r Pr sr rt - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

❆ ❋♦r♠❛❧ Pr♦♦❢ ♦❢ ❙❛s❛❦✐✲▼✉r❛♦ ❆❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ✭❥✇✇✳ ❚❤✐❡rr② ❈♦q✉❛♥❞ ❛♥❞ ❱✐♥❝❡♥t ❙✐❧❡s✮ ❆♥❞❡rs ▼⑧ ♦rt❜❡r❣ ④ ♠♦rt❜❡r❣❅❝❤❛❧♠❡rs✳s❡ ❙❡♣t❡♠❜❡r ✷✵✱ ✷✵✶✷

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥ ■ ❲❛♥t✿ P♦❧②♥♦♠✐❛❧ t✐♠❡ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ❢♦r ❝♦♠♣✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❛♥t ♦❢ ❛ ♠❛tr✐① ✇✐t❤ ❝♦❡✍❝✐❡♥ts ✐♥ ❛♥② ❝♦♠♠✉t❛t✐✈❡ r✐♥❣ ✭♥♦t ♥❡❝❡ss❛r✐❧② ✇✐t❤ ❞✐✈✐s✐♦♥✮ ■ ❋♦r♠❛❧❧② ✈❡r✐☞❡❞ ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t❛t✐♦♥ ✐♥ ❈♦q

◆❛✐✈❡ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ▲❛♣❧❛❝❡ ❡①♣❛♥s✐♦♥✿ ❊①♣r❡ss t❤❡ ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❛♥t ✐♥ t❡r♠s ♦❢ ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❛♥ts ♦❢ s✉❜♠❛tr✐❝❡s ☞ ☞ ❛ ❜ ❝ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ❡ ❢ ❞ ❢ ❞ ❡ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ❞ ❡ ❢ ❂ ❛ ☞ � ❜ ☞ ✰ ❝ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ❤ ✐ ❣ ✐ ❣ ❤ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ❣ ❤ ✐ ☞ ☞ ❂ ❛ ✭ ❡✐ � ❤❢ ✮ � ❜ ✭ ❞✐ � ❢❣ ✮ ✰ ❝ ✭ ❞❣ � ❡❣ ✮ ❂ ❛❡✐ � ❛❤❢ � ❜❞✐ ✰ ❜❢❣ ✰ ❝❞❣ � ❝❡❣ ■ ◆♦t s✉✐t❡❞ ❢♦r ❝♦♠♣✉t❛t✐♦♥ ✭❢❛❝t♦r✐❛❧ ❝♦♠♣❧❡①✐t②✮

●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❡❧✐♠✐♥❛t✐♦♥ ■ ●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❡❧✐♠✐♥❛t✐♦♥✿ ❈♦♥✈❡rt t❤❡ ♠❛tr✐① ✐♥t♦ tr✐❛♥❣✉❧❛r ❢♦r♠ ✉s✐♥❣ ❡❧❡♠❡♥t❛r② ♦♣❡r❛t✐♦♥s ■ P♦❧②♥♦♠✐❛❧ t✐♠❡ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❘❡❧✐❡s ♦♥ ❞✐✈✐s✐♦♥ ④ ■s t❤❡r❡ ❛ ♣♦❧②♥♦♠✐❛❧ t✐♠❡ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ♥♦t ✉s✐♥❣ ❞✐✈✐s✐♦♥❄

■ ❲❡ ❝❛♥ ❞♦✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ❧ ✥ ✥ ✵ ❝ ▼ ❛❝ ❛▼ ❛▼ � ❝❧ ■ Pr♦❜❧❡♠s✿ ■ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡s ❛ ♥ ✁ ❞❡t ■ ❛ ❂ ✵❄ ■ ❊①♣♦♥❡♥t✐❛❧ ❣r♦✇t❤ ♦❢ ❝♦❡✍❝✐❡♥ts ❉✐✈✐s✐♦♥ ❢r❡❡ ●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❲❡ ✇❛♥t ❛♥ ♦♣❡r❛t✐♦♥ ❞♦✐♥❣✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ✥ ❝ ▼ ✵ ▼ ✵

