and you want me to do

WHAT?!?”

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Treatments

  • Exercise!

– Improved energy level – Appetite stimulation – Increased blood flow to tissues – Decreased pain – Improved quality of life – Increased strength and flexibility – Mood stimulation – Improved outlook on cancer challenges

  • 2007 Study: Moderate physical activity after treatment

(not household activities) had decreased fatigue and pain

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Exercise Principles

  • Speak to your health care provider before

starting an exercise program!

  • Become knowledgeable about the resources
  • ut there:

– Physical Therapists – Occupational Therapists – Personal Trainers

  • “Start LOW and go SLOW”
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Exercise Principles

  • Heart rate targets

– Stay between 50-80% of maximal heart rate – Maximal Heart rate: 220 minus age (ex: 220- 32= 188) – 188 X .5 = 94 188 x .8= 154

  • Breathing

– You should be able to have a conversation while working out.

  • You can start exercising during treatment!
  • Know your exercise level BEFORE

diagnosis/treatment

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Fatigue and Exercise

  • Beginners

– Sedentary lifestyle and/or low level of exercise – Able to complete household chores and family

  • bligations
  • Intermediates

– 2-4 x a week to the gym – Exercises classes and/or “weekend warrior”

  • Experts

– 4-5 x week at the gym – Competitive athlete and/or active lifestyle

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Exercise for Beginners

  • Start with 3-4 days a week building up
  • Start with smaller bouts (10 minutes) and

building up the time (45 minutes)

  • Choose an activity that interests you:

– Walking, swimming, biking, hiking

  • Have buddy that will encourage you
  • Balanced program:

– cardio, stretching, and weight training

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 1. Shoulder and Pec Stretch

– Lie on your back – Hold a broom or umbrella in both hands – Reach overhead until you feel the stretch – Hold for 15 seconds

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 2. External Rotation

– Standing with arms bent and at side – Rotate arms outward with elbows still at side – Slowly return to standing position

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 3. Shoulder Flexion

– Start with arms at your side – Keep elbows straight and raise arms to shoulder height – Can do with palm down (as shown) or thumbs up – Slowly lower arms to starting position

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 4. Abdominals

– Lay on your back with knees bent – Slight press your low back into the floor – Keeping back flat, slowly raise one knee to chest – Maintaining control in the back, slowly return

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 5. Bridging

– Lay on your back with knees bent – Squeeze buttock – Lift buttock off the floor – Slowly return back to floor

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6 Exercises Daily

  • 6. Clamshells

– Lay on side with knees bent, keeping feet together – Lift top knee up, not allowing body to roll backwards – Slowly lower to starting position – Repeat on other side

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Intermediates and Experts

  • Don’t be concerned if you need to scale back your

previous activities during treatment- YOU WILL GET BACK!

  • Consider joining group fitness challenges to stay

motivated

  • Certified Personal Trainers to help you reach your

goals – Cancer Exercise Specialist

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Additional Exercise Tips:

  • Aerobic exercise

– Walking – Stationary bike

  • Circuit Training

– Work large muscle groups

  • Flexibility

– Stretching

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Exercise Alternatives

  • Yoga
  • Tai Chi
  • Qigong
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References:

  • http://www.lymphnet.org/
  • http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/kimmel_cancer_cent

er/centers/cancer_rehab

  • http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/physical_medicine_r

ehabilitation/index.html

  • www.thecancerspecialist.com/ceti-new/default.aspx
  • National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov)
  • AlfanoCm, Smith AW, Irwin ML, et al. Physical activity, long-term

symptoms, and physical health related quality of life among breast cancer survivors: a prospective analysis. J Cancer Surviv 1 (2):116-28, 2007

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References

  • www.thecancerspecialist.com/ceti-new/default.aspx
  • National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov)
  • Alfano CM, Smith AW, Irwin ML, et al. Physical

activity, long-term symptoms, and physical health related quality of life among breast cancer survivors: a prospective analysis. J Cancer Surviv 1 (2):116-28, 2007

  • Garcia, DO, Thomson, CA. Physical Activity and

Cancer Survivorship. Nutrition in Clin Practice 29 (6): 768-779, 2014

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Thank you!

  • To learn more about our program, visit our website-

http://bit.ly/JHBreastCaSurvivorship

  • To view this webinar and previous webinars, check
  • ut our media library-

http://bit.ly/JHBreastCaSurvivorshipWebinars

  • Questions or concerns, please contact Elissa Bantug-

ebantug1@jhmi.edu

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