R&D EFFORT IN LABS 5 AND 6 Anna Pla-Dalmau R&D Review - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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R&D EFFORT IN LABS 5 AND 6 Anna Pla-Dalmau R&D Review - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 09, 2023 49 likes •277 views

R&D EFFORT IN LABS 5 AND 6 Anna Pla-Dalmau R&D Review October 29, 2014 SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT Anna Pla-Dalmau Group leader Focus: wire chamber winding plastic scintillation extrusion R&D Interests:

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SLIDE 1

R&D EFFORT IN LABS 5 AND 6

Anna Pla-Dalmau R&D Review October 29, 2014

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SLIDE 2

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

  • Anna Pla-Dalmau – Group leader
  • Focus:

– wire chamber winding – plastic scintillation extrusion

  • R&D Interests:

– Wavelength shifting fiber and scintillator co-extrusion – Coatings for extruded scintillator – Radiation-resilient plastic scintillator – Neutron-sensitive plastic scintillator – Water-based liquid scintillator

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 2

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SLIDE 3

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 3

SCINTILLATOR EXTRUSIONS

MINOS MINERVA Mu2e generic shapes

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SLIDE 4

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 4

FNAL-NICADD EXTRUSION LINE FACILITY SINCE 2003 – LAB 5

  • R&D
  • production
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SLIDE 5

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 5

EXTRUDED SCINTILLATOR SHIPMENTS: NOT JUST USA!

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SLIDE 6

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

FNAL-NICADD LINE, USA

  • MINERVA
  • DOUBLE CHOOZ
  • T2K
  • MICE
  • JLAB
  • BELLE II

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 6

EXTRUDED SCINTILLATOR SHIPMENTS – LIST:

FNAL-NICADD LINE, OUTSIDE USA

  • T2K
  • PIERRE AUGER
  • TRIUMF
  • JPARC
  • KEK
  • INFN

– PADOVA – NAPOLI – BOLOGNA – TORINO – GRAN SASSO EARLY WORK

  • D0 - pioneer
  • STAR
  • MINOS
  • K2K
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SLIDE 7

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT – PLA-DALMAU I- WLS FIBER AND SCINTILLATOR CO- EXTRUSION

– Proof of concept – shoe string:

  • Lab-size extruder from surplus
  • Adapted small puller
  • Old multi-coated WLS fiber
  • Manual fiber feeder

– Problem  fiber stretched

  • Poor fiber feeder

Challenge: Fiber and scintillator are

  • f the same material (polystyrene)

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 7

  • NEW ALUMINUM DIE – MELT COMES OUT AT 90º
  • KURARAY FIBER FED STRAIGHT
  • ALUMINUM DIE (5 cm CUBE, SLANTED FRONT)
  • KURARAY FIBER FED FROM THE TOP – NOT IDEAL
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SLIDE 8

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT I- WLS FIBER AND SCINTILLATOR CO-EXTRUSION (cont’d)

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 8

FUTURE WORK

  • Proper fiber feeder
  • Different WLS fiber material – glass

– High temperature glass – Need doped glass fiber with:

  • Green emission
  • Reasonable decay time

– Started to look for glass fiber supplier

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SLIDE 9

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT II- THIN EXTRUDED SCINTILLATOR

  • Extruded scintillator ribbons
  • Potential use in calorimetry applications
  • Made: 100 mm x 2 mm extruded scintillator
  • Without reflective coating
  • Developed new die and sizing tooling, process
  • Serious mechanical challenges:

– Threading extrusion line (start-up) – Sizing part – control shape and size

  • Samples used in the TEST BEAM by T-1015

FUTURE WORK

  • Explore sleek coating in sizing tool - MINOR

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 9

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SLIDE 10

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT III- POLYETHYLENE (PE) COATING

  • TYVEK is fused PE
  • TYVEK is a good reflector
  • Current TiO2/polystyrene coating yields

a diffuse reflector (wet interface)

  • PE does not stick to polystyrene core
  • HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE – various grades
  • Usual extrusion setup

– Poor control of final strip size, shape

  • Tandem extrusion setup

– New tooling required – New equipment layout

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 10 co-extruder extruder co-extruder cooling tank cooling tank

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SLIDE 11

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT III- POLYETHYLENE (PE) COATING (cont’d)

  • Difficult coating application

– Problem – tooling – short die-land – Machined a die-land extension

  • Preliminary results show scintillator with

TiO2/PE coating has 20% more light than current scintillator with TiO2/PS coating

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 11 cooling tank 2nd die

FUTURE WORK

  • Best coating: PE grade and TiO2 concentration
  • Extrusion parameters
  • Sizing tooling after 2nd die
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SLIDE 12

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS

– After 20 years! – New materials available:

  • Clear, used in encapsulation

– CURRENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS USE

  • Polystyrene (PS)
  • Polyvinyltoluene (PVT)
  • Dopants

Organic fluorescent compounds

  • PPO, PTP
  • POPOP, bis-MSB, BBOT
  • Susceptible to radiation

Losses in transmission even at high dopant concentrations

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 12

PS

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 100 200 300 400 500 INTENSITY Y - ARBI ARBITRAR RARY Y UNITS CH CHAN ANNEL N L NUMBE BER

STANDARD BLUE SCINTILLATOR PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons)

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SLIDE 13

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

– Tested polyurethanes – Tested epoxies – Tested polysiloxanes

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 13

PLAIN - UNDOPED AFTER IRRADIATION

R4,R5: (CH2)n

DISCOLORATION DISCOLORATION NO DISCOLORATION + DI-AMINES

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SLIDE 14

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

Polysiloxanes - One component – RTV – Acetic acid smell – Mostly aliphatic – Full clarity range: from translucent to very clear – Inexpensive, generally – No scintillation – Add scintillator (naphthalene, anthracene) – Add dopants:

  • Organic: PPO, POPOP

– Solubility problems  opaque samples Work in progress to address these disadvantages before sending for irradiation

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 14

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SLIDE 15

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

Polysiloxanes – Two-part components – Pt or Rh catalyst – Aliphatic

  • Very clear, no scintillation
  • Add scintillator

– Inorganic: CeF3, CeCl3 Big solubility problems!

