References EDN Europe EPN Embedded System Design Atmel, - PDF document

References • EDN Europe • EPN Embedded System Design • Atmel, Philips 8051 Family Microncontrollers Part I Data Books • TI MSP430 Application Notes. Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL • PIC 12Cxxx Series Microntrollers Data Book. • Maxim/Dallas Application notes • Cypress PSoC DataBook Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Survey Course Outline Have you: • Embedded Systems Overview • Got a windows PC? (or linux?) • Embedded System Components • Programmed in assembly and C? • Electronic Design Aid Tools • Ever used a logic analyzer? • Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques • Ever worked with microcontrollers before? • Summary and Future Vision • Ever soldered before? • Ever built anything for fun? Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Embedded System Overview Hardware • A digital processing system is mainly • Physical part of an IT system didived into two parts: • Examples of hardware structures: - Hardware - computer mainboard - Software - cell-phone apparatus - human body - genetic code, DNA Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL 1

Software Embedded System • Is software really soft? • Any microcontroller having the SW code • Physical aspects of a software within its own HW (CPU, I/O) is called embedded system. • Examples of software: - Computer programs • SW resides inside the CPU IC. - MP3 files (used as part of a program) • Other peripherals are integrated upon - Cell-hone operating systems, Symbian etc… market request. Those are ADC, DAC, - Interactive digital media middlewares - Lecture notes, PWM, I2C, CAN, UART, USB, RF etc… - Knowledge Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Microcontrollers Non-PC Applications • Microcontrollers • Nearly 2 billion microprocessor chips are - Don’t have keyboard and monitor jacks manufactured each year, over 95% go into - Must use ports to perform I/O non-PC "embedded" devices – IDC - Inputs – to sense things • Vending machines, washing machines, - Outputs – to control things digital thermostats, cell-phones, cars, test • Related Component Topics instruments etc… - Cool Parts - Common Interfaces - Part Packages Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Typical Embedded System (8051) Versatil versus Specific • Embedded systems are specific in the view of: - Predefined peripherals, appropriately scaled for the job, - Limited RAM/ROM space, - Peridefined structure, task specific, - Small and easy-to-use • Electronic system design differs from embedded systems in: - Grouping large possibility of components - Modifications possible - Large PCB requirement Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL 2

System-on-chip Adventages Path to Embedded Systems • Before getting integrated, most novelties • Lower power appears as a discrete integrated circuit. • Greater reliability - Tranzistor before IC - ADC before ADC implementation, • Lower cost - ARM controllers before ARM based system-on- But, chip products… • Enormous investments in technical • When standardized, these discrete parts are integrated within the more “attractive” expertise, automated design equipment, component. Example ADC within a engineering effort. microcontroller. Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Integration Space Center of Attraction • End of integration means end of life. Today no electron tubes. • There will always be new components around embedded systems as long as electronic engineering exists. • Embedded systems are the center of attraction of electronic circuits. Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Embedded System Business SoC Device Technologies Models • Fabless companies • Masked ASICs • Core/library vendors • Programmable logic devices - OTP • Foundries - UV • EDA companies - Flash devices - Battery back-up logic devices - Microcontrollers with FRAM memory Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL 3

Adding Value to Embedded Semiconductor Cores Systems • Processor cores • No hardware modifications (refer to 8051 - 8051 based architecture) - ARM based • Suitable part selection (among • Memory cores architectures, manufacturers, suppliers) - 1K, 64K, … • Software • Analog cores • Quality of manufacturing - ADC, DAC, RF transmitters, etc… • Service (if required) Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Part Selection (courtesy of ATMEL) Same Component Manufacturers • Sometimes more than one manufacturer produce the same component with small variations in the name (example Philips P89C51, ATMEL AT89C51) • The more moanufacturers produce the same component, the lesser the risk of not finding the component. • Prices decrease. • Your differenciation decrease also. Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Adding Software to Embedded Languages Systems • Low level languages: Assembly language • A language must be chosen - microcontroller specific • A programmer is required for OTP or - not portable or difficult to port PROM devices. In-system programmable - efficient code components may not require any • High level languages: C, C++, Linux programmer. - microcontroller assembly codes are • Debugging tools are required. transparent to the user - easily portable - may require lot of memory space Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL 4

Third Party Programmer Designing an Embedded System – Manufacturers Thanks Ahmet • Data IO • CEIBO • Adventech • EETools • HiLo • Needhams • Xeltek Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Some Models of Development The Spiral Model ������������������� ������������������� ������������ ������������ �������� �������� �������� ������ ������ �������� ��������� �������������� ��������� �������������� ����������� ����������� ���������� ���������� ����������� ����������� �� ��� ��� �� ���������������������� ���������������������� ����������� ����������� ����� ����� … Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Example Project Requirements Modeling Phase • Requirements: • Selection of appriate lowest cost possible - DC motor one-directional power control components to perform the requirements. - Operation of up to 50V DC, 40V nominal • Requirement fullfilling checking of all the - Able to drive currents of up to 30Amps components together. - %0 to %100 PWM ratio - Linear response • Components ordering. - One acceleration button (with predefined acceleration • PCB design by using EDA tools and ordering. ratio) - One deceleration button (with predefined deceleration • Software first phase ratio) • Prototype manufacturing - One immediate shut-down button - IP56 casing • Software second phase and debugging. - Fuse (30A) • Completing the Spiral Model as required. Embedded System Design Embedded System Design Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL Assist.Prof.Dr.Osman Kaan EROL 5