Realiz lizin ing R Regio ional l Integratio ion Goals t throu - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Realiz lizin ing R Regio ional l Integratio ion Goals t throu

• ugh D

Digital Trade: The U e UN Perspec ective

Session II

Panel O Objective:

The objective of the panel is to introduce roles, mandate, on-going initiatives of selected UN agencies active and pro-active in the digital economy in promoting regional integration in Asia Pacific:

• what they each do
• where they are going
• what they are ultimately trying to accomplish
• how they can help public and private sector alike

St Structure of

• f the

e sessio session

• Introduction by the moderator
• 3 mini-Rounds of exchange
• 2 surprise questions…
• Questions and answers session (using sli.do)

Panelists

Min Jung Kim

Legal Expert, UNCITRAL Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific

Tengfei Wang

Economic Affairs Officer Trade, Investment and Innovation Division UNESCAP

David Galipeau

Founder and Chief

• f the United

Nations Social Impact Fund (UNDP-UNSIF)

Duangthip Chomprang

Director, Regional Cooperation and Assistance, ITD

We need to hear from you too…

What i is the d digital economy?

ICT Sector / Tech Sector Digital economy Digital government / e- government

Digital economy: greater than social media/messaging; greater than tech/e-commerce companies We are talking about the capacity to draw on digital technologies as a driver of growth across the whole economy Big challenges in measuring the size and scope – limited data

Digi gital ec econo nomy: per pervasi sive, , di disr sruptive, a e, accel elerating, di diver ersi sifying

x

Online shopping (goods) Online trade in services Online-to-

• ffline

Gig economy

• “Digital goods” (e.g.

apps, songs, videos)

• Services (e.g. BPO,

financial services)

Capacity to draw on digital technologies as a driver of growth across the whole economy Challenge to measure size and scope- limited data

Logistics Payments Connectivity (Digital Infrastructure)

Regulations

Business mobility Competition policy Content access Data policies Intellectual property rights FDI limits Online sales and transactions Public procurement Quantitative trade restrictions Standards Tariffs Taxes

Types o

• f El

Elect ctronic T Trade

• E-Trade: all goods and services

(both traditional and digital) traded internationally through electronic means

• E-commerce: the purchase of

traditional goods and services through digital means

• Digital trade: all transactions

involving digital goods and services as “digital trade”.

7

Connect ctivi vity: mobile h has grown r rapidly b but fixed broadband l lagging

ASEAN average speeds vary from 15-85%

• f global

average

Source: Google/Temasek

8 9 9 26 3 1 8 1 93 87 79 78 74 67 62 56 53 52 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Brunei Darussalam Thailand Myanmar Malaysia Singapore Philippines Indonesia Vietnam Lao PDR Cambodia Fixed-line broadband subscribers (Per 100 inhabitants, 2016) Unique Mobile Broadbnad Subscribers (% of population, 2016)

Technol

• logy
• gy adoption
• n: A long w

g way t to go go i in grow

• wing b

g business use se o

• f I

ICT

Cambodia, 57.5 Indonesia, 30.6 Lao PDR, 24.3 Malaysia, 46.2 Myanmar, 30.1 Philippines, 80.4 Thailand, 52.9 Vietnam, 91.5 India, 78.0 China, 85.0 Global average, 69.0

Firms using e-mail to interact with clients (%)

B2B ICT Use B2C ICT Use Myanmar 3.3 3.3 India 4.1 4.2 Lao PDR 4.3 4.0 Cambodia 4.5 4.0 Indonesia 4.9 5.4 Philippines 4.9 4.8 Vietnam 4.9 4.9 China 4.9 5.3 Thailand 5.0 5.1 Global average 5.0 4.5 Malaysia 5.7 5.9 Singapore 5.8 5.5

Source: World Bank Enterprise Surveys Source: WEF Networked Readiness Index firm surveys 1=low use, 7= high use

Logistics a and t trade f faci cilitation: s some signs of i improvement but still a a major c constraint

Need to improve not just domestic connectivity – but also ease

• f shipping internationally – if e-commerce is going to grow

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Ease of arranging international shipments

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0

Postal Reliability Index

Source: UPU Source: World Bank Logistics Performance Index

Cross ss-cutting p policy a and r regulatory infrastruct cture: i it can enable or hinder g growth

electronic documentation e-signature e-payments Consumer protection Intermediary liability Privacy and data protection Server localization requirements Data flows restrictions

e-trade regulation

Ban of

• nline sales

Enabling regulatory policies Restrictive measures The challenge for Myanmar: Getting the balance right between enabling and restrictive regulatory measures The opportunity: Regulatory infrastructure is still largely under development; less “legacy” issues than other ASEAN countries Opportunity to benefit from regional experience-sharing and cooperation

What are at are e eTrad Trade Read adine ness Asse ss Assessm ssments nts ?

• Objective: to assess countries’ current strengths, weaknesses, gaps and opportunities in

the seven policy areas identified by eTrade for all

• Methodology: surveys, in-country mission/focus group discussions, report drafting and

validation (eTrade for all partners)

• Main outcome: identification of priority actions to increase the uptake of e-commerce
• Countries covered:
• 2017 completed: Cambodia, Bhutan, Samoa, Nepal
• 2018 completed: Lao PDR, Liberia, Myanmar
• 2018 on-going: Senegal, Solomon Islands, Togo, Uganda, Vanuatu and Zambia

Key fin findin ings – ASEA SEAN L N LDC DCs

In place in capitals, mobile-only. Smartphone + Facebook first 95% COD. Bank offering DFS. Growing FinTech development. Last mile / physical addressing

• issues. Deminimis not applied. Cross

border paperless trade growing ICT risk-prone sector. Venture capitalists and business accelerators pioneers not here. Outdated ecosystem. eTransaction focus Online consumer concerns growing. Curricula outdated. Focus on ICT skills only. Business accelerator and co-working space everywhere Lack of a single shared vision for e- commerce development

Panel anel O Objec jecti tive: e:

The objective of the panel is to introduce roles, mandate, on-going initiatives of selected UN agencies active and pro-active in the digital economy in promoting regional integration in Asia Pacific:

• what they each do
• where they are going
• what they are ultimately trying to accomplish
• how they can help public and private sector alike