■ Pr♦❜❧❡♠s✿ ■ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡s ❛ ♥ ✁ ❞❡t ■ ❛ ❂ ✵❄ ■ ❊①♣♦♥❡♥t✐❛❧ ❣r♦✇t❤ ♦❢ ❝♦❡✍❝✐❡♥ts ❉✐✈✐s✐♦♥ ❢r❡❡ ●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❲❡ ✇❛♥t ❛♥ ♦♣❡r❛t✐♦♥ ❞♦✐♥❣✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ✥ ❝ ▼ ✵ ▼ ✵ ■ ❲❡ ❝❛♥ ❞♦✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ❧ ✥ ✥ ✵ ❝ ▼ ❛❝ ❛▼ ❛▼ � ❝❧

❉✐✈✐s✐♦♥ ❢r❡❡ ●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❲❡ ✇❛♥t ❛♥ ♦♣❡r❛t✐♦♥ ❞♦✐♥❣✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ✥ ❝ ▼ ✵ ▼ ✵ ■ ❲❡ ❝❛♥ ❞♦✿ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✒ ❛ ✓ ✓ ✓ ❧ ❧ ❧ ✥ ✥ ✵ ❝ ▼ ❛❝ ❛▼ ❛▼ � ❝❧ ■ Pr♦❜❧❡♠s✿ ■ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡s ❛ ♥ ✁ ❞❡t ■ ❛ ❂ ✵❄ ■ ❊①♣♦♥❡♥t✐❛❧ ❣r♦✇t❤ ♦❢ ❝♦❡✍❝✐❡♥ts

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❊r✇✐♥ ❇❛r❡✐ss✿ ✧❙②❧✈❡st❡r✬s ■❞❡♥t✐t② ❛♥❞ ▼✉❧t✐st❡♣ ■♥t❡❣❡r✲Pr❡s❡r✈✐♥❣ ●❛✉ss✐❛♥ ❊❧✐♠✐♥❛t✐♦♥✧ ✭✶✾✻✽✮ ■ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❛♥t ♦❢ ✐♥t❡❣❡r ♠❛tr✐❝❡s ✐♥ ♣♦❧②♥♦♠✐❛❧ t✐♠❡ ■ ❖♥❧② ❞♦ ❞✐✈✐s✐♦♥s t❤❛t ❛r❡ ❣✉❛r❛♥t❡❡❞ t♦ ❜❡ ❡①❛❝t

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✶ ✺ ✽ ✾ ✸ ❇ ❈ ❇ ❈ ✶ ✷ ✽ ✺ ❅ ❆ ✻ ✻ ✼ ✶

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✺ ✽ ✾ ✸ ✵ ✷ ✄ ✽ � ✺ ✄ ✷ ✷ ✄ ✾ � ✺ ✄ ✹ ✷ ✄ ✸ � ✺ ✄ ✺ ❇ ❈ ❇ ❈ ❆ ✥ ❇ ❈ ❇ ❈ ✶ ✷ ✽ ✺ ✵ ✷ ✄ ✷ � ✶ ✄ ✷ ✷ ✄ ✽ � ✶ ✄ ✹ ✷ ✄ ✺ � ✶ ✄ ✺ ❅ ❅ ❆ ✻ ✻ ✼ ✶ ✵ ✷ ✄ ✻ � ✻ ✄ ✷ ✷ ✄ ✼ � ✻ ✄ ✹ ✷ ✄ ✶ � ✻ ✄ ✺

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✶ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ❂ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✷ ✶✷ ✺ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ � ✶✵ � ✷✽

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ✥ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✻ ✄ ✶✷ � ✷ ✄ ✭ � ✷✮ ✻ ✄ ✺ � ✷ ✄ ✭ � ✶✾✮ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ ✻ ✄ ✭ � ✶✵✮ � ✵ ✄ ✭ � ✷✮ ✻ ✄ ✭ � ✷✽✮ � ✵ ✄ ✭ � ✶✾✮

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✶ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ❂ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✼✻ ✻✽ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ � ✻✵ � ✶✻✽

