“S mart energy” flow diagram of one country AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
“S mart energy” flow diagram of one country AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
“S mart energy” flow diagram of one country AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
J oint capacity + dispatch optimization AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
J oint capacity + dispatch optimization E conomic optimization: variable costs transmission costs (including C O 2 tax) storage costs generation costs S ubject to constraints : S upply hourly inelastic demand Maximum power flowing through the links R enewable generation demand proportional to demand in every country γ Wind solar mix optimized α for every country AARHUS A U 1-α UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
J oint capacity + dispatch optimization E conomic optimization: variable costs transmission costs (including C O 2 tax) storage costs generation costs We fix the renewable penetration and the level of C O 2 tax … … and let the math decide the cost-optimal composition of energy generation, conversion, transmission and storage technologies. Then, we calculate C O 2 emissions. AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
R esults AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
R esults AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
R esults 0 €/ tC O 2 500 €/ tC O 2 AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
More results: electricity + heating + transportation AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
More results: electricity + heating + transportation AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
More results: electricity + heating + transportation AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
S ummary Is Installing Large R enewable C apacities E nough to Decarbonize the C oupled E lectricity-and-Heating S ystem in E urope? No! ... C O 2 tax is required to • incentivize an efficient + highly decarbonized electricity-heating system • avoid renewable curtailment, combustion of fossil fuel, and inefficient technologies • incentivize efficient technologies such as heat pumps AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
„E nergiewende“: kickoff to the second half DanmarksInnovationsfond Grand S olutions (04.2017-03.2022, 2.3 M€) R E -Invest R enewable E nergy Investment S trategies – a 2dim interconnectivity approach Aalborg U + Aarhus U AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
Next steps • include: biomass, heat savings, industry sector, … • transition pathways 2020 à 2050 • impact of climate change • large à small scale modelling • quantitative tech+econ+soc+pol consulting iC limate (AU E NV + E NG) AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
D Heide et.al.: S easonable optimal mix of wind and solar power in a future, highly renewable E urope, R enewable E nergy 35 (2010) 2483-89. D Heide et.al.: R educed storage and balancing needs in a fully renewable E uropean power system with excess wind and solar power generation, R enewable E nergy 36 (2011) 2515-23. MG R asmussen et.al.: S torage and balancing synergies in a fully or highly renewable pan-E uropean power system, E nergy Policy 51 (2012) 642-51. R A R odriguez et.al.: Transmission needs across a fully renewable E uropean power system, R enewable E nergy 63 (2014) 467-76. S Becker et.al.: Transmission grid extensions during the build-up of a fully renewable pan-E uropean electricity supply, E nergy 64 (2014) 404-18. TV J ensen et.al.: E mergence of a phase transition for the required amount of storage in highly renewable electricity systems, E PJ S T 223 (2014) 2475-81. S Becker et.al.: F eatures of a fully renewable US electricity system – optimized mixes of wind and solar P V and transmission grid extensions, E nergy 72 (2014) 443-58. GB Andresen et.al.: The potential for arbitrage of wind and solar surplus power in Denmark, E nergy 76 (2014) 49-58. S Becker et.al.: R enwable build-up pathways for the US : Generation costs are not system costs, E nergy 81 (2015) 437-45. R A R odriguez et.al.: C ost-optimal design of a simplified, highly renewable pan-E uropean electricity system, E nergy 83 (2015) 658-68. R A R odriguez et.al.: Localized vs. synchronized exportsacross a highly renewable pan-E uropean transmission network, E nergy, S ustainability & S ociety 5 (2015) 21. GB Andresen et.al.: Validation of Danish wind time series from a new global renewable energy atlas for energy system analysis, E nergy 93 (2015) 1074-88. B Tranberget.al.: Power flow tracing in a simplified highly renewable E uropean electricity network, New J . Physics 17 (2015) 105002. D S chlachtberger et.al.: Backup flexibility classes in renewable electricity systems, E nergy C onversion and Management 125 (2016) 336-46. E E riksen et.al.: Optimal heterogeneity of a simplified highly renewable pan-E uropean electricity system, E nergy 133 (2017) 913-28. D S chlachtberger et.al.: The benefits of cooperation in a highy renewable E uropean electricity network, E nergy 134 (2017) 469-81. M S chäfer et.al.: Decompositions of injection patterns for nodal flow allocation in renewable electricity networks, E ur. Phys. J . B 90 (2017) 144. M S chäfer et.al.: S caling of transmission capacities in coarse-grained renewable electricity networks, E urophysicsLetters 119 (2017) 38004. M R aunbak et.al.: P rincipal mismatch patterns across a simplified highly renewable E uropean electricity network, E nergies 10 (2017)1934. J Hörsch et.al.: F low tracing as a tool set for the analysis of networked large-scale renewable electricity systems, Int. J . E lectrical Power and E nergy S ystems 96 (2018) 390-97. H Liu et.al.: C ost-optimal design of a simplified highly renewable C hinese electricty network, E nergy 147 (2018) 534-46. B Tranberget.al.: Flow-based nodal cost allocation in a heterogeneous highly renewable E uropean electricity system, E nergy 150 (2018) 122-33. T Brown et.al.: S ynergies of sector coupling and transmission extension in a cost-optimised highly renewable E uropean energy system, E nergy 160 (2018) 720-39. D S chlachtberger et.al.: C ost optimal scenarios of a future highly renewable E uropean electricity system – exploring the influence of weather data, cost parameters and policy constraints, E nergy 163 (2018) 100-14. F Hofmann et.al.: Principal flow patterns across renewable electricity networks, E urophysicsLetters 124 (2018) 18005. M S chlott et.al.: The impact of climate change on a cost-optimal highly renewable E uropean electricity network, Applied E nergy 230 (2018) 1645-59. K Zhu et.al.: Impact of C O 2 prices on the design of a highly decarbonized coupled electricity and heating system in E urope, Applied E nergy 236 (2019) 622-34. T Brown et.al.: S ectoral interactions as carbon dioxide emissions approach zero in a highly-renewable E uropean energy system, E nergies 12 (2019) 1032. AARHUS H Liu et.al.: The role of hydro power, storage and transmission in the decarbonization of the C hinese power system, A U UNIVERSITY Applied E nergy 239 (2019) 1308-21. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
R esults AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
R esults AARHUS A U UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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