  • Add secondary dopants:

– Organic: POPOP ~ solubility

– Tested: JCR, Sylgard 184

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 15

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 50 100 150 200 250 Channel Number

50% CeCl3, 10% POPOP, Layers

Integration: 7338

100 200 300 400 500 50 100 150 200 250 Channel Number

10% CeCl3, 1% POPOP, Layers

Integration: 3865

PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons) PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons)

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SLIDE 16

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

Polysiloxanes – Two-part components – Pt or Rh catalyst – Aliphatic

  • Very clear, no scintillation
  • Add scintillator

– Organic: naph, anth Solubility problems

  • Add dopants:

– Organic: PPO, POPOP ~ solubility

– Tested: JCR, Sylgard 184

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 16

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 50 100 150 200 250 Channel Number

10% NAPH, 1% PPO, 0.05% POPOP, A

Integration: 43783

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 50 100 150 200 250 Channel Number

10% PPO, 0.05% POPOP

Integration: 62483

PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons) PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons)

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SLIDE 17

IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

Polysiloxanes – Two-part components – Pt or Rh catalyst – Aromatic

  • Still clear
  • Potential scintillator
  • Add dopants:

– Organic: PPO, POPOP ~ solubility

  • Add solvent for dopants:

– Oil – DC705 – HC – LAB

– Tested: LS, CSL Work in progress!

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 17

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 100 200 300 400 500 INTENSITY Y - ARBI ARBITRAR RARY Y UNITS CH CHAN ANNEL N L NUMBE BER

PS STANDARD SCINT (BLUE) - LS SCINT (RED)

PULSE HEIGHT PLOT USING 207Bi SOURCE (1 MeV electrons)

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SLIDE 18

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT IV- RADIATION-RESILIENT PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 18

FUTURE WORK

  • Continue to look for clear materials
  • Test and characterize new materials
  • Check scintillation light yield
  • Perform radiation damage studies
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SLIDE 19

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT V- NEUTRON-SENSITIVE PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR

  • In support of the SuperCDMS experiment
  • Prepared polystyrene-based scintillator doped with a high

concentration (10 – 20 %) of trimethylborate (TMB)

– 10% TMB – full polymerization – 20% TMB – polymerization affected – soft materials

  • All samples turned cloudy

– TMB is moisture sensitive

  • TMB is not a good dopant in plastic scintillators

– TMB is currently used in the liquid scintillator by SCDMS

FUTURE WORK

  • Continue to look for boron-containing additives - MINOR

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 19

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SLIDE 20

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT VI- WATER-BASED LIQUID SCINTILLATORS

– Water does not scintillate – Get scintillator/dopants into solution – Use surfactants:

  • TRITON X – several grades

– TRITON X-100 – TRITON X-102 – TRITON X-114

– Focused on TRITON X-102 – Tested different concentrations:

  • ie: samples 1, 2 and 3

– Checked light yield using 207Bi source

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 20

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SLIDE 21

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT VI- WATER-BASED LIQUID SCINTILLATORS (cont’d)

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 21

FUTURE WORK

  • Just started! Lots to do…
  • Improve light yield
  • Improve solubility
  • Optimize concentration
  • Test other surfactants
  • Test other dopants
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SLIDE 22
  • “The MU-RAY experiment. An application of SiPM technology to the understanding
  • f volcanic phenomena”, A. Anastasio et al., NIM A 718 (2013) 134-137.
  • “The MU-RAY detector for muon radiography of volcanoes”, A. Anastasio et al.,

NIM A 732 (2013) 423-426.

  • “The MU-RAY project: detector technology and first data from Mt. Vesuvius”, F.

Ambrosino et al., JINST 9 (2014) C02029.

  • “Mu2e Conceptual Design Report”, Mu2e Collaboration, FERMILAB-TM-2545.
  • “Mu2e Technical Design Report”, Mu2e Collaboration, in preparation
  • “Design, Calibration and Performance of the MINERvA Detector”, the MINERvA

Collaboration, NIM A 743 (2014) 130-159.

  • “Photodegradation Mechanisms of Tetraphenyl Butadiene Coatings for Liquid

Argon Detectors”, B. Jones, J. VanGemert, J. Conrad and A. Pla-Dalmau, JINST 8 (2013) P01013, [arXiv:1211.7150].

  • “Demonstration of Communication using Neutrinos”, D.D. Stancil et al., Mod. Phys.
  • Lett. A27 (2012) 1250077.
  • “The MU-RAY project: Volcano radiography with cosmic-ray muons”, G. Ambrosi et
  • al. NIM A 628 (2011) 120-123.
  • “Tomography of the Great Pyramid”, A.D. Bross, et al., in preparation.

SCINTILLATION DETECTOR DEVELOPMENT - PUBLICATIONS

10/29/2014 Anna Pla-Dalmau - PPD / DDOD / SDD 22