Requirement s Engineering in & f or Net worked Organisat ions - - PDF document

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Requirement s Engineering in & f or Net worked Organisat ions - - PDF document

Sep 13, 2023 295 likes •443 views

Requirement s Engineering in & f or Net worked Organisat ions Olly Got el Dept . Comput er Science Cit y Universit y London olly@soi.cit y.ac.uk ht t p:/ / www.soi.cit y.ac.uk/ homes/ olly Overview... Charact erist ics of net worked

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Requirement s Engineering

in & f or

Net worked Organisat ions

Olly Got el Dept . Comput er Science Cit y Universit y London

  • lly@soi.cit y.ac.uk

ht t p:/ / www.soi.cit y.ac.uk/ homes/ olly

Overview...

  • Charact erist ics of net worked organisat ions
  • Requirement s engineering challenges
  • My posit ion:

♦ Role of

  • Requirement s t raceabilit y
  • Cont ribut ion st ruct ures
  • Ot her t hings (?)
  • A f ew point s
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What is a Net worked Organisat ion?

  • “ A body, syst em or societ y wit h a

working (orderly) st ruct ure” - OED

Field Dispatch Manager Beth Radisson Field Dispatch Field Dispatch Manager Manager Beth Radisson Beth Radisson National Field Engineering National Field Engineering National Field Engineering National Field Administrator Diane Settlers National Field National Field Administrator Administrator Diane Settlers Diane Settlers Director of Field Service Jerry Wysocki Director of Field Service Director of Field Service Jerry Jerry Wysocki Wysocki Central Region Manager Fred Jones Central Region Central Region Manager Manager Fred Jones Fred Jones Western Region Manager Bob Czwakiel Western Region Western Region Manager Manager Bob Bob Czwakiel Czwakiel Eastern Region Manager Jeff Radcliff Eastern Region Eastern Region Manager Manager Jeff Radcliff Jeff Radcliff National Dispatch National Dispatch Customer Service Customer Service

Organisat ion:

What is a Net worked Organisat ion?

  • “ A complex (int ersect ing, meshed or

chained) arrangement of int erconnect ed persons, operat ions, et c” - OED

Net wor k:

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What is a Net worked Organisat ion?

  • A working arrangement in which

members are dist ribut ed but (st rive t o?) work t oget her t o achieve it s goals

Net worked organisat ion:

Types of Dist ribut ion in Net worked Organisat ions...

  • Physical dist ribut ion
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Types of Dist ribut ion in Net worked Organisat ions...

  • Concept ual dist ribut ion

I don’t agree!

  • Physical dist ribut ion

The Realit y...

  • To f it in a net worked organisat ion
  • By a net worked organisat ion

Syst ems & sof t ware increasingly being developed:

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More Specif ically...

Developer

  • rganisat ion

Organisat ion in which syst em is t o f it ... Ot her organisat ions wit h a st ake in t he syst em ... Many (overlapping) net worked organisat ions

Shrink- wrap Custom Turnkey

Net worked Developers...

Requirements document v1 Requirements document vn Links to down-stream project artifacts Links to end-user

  • rganisation
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Net worked End-Users...

Requirements document System/software Sources of requirements = target end users & customers Development & evolution

Mediated by developers

Requirement s Engineering Some Challenges...

  • Dispersed inf ormat ion & viewpoint s:

♦ Coverage, int egrat ion & checking ♦ I nconsist ency & conf lict ♦ Management

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Requirement s Engineering Some Challenges...

  • Dynamic reconf igurat ion of personnel:

♦ Part / f lexi home workers & hot desks ♦ Shif t ing roles, relat ions & commit ment s ♦ St af f t urnover & memory loss

  • Dispersed inf ormat ion & viewpoint s:

♦ Coverage, int egrat ion & checking ♦ I nconsist ency & conf lict ♦ Management

Key Problems - My Posit ion...

