Recent Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration at Peking University C. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Recent Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration at Peking University C. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Recent Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration at Peking University C. Lin, J. Q. Yu, W. J. Ma, Q. Liao, J. G. Zhu, H. Y. Lu, Y. Y. Zhao, H. Y. Wang, J. E. Chen and X. Q. Yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, CAPT, Peking

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  • C. Lin, J. Q. Yu, W. J. Ma, Q. Liao, J. G. Zhu, H. Y. Lu, Y. Y.

Zhao, H. Y. Wang, J. E. Chen and X. Q. Yan

State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, CAPT, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100871

Recent Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration at Peking University

Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU
  • 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@ PKU
  • 4. Summary

Outline

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Institute of Heavy Ion Physics

Linac 4.5 MV electrostatic 2*6 MV tandem, AMS/material AMS facility 1 MV RFQ Laser proton accelerator 2*1.7MV tandem

In 2 n 2007, u upgra raded to to SKL o

  • f Nuclear P

Physics cs and d Tech chnol

  • log
  • gy

Found i d in 198 1983 nuclea ear p phys ysics accelera rato tor p r physics ion b beam p m physic ics me medic ical p physics a and ima magin ing

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4 LBNL

The energy of conventional accelerator is close to saturation！ Laser plasma accelerator has rapid development ！

Why laser-driven ion beams?

PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 23, 070701 (2016) 93 MeV P+ by nm foil

in 2016 Acceleration gradient is three orders of magnitude higher

4.2 GeV e- by 9 cm

Capillary in 2015

PRL 113, 245002 (2014)

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Compact laser plasma accelerator (CLAPA)

2013 2015

Funded by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

HEDP Group

HEDP group

  • Prof. Xueqing Yan

2 academicians of CAS, 4 scientists (ion / electron / radiation / nuclear physics...) 2 engineers ( laser system / beamline) 2 post-docs 21 graduate students, 5 undergraduate students.

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Outline

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU
  • 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@ PKU
  • 4. Summary
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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

The TNSA Acceleration Mechanism

  • Linear polarized laser irradiates on a micron-thickness target.
  • Have achieved 67 MeV protons or 500 MeV Carbon ions.
  • large energy spread and low energy transfer rate (∼0.1%)

Nature 439, 441 (2006); Nature 439, 445 (2006); POP 18, 056710 (2011)

.

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

The RPA Acceleration

Phase Stable Acceleration Laser light pressure： with 10 nm DLC foil~2 μg/cm2:

Sailboat

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B A

Phase Stable Acceleration

1050 1060 0.08 0.12 0.16

t=18TL

px 100x/λ

L

B A

Phase space (x~px)

X.Q.Yan et al, PRL 100, 135003 (2008)

a0=5 D=0.1λ ne/nc=100 4 E n d π =

2 0(1 (

)) / ,( )

x s s

E E x d l d x d l = − − < < +

1860 1880 1900 0.35 0.40 0.45 t=50TL px 100x/λ

L

( )

ζ λ π =       = d n n a

cr e

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11

Self-organizing nc GeV proton by PSA

(a) t=16 (b) t=36

X.Q.Yan, …, J.MtV, et al., PRL, 103, 135001, (2009)

0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 20 40 60 (b)

t=40 T t=50 T t=54 T t=58 T

Arb.Unit γ-1

(c) t=42

εr~0.5 mm.mrad

I~10^22W/cm2, CE>10%

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RPA Challenge (I): High Laser Intensity

1E19 1E20 1E21 1E22 10 100 1000 Maximum Proton Energy (MeV) Laser intensity I (W/cm

2)

 200 MeV proton beam  I ~10^21W/cm^2  Contrast>10^10@ps

T.Tajima, D.Habs, and X.Q.Yan. Review of Accelerator Science and Technology, 2(201-228),2009.

