,QWURGXFLQJ� $VWURELWHV &KULV�)DHVL
*DV�$FFUHWLRQ�LV�'RPLQDWHG�E\�:DUP�,RQL]HG�*DV�LQ� 0LON\�:D\�0DVV�*DOD[LHV�DW�]�a�� 0��5\DQ�-RXQJ��0DU\�(��3XWPDQ��*UHJ�/��%U\DQ��;LPHQD�)HUQDQGH]��-��(��*�� 3HHN��&ROXPELD�8� :H�SHUIRUP�KLJK�UHVROXWLRQ�K\GURG\QDPLF�VLPXODWLRQV�RI�D�0LON\�:D\�PDVV�JDOD[\�LQ�D�IXOO\� FRVPRORJLFDO�VHWWLQJ�XVLQJ�WKH�DGDSWLYH�PHVK�UHILQHPHQW�FRGH��(Q]R��DQG�VWXG\�WKH�NLQHPDWLFV�RI�JDV� LQ�WKH�VLPXODWHG�JDODFWLF�KDOR��:H�ILQG�WKDW�WKH�JDV�LQIORZ�RFFXUV�PRVWO\�DORQJ�ILODPHQWDU\�VWUXFWXUHV�LQ� WKH�KDOR��7KH�ZDUP�KRW���� � �.���7����� � �.��DQG�KRW��7�!��� � �.��LRQL]HG�JDVHV�DUH�IRXQG�WR�GRPLQDWH� WKH�RYHUDOO�PDVV�DFFUHWLRQ�LQ�WKH�V\VWHP��ZLWK�G0�GW� �����0BVRODU�\U��RYHU�D�ODUJH�UDQJH�RI�GLVWDQFHV�� H[WHQGLQJ�IURP�WKH�YLULDO�UDGLXV�WR�WKH�YLFLQLW\�RI�WKH�GLVN��0RVW�RI�WKH�LQIORZLQJ�JDV��E\�PDVV��GRHV�QRW� FRRO��DQG�WKH�VPDOO�IUDFWLRQ�WKDW�PDQDJHV�WR�FRRO�GRHV�VR�SULPDULO\�FORVH�WR�WKH�JDOD[\��5��a����NSF��� SHUKDSV�FRPSULVLQJ�WKH�QHXWUDO�JDV�WKDW�PD\�EH�GHWHFWDEOH�DV��H�J���KLJK�YHORFLW\�FORXGV��7KH�QHXWUDO� FORXGV�DUH�HPEHGGHG�ZLWKLQ�ODUJHU��DFFUHWLQJ�ILODPHQWDU\�IORZV��DQG�UHSUHVHQW�RQO\�D�VPDOO�IUDFWLRQ�RI� WKH�WRWDO�PDVV�LQIORZ�UDWH��7KH�LQIORZLQJ�JDV�KDV�UHODWLYHO\�ORZ�PHWDOOLFLW\��=�=BVRODU���������7KH�RXWHU� OD\HUV�RI�WKH�ILODPHQWDU\�LQIORZV�DUH�KHDWHG�GXH�WR�FRPSUHVVLRQ�DV�WKH\�DSSURDFK�WKH�GLVN��,Q�DGGLWLRQ� WR�WKH�LQIORZ��ZH�ILQG�KLJK�YHORFLW\��PHWDO�HQULFKHG�RXWIORZV�RI�KRW�JDV�GULYHQ�E\�VXSHUQRYD�IHHGEDFN�� 2XU�UHVXOWV�DUH�FRQVLVWHQW�ZLWK�REVHUYDWLRQV�RI�KDOR�JDV�DW�ORZ�]� VRXUFH��DU[LY�RUJ�DUFKLYH�DVWURSK