  • Get t ing reqt s
  • Evolving reqt s
  • Changing reqt s
  • Emerging reqt s
  • Will lead t o ever-det eriorat ing qualit y
  • Pot ent ial communicat ion, co-
  • rdinat ion & cont rol night mares...

Even more rif e in such net worked organisat ions are problems wit h:

x

I SO 9000

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A Solut ion - My Posit ion...

  • Requirement s t raceabilit y?
  • Cont ribut ion st ruct ures?
  • Ot her t hings by & by... like web st uf f

To t he rescue:

Requirement s Traceabilit y...

“ RT ref ers t o t he abilit y t o describe & f ollow inf ormat ion about t he lif e of a requirement in bot h a f orwards & backwards direct ion”

(i.e. f rom it s origins, t hrough it s development & specif icat ion, t o it s subsequent deployment & use, & t hrough all periods of on-going ref inement & it erat ion in any of t hese phases)

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Cont ribut ion St ruct ures...

“ CS ref ers t o t he overall syst em of people involved in t he product ion & evolut ion of requirement s”

(t he richness wit h which t his can be described depends upon: (1) how well t he link bet ween people and requirement s art if act s is def ined; & (ii) how well t he dif f erent t ypes of art if act - based relat ion are t aken int o account )

CS f or RT...

RS ?

  • Remit
  • Responsibilit y
  • Ramif icat ions
  • Roles & relat ions

... A disciplined way t o record & examine st akeholders ... Augment s document ed inf ormat ion

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Rescue Services (Part 1)...

  • I nf rast ruct ure f or development & maint enance

♦ Baseline management & drive ♦ Change management & not if icat ion

  • Cont ingency planning & preparedness

♦ Who’s in & who’s out ? ♦ Anchors f or communicat ion

  • Negot iat ion & decisions
  • Augment s inf o & org memory

Rescue Services (Part 2)...

  • Process improvement

♦ How RE is “really” done (et hno out !) ♦ I nf orm dist rib/ collab met hods & t ools

  • Organisat ional re-engineering

♦ St akeholder orgs & how int ert wined ♦ CF models & realit y t o inf orm modelling

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  • Web servers f or inf ormat ion reposit ories
  • Diverse plat f orms & t echnologies
  • Dist ribut ed archit ect ures
  • WANs out , int ranet in
  • St andard in indust ry
  • Obvious really

♦ Got t o provide f or RT & CS in t his set t ing

RT & CS on t he WWW.. I n Essence (Concept ually)...

  • Web is nat ural mechanism t o implement it

Dat abase Person Art if act Art if act Art if act Art if act Person P arse Link Query Updat e Query Link Link Updat e Updat e

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Web Visions...

Market Share Market Share

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 20 40 60 80 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr

Market Share Market Share

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 20 40 60 80 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr

Client Server

  • Web delivery

mechanism

  • J ava I F

J ava applet Dat abase Download applet

Query Result

  • Point er s t o

ar t if act s (URLs)

  • I nf o about

ar t if act s, people, ar t -based rels & cont rib rels

  • Cr eat e/ edit

ar t if act s

  • Mar kup

ar t if act s (r icher sems)

  • Parse mar kup

et c...

(org crit ical f or speed, scale & dist rib/ collab mechanism) Sybase, Oracle, DB2, et c...

Upload t o regist er cont ent & met a inf o Ot her client s

EG:

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EG: A Few Point s...

  • Hasn’t RE always been carried out in &

f or net worked organisat ions? ♦ Do unit ary ones exist ? Old probs?

  • Don’t organisat ional st ruct ures

inf luence how RE is done? ♦ Underst and f irst ? New approaches?

  • What is most pervasive?

♦ Anchor t o people or roles?

  • I mplicat ions f or web-based RE?

♦ Heaps of j unk? Best f or? Real dist rib?

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That ’s All Folks...

  • Pr epar e f or bat t le.............