93 MeV@10^20W/cm^2 I.J.Kim et al., POP 23, 070701 (2016) 13 MeV@10^19W/cm^2 , Henig, et., PRL,103,245003

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RPA Challenge(II) : Contrast of 1010@ps

It is very difficult to satisfy a contrast >1010 @10ps,ns and an intensity of 1020W/cm2 ！

  • 1. Amplified Spontaneous Emission
  • 2. Pedestal：100ps before the main pulse
  • 3. Replica: a few ns

A SE m ain pulse pedestal

Tim e

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

RPA Challenge (III): Instabilities

A P L Robinson et al., New J. Phys. 10 013021 (2008) Klimo et al., Phys. Rev. ST AB 11, 031301 (2008) M.Chen et al., POP, 15, 113103, 2008

  • F. Pegoraro et al., PRL

99, 065002 (2007)

  • X. Q. Yan et al., PRL 103,

135001 (2009)

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Challenge(IV): Short Rise Time is Required

Step pulse with I>10^21W/cm2 for RPA!

  • X. Q. Yan et al., PRL 103, 135001 (2009)
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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Laser Shaping by a Plasma Lens

Laser pulse propagating in near-critical plasma will synchronously experience Self-focusing, temporally steepen and prepulse clearing. a0=16.5 , n0=2.4nc

  • A. Pukhov et al., PRL 76 3975 (1996); H. Y. Wang et al., PRL 107, 265002 (2011)

Transverse longitudinal

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Universal of Plasma Lens

ls/λ=(anc/ne)0.5∼2.6

f0=amax/a0 Transmission rate Laser rise time

  • H. Y. Wang et al., PRL 107, 265002 (2011)
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Plasma Lens

Plasma lens to generate high quality laser pulses

Ultrathin solid target

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Laser ablated plasma lense

  • S. Zhao et al., Physics of Plasmas 22, 073106 (2015).

 Using a Using additional dditional ablation laser pulse ablation laser pulse to generate to generate pre pre-expanded plsma lense with exponential expanded plsma lense with exponential density density distribution. distribution.  The l The laser direct aser direct accelerated electrons accelerated electrons play an play an important role. important role.  Easy implementation Easy implementation  To maintain To maintain the the laser laser in in self focusing self focusing state state

I~10 I~1012

12 W/cm

W/cm2 , 200 , 200 ps ps laser electron

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Ion acceleration with low contrast laser

  • S. Zhao et al., CHIN. PHYS. LETT. Vol. 33, No. 3, 035202(2016)

Quasi-monoenergetic ion beams observed in the experiment.

Laser：2 J， 8 um (FWHM)，80fs, I=2*1018 W/cm2 , 10^-6@ 5 ns

normal sheath field DLA electron enhanced sheath field

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Carbon nanotubes as the Plasma lense

J.H.Bin*, W.J.Ma* et. al. “Ion Acceleration Using Relativistic Pulse Shaping in Near-Critical-Density Plasmas”. Physical Review Letters 115, 064801 (2015).

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Experiments were performed CoReLS PW Laser

Laser Laser：10 J 10 J， 4.5um (FWHM) 4.5um (FWHM) CP CP：4*10 4*1020 W/cm W/cm2 Target Target: Carbon : Carbon nanotub nanotube+ e+DLC LC

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PKU

24

9 J/30 fs, 600MeV Carbon ions

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 10

7

10

8

10

9

10

10

10

11

10

12

dN/dE (MeV฀ sr)

  • 1

Energy (MeV)

552_0ug C6 587_6ug C6 393_12ug C6 344_24ug C6 382_36ug C6

New energy record of fs laser driven ions

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 100 200 300 400 500 600

Carbon cutoff energy (MeV) CNF thickness (µg/cm

2)

By Yan ,Ma, Lin, Schreiber, Zepf, Kim &Nam et al., ready to submittion.

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Ionization Dynamics is important

  • It may be accurate to model a pre-

ionized system in proton acceleration since hydrogen is easy to be ionized.