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✶ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ✥ ✵ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✼✻ ❂ ✷ ✻✽ ❂ ✷ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ � ✻✵ ❂ ✷ � ✶✻✽ ❂ ✷

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ❂ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✸✹ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ � ✸✵ � ✽✹

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ✥ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✸✹ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✄ ✭ � ✽✹✮ � ✭ � ✸✵✮ ✄ ✸✹

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ❂ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✸✹ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ ✵ � ✷✶✼✷

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ✥ ✵ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✸✹ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ ✵ � ✷✶✼✷ ❂ ✻

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ✵ ✻ � ✷ � ✶✾ ❇ ❈ ❂ ❇ ❈ ✵ ✵ ✸✽ ✸✹ ❅ ❆ ✵ ✵ ✵ � ✸✻✷

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠✿ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ☞ ☞ ✷ ✷ ✹ ✺ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ✺ ✽ ✾ ✸ ☞ ☞ ❂ � ✸✻✷ ☞ ☞ ✶ ✷ ✽ ✺ ☞ ☞ ☞ ☞ ✻ ✻ ✼ ✶ ☞ ☞

■ ◆♦✱ ✇❡ ♥❡❡❞ ❡①♣❧✐❝✐t ❞✐✈✐s✐❜✐❧✐t② ■ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s✿ ❩ ❀ ❦ ❬ ① ❪ ❀ ❩ ❬ ① ❀ ② ❪ ❀ ❦ ❬ ① ❀ ② ❀ ③ ❪ ❀ ✿ ✿ ✿ ❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❛ ❂ ✵❄ ■ ●❡♥❡r❛❧✐③❡ t♦ ❛♥② ❝♦♠♠✉t❛t✐✈❡ r✐♥❣❄

❇❛r❡✐ss ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❛ ❂ ✵❄ ■ ●❡♥❡r❛❧✐③❡ t♦ ❛♥② ❝♦♠♠✉t❛t✐✈❡ r✐♥❣❄ ■ ◆♦✱ ✇❡ ♥❡❡❞ ❡①♣❧✐❝✐t ❞✐✈✐s✐❜✐❧✐t② ■ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s✿ ❩ ❀ ❦ ❬ ① ❪ ❀ ❩ ❬ ① ❀ ② ❪ ❀ ❦ ❬ ① ❀ ② ❀ ③ ❪ ❀ ✿ ✿ ✿

❙❛s❛❦✐✲▼✉r❛♦ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ■ ❆♣♣❧② t❤❡ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ t♦ ① ✁ ■❞ � ▼ ■ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ ♦♥ ❘ ❬ ① ❪ ✇✐t❤ ♣s❡✉❞♦✲❞✐✈✐s✐♦♥ ■ P✉t ① ❂ ✵ ✐♥ t❤❡ r❡s✉❧t

❙❛s❛❦✐✲▼✉r❛♦ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠ ❞✈❞❴st❡♣ ✿✿ ❘❬①❪ ✲❃ ▼❛tr✐① ❘❬①❪ ✲❃ ▼❛tr✐① ❘❬①❪ ❞✈❞❴st❡♣ ❣ ▼ ❂ ♠❛♣▼ ✭❭① ✲❃ ❣ ⑤ ①✮ ▼ s❛s❛❦✐❴r❡❝ ✿✿ ❘❬①❪ ✲❃ ▼❛tr✐① ❘❬①❪ ✲❃ ❘❬①❪ s❛s❛❦✐❴r❡❝ ❣ ▼ ❂ ❝❛s❡ ▼ ♦❢ ❊♠♣t② ✲❃ ❣ ❈♦♥s ❛ ❧ ❝ ▼ ✲❃ ❧❡t ▼✬ ❂ ❛ ✯ ▼ ✲ ❝ ✯ ❧ ✐♥ s❛s❛❦✐❴r❡❝ ❛ ✭❞✈❞❴st❡♣ ❣ ▼✬✮ s❛s❛❦✐ ✿✿ ▼❛tr✐① ❘ ✲❃ ❘❬①❪ s❛s❛❦✐ ▼ ❂ s❛s❛❦✐❴r❡❝ ✶ ✭① ✯ ■❞ ✲ ▼✮