*DV�$FFUHWLRQ�LV�'RPLQDWHG�E\�:DUP�,RQL]HG�*DV�LQ� 0LON\�:D\�0DVV�*DOD[LHV�DW�]�a�� 0��5\DQ�-RXQJ��0DU\�(��3XWPDQ��*UHJ�/��%U\DQ��;LPHQD�)HUQDQGH]��-��(��*�� -DUJRQ�DOHUW� 3HHN��&ROXPELD�8� :H�SHUIRUP�KLJK�UHVROXWLRQ�K\GURG\QDPLF�VLPXODWLRQV�RI�D�0LON\�:D\�PDVV�JDOD[\�LQ�D�IXOO\� FRVPRORJLFDO�VHWWLQJ�XVLQJ�WKH�DGDSWLYH�PHVK�UHILQHPHQW�FRGH��(Q]R��DQG�VWXG\�WKH�NLQHPDWLFV�RI�JDV� LQ�WKH�VLPXODWHG�JDODFWLF�KDOR��:H�ILQG�WKDW�WKH�JDV�LQIORZ�RFFXUV�PRVWO\�DORQJ�ILODPHQWDU\�VWUXFWXUHV�LQ� WKH�KDOR��7KH�ZDUP�KRW���� � �.���7����� � �.��DQG�KRW��7�!��� � �.��LRQL]HG�JDVHV�DUH�IRXQG�WR�GRPLQDWH� WKH�RYHUDOO�PDVV�DFFUHWLRQ�LQ�WKH�V\VWHP��ZLWK�G0�GW� �����0BVRODU�\U��RYHU�D�ODUJH�UDQJH�RI�GLVWDQFHV�� H[WHQGLQJ�IURP�WKH�YLULDO�UDGLXV�WR�WKH�YLFLQLW\�RI�WKH�GLVN��0RVW�RI�WKH�LQIORZLQJ�JDV��E\�PDVV��GRHV�QRW� FRRO��DQG�WKH�VPDOO�IUDFWLRQ�WKDW�PDQDJHV�WR�FRRO�GRHV�VR�SULPDULO\�FORVH�WR�WKH�JDOD[\��5��a����NSF��� SHUKDSV�FRPSULVLQJ�WKH�QHXWUDO�JDV�WKDW�PD\�EH�GHWHFWDEOH�DV��H�J���KLJK�YHORFLW\�FORXGV��7KH�QHXWUDO� FORXGV�DUH�HPEHGGHG�ZLWKLQ�ODUJHU��DFFUHWLQJ�ILODPHQWDU\�IORZV��DQG�UHSUHVHQW�RQO\�D�VPDOO�IUDFWLRQ�RI� WKH�WRWDO�PDVV�LQIORZ�UDWH��7KH�LQIORZLQJ�JDV�KDV�UHODWLYHO\�ORZ�PHWDOOLFLW\��=�=BVRODU���������7KH�RXWHU� OD\HUV�RI�WKH�ILODPHQWDU\�LQIORZV�DUH�KHDWHG�GXH�WR�FRPSUHVVLRQ�DV�WKH\�DSSURDFK�WKH�GLVN��,Q�DGGLWLRQ� WR�WKH�LQIORZ��ZH�ILQG�KLJK�YHORFLW\��PHWDO�HQULFKHG�RXWIORZV�RI�KRW�JDV�GULYHQ�E\�VXSHUQRYD�IHHGEDFN�� 2XU�UHVXOWV�DUH�FRQVLVWHQW�ZLWK�REVHUYDWLRQV�RI�KDOR�JDV�DW�ORZ�]� VRXUFH��DU[LY�RUJ�DUFKLYH�DVWURSK
(QWHU��$VWURELWHV� ���
(QWHU��$VWURELWHV� 8QGHUVWDQGDEOH�WLWOH &DWHJRU\�OLQNV 'LUHFW�OLQN�WR�DVWUR�SK�DUWLFOH ���
'HVLJQHG�IRU� XQGHUJUDGXDWH�VWXGHQWV��� ���LQWHUHVWHG�LQ� DVWURQRPLFDO�UHVHDUFK���
���E\�JUDGXDWH�VWXGHQWV ���UHJXODU�DXWKRUV�DW����JUDGXDWH� ” LQVWLWXWLRQV�ZRUOGZLGH