  • For

heavy ions, whose ionization threshold field is much higher than hydrogen, ionization plays a critical role on plasma formation.

Ion type Threshold field (V/m) H1+ 3.19• 1010 C4+ 1.8• 1011 C6+ 6.9• 1012 O6+ 2.1• 1012 O8+ 1.6• 1013 Al13+ 7.0• 1013 Si14+ 8.8• 1013

Eas = 5.1×10^11 V/m is the atomic field strength, UH = 13.6 eV is the hydrogen ionization potential, Ui is the reference ionization potential Z is the ion charge after ionization.

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Mono-energetic ions produced in the normal TNSA experiment

Mono-energetic ion bunches

Including ionization in the simulation, we may reproduces the mono-energetic bunches!

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Micro-structured target via ionization dynamics

Laser Intensity (W/cm2 ) Duration/simul ation time(fs) Spot size(μm) Target Simulation box 1.3J 1 • 1020 35/300 4 20nm Copper 60• m*10• m

Cu 23+

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Laser parameters Target parameters

material density thickness width DLC 3.57 g/cm3 20 nm 40µm GIST

E (J)

9.6J I (1020 W/cm2) 4.7

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Outline

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU
  • 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@

PKU

  • 4. Summary
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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest 30

CLAPA Laser Energy: 5 J Duration: < 25 fs Wavelength: 800 nm Contrast : 1010:1 @ 100 ps 109:1 @ 20 ps 106:1 @ 5 ps Ion acceleration

CLAPA at PEK

Electron acceleration Neutron acceleration

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200TW Laser System

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Current situation

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Beamline system

Energy :1- 44 MeV energy spread: 0~• 5%，10^6-10^8 particles per bunch. The beam line will be accomplished in October. CHIN. PHYS.LETT. 34(2017) 054101

1% 5%

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Advanced Target Lab

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Multiple Targets manufacture ability

50nm-10μm,Metal foils 5nm -40nm DLC foil carbon nanotube 10nm-3 μm plastic foils

10

  • 8

10

  • 5

10

  • 2

10

1

0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 Thickness (µg/cm

2)

Density (g/cm

3)

Gas Solid Laser field dominant Sheath field dominant Cluster Nano foil Nano foam

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Experiment with metal target

Laser: 60TW (on target) 1.8J, 30fs I=8*10^19W/cm^2 Target: 2.5um Al

Paper submitted to CPL

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Experiment with plastic target

C5H8O2 Acceleration based on nm target without plasma mirror!

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Proton beam with good stability

Paper submitted to APL

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Electron acceleration is also in progress

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Future Plans

Tabletop light source and caner therpy machine!

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41

Phase-stable acceleration Ionization dynamics CLAPA system at PEK Near critical density plasma lens

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 10

7

10

8

10

9

10

10

10

11

10

12

dN/dE (MeV฀ sr)

  • 1

Energy (MeV)

552_0ug C6 587_6ug C6 393_12ug C6 344_24ug C6 382_36ug C6

Summary

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Thanks for your attention!

Welcome to visit CLAPA!

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Mono-energetic ion bunches were observed in the simulation!

Laser Intensity (W/cm2 ) Duration/simul ation time(fs) Spot size(μm) Target Simulation box 1.3J 1.92• 1020 35/300 4 Au+C(2%)+O(2%) 60• m*10• m

Micro-structured target via ionization dynamics Simulation Result 1

Two-dimensional PIC code EPOCH simulation experiment

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

toroidal displacement—— poloidal magnetic field toroidal displacement—— poloidal magnetic field

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Matching of the ablated laser pulse

主激光 电子束

  • S. Zhao, Physics of Plasmas 22, 073106 (2015).

200 TW laser, 90 MeV proton！ Experiments are underway.

best matching too long too short

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Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest

Results from experiment

O8+ from simulation C6+ from simulation