The Einstein Telescope Science and Instrumentation Prof. Andreas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
the einstein
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

The Einstein Telescope Science and Instrumentation Prof. Andreas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 24, 2023 145 likes •529 views

The Einstein Telescope Science and Instrumentation Prof. Andreas Freise 01.07.2020, Webinar on: Technical challenges of the Einstein Telescope A very quick introduction to gravitational wave astronomy 2 Earth and Moon Image: NASA,

slide-1
SLIDE 1

The Einstein Telescope

Science and Instrumentation

01.07.2020, Webinar on: Technical challenges of the Einstein Telescope

  • Prof. Andreas Freise
slide-2
SLIDE 2

2

A very quick introduction 
 to gravitational wave
 astronomy

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Earth and Moon

slide-4
SLIDE 4

Image: NASA, ESA, Zolt Levay (STScI)

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Neutron Star Black Hole Amsterdam

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Credits: R. Hurt/Caltech-JPL Credits: R. Hurt/Caltech-JPL

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Observing Gravitational Waves:

7

[http://www.einstein-online.info]

Gravitational waves change 
 the distance between objects.

slide-8
SLIDE 8
slide-9
SLIDE 9

Data

… recorded by LIGO on the 
 14th of September 2015, at 09:50:45 UTC

GW150914

slide-10
SLIDE 10

m

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Ground-based network

LIGO Livingston 4km LIGO Hanford 4km Virgo 3km GEO600 600m KAGRA 3km
 (under construction) LIGO India
 (approved)

slide-12
SLIDE 12

Planned observations with current detectors

12

25-130 Mpc

O2

100 Mpc

O3 O4 O5 O1

110-130 Mpc

Virgo

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

KAGRA

80 Mpc 30 Mpc 50 Mpc 8-25 Mpc

LIGO

2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

90-120 Mpc

LIGO-India

160-190 Mpc Target 330 Mpc Target 330 Mpc 150-260 Mpc 130+ Mpc ?

slide-13
SLIDE 13

13

The case for the Einstein Telescope

slide-14
SLIDE 14

14

So, Galileo, now that you discovered Jupiter’s moons, do we need this new ‘telescope’ for anything else?

slide-15
SLIDE 15

[Credits: NASA, ESA, P. Oesch and B. Robertson (University of California, Santa Cruz), and A. Feild (STScI)]

Probing the history of the universe

Current detectors Einstein Telescope

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Image by Evan Hall and Salvatore Vitale

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Strange Matter in Neutron Stars

17

Figure by Jocelyn Read, see also arXiv:1306.4065

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Einstein Telescope

Vision for a new large-scale European 
 gravitational wave observatory

slide-19
SLIDE 19

Credit: LIGO/T. Pyle

slide-20
SLIDE 20

km-length vs. 10-19 m change hundreds of kW light power vs. noise from single photons

slide-21
SLIDE 21

21

https://gwic.ligo.org/3Gsubcomm/documents/GWIC_3G_R_D_Subcommittee_report_July_2019.pdf

slide-22
SLIDE 22

22

Design tool: noise budget

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Reducing vibrations

23

Simulation: Maria Bader

ET is planned for a depth of >200m

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Higher-power and ultra-stable lasers

24

Image: LIGO

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Advanced Sensing and Control

25 Main Interferometer Beam

Image: Virgo

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Low laser power, cryogenic, long suspensions High laser power, room temperature, `normal' suspensions

26

Xylophone design: enabling low-frequencies

slide-27
SLIDE 27

The Einstein Telescope hosts three independent detectors in a triangle configuration Provides:

  • full signal capture in both polarisations
  • redundancy for 24/7 operation

Triangle configuration

27

+

x

6 laser interferometers, each 10km long!

slide-28
SLIDE 28
slide-29
SLIDE 29

29

Large underground facility

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Einstein Telescope (ET)

  • 2010 ET conceptual design completed
  • 2020 Forming the ET collaboration, design update
  • 2021 ESFRI roadmap
  • 2023 Site Selection
  • 2025 Full Technical Design
  • 2026 Infrastructure realisation start (excavation, ….)
  • 2032+: installation / commissioning / operation

30

The Einstein Telescope is the vision for a European GW Observatory, a large underground facility with a 50+ years lifespan, expected to host a number of different experiment/technologies. Timeline:

slide-31
SLIDE 31

ET Site Selection

31

ET has two site candidates with community support and political support: a) Limburg, a cross-border region in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, and b) Sardinia Italy

[Michele Punturo]

The site will be chosen after detailed studies on seismic activity. But many

  • ther aspects will drive the decision, including industry engagement and

socio-economic returns.

slide-32
SLIDE 32

ETpathfinder R&D laboratory

Focus of ETpathfinder:

  • new mirror material → silicon
  • cold mirrors → 10K to 120K
  • new wavelengths → 1.5-2.1 𝝂m
  • quantum noise suppression

Not the real focus, but also

  • 10−8 mBar vacuum system
  • modern controls technology
  • active vibration attenuation
  • lots of optics: lasers, mirrors, etc.
slide-33
SLIDE 33

More details on the 
 technology in the next talk.

slide-34
SLIDE 34
  • A. Freise

...end

34

slide-35
SLIDE 35

Extra Slides

slide-36
SLIDE 36
  • A. Freise

36

Table-top 
 interferometry Numerical 
 modelling

Interferometer R+D

slide-37
SLIDE 37

37

From Idea to Implementation

Idea Analytic computations Numerical computations Prototype interferometers Table-top tests Detector system construction Detector commissioning

10 to 30 years is a good time scale to go from idea to an implementation/application of a new concept or technology