���E\�JUDGXDWH�VWXGHQWV ���UHJXODU�DXWKRUV�DW����JUDGXDWH� ” LQVWLWXWLRQV�ZRUOGZLGH � LQFOXGLQJ���DW�+DUYDUG ”
DVWURELWHV�FRP
DVWURELWHV�FRP
DVWURELWHV�FRP &20,1*�6221��$VWURELWHV�&RQIHUHQFH�
)RXQGLQJ� $VWURELWHV ,DQ�&]HNDOD
” DVWUR�SK�LV�D�SUHSULQW�VHUYHU�IRU�DVWURSK\VLFV ” JUDGXDWH�VWXGHQWV�DUH�HQFRXUDJHG�WR�UHDG�LW�GDLO\
:KDW�LV� $VWURELWHV" 6XNULW�5DQMDQ
2WKHU�.H\�7\SHV�RI�3RVWV ” :KDW�V�JRLQJ�RQ��TXLFN�QRWHV�� FXUUHQW�HYHQWV | .HSOHU�VSDFH�PLVVLRQ�H[WHQVLRQ ” :KDW�V�LW�OLNH��3HUVRQDO� ([SHULHQFHV -DFNVRQ�+ROH��:<�(66�,,�&RQIHUHQFH | &RQIHUHQFHV | *DS�\HDUV ” +RZ�WR�JHW�WKHUH��&DUHHU� $GYLFH | +RZ�WR�JHW�LQWR�JUDG�VFKRRO | 0HQWDO�+HDOWK 3URI��-RKQ�-RKQVRQ�&DOWHFK�*XHVW�$XWKRU
2UJDQL]LQJ� $VWURELWHV &RXUWQH\�'UHVVLQJ
7HDP�2UJDQL]DWLRQ 7HDP�2UJDQL]DWLRQ ” :H¶G�ORYH�WR�PHHW�LQ�SHUVRQ :H¶G�ORYH�WR�PHHW�LQ�SHUVRQ � � � � � � � � � � � EXW�ZH¶UH�D�OLWWOH�WRR�IDU�DSDUW� � � � � � � � � � EXW�ZH�UH�D�OLWWOH�WRR�IDU�DSDUW�
:KR�5HDGV� $VWURELWHV" 0DULD�'URXW
)RXU�%DVLF�4XHVWLRQV� ” +RZ�PDQ\�UHDGHUV�GRHV�DVWURELWHV�KDYH" ” :KR�DUH�WKH\" ” :KHUH�DUH�WKH\" ” +RZ�GLG�WKH\�KHDU�DERXW�DVWURELWHV" $VVHVV�ZLWK�� � ” *RRJOH�$QDO\WLFV ” 5HDGHU�V�6XUYH\
+RZ�0DQ\�5HDGHUV"
+RZ�0DQ\�5HDGHUV" $SULO������� 3DJHYLHZV�������� ” 9LVLWV�������� ” 8QLTXH�9LVLWRUV�������� ” � � %87��� � ����RI�UHDGHUV�DFFHVV� DVWURELWHV�WKURXJK�DQ�H�PDLO� DOHUW�V\VWHP�
:KR�$UH�7KH\" �<RX�JX\V�URFN��,�G�ORYH�WR�EH�SDUW�RI�DVWURELWHV� VRPHGD\�ZKHQ�,�JHW�WR�JUDG�VFKRRO��
:KHUH�$UH�7KH\" 0DUFK���$SULO���������������YLVLWV
:KHUH�$UH�7KH\" &RXQW\�7RWDOV� � 86$�������� 8.������� &DQDGD������� *HUPDQ\����� $XVWUDOLD����� ��� 0DOGLYHV��� 4DWDU��� 1DPLELD�� 2FW���1RY���������������YLVLWV������FRXQWULHV
:KHUH�$UH�7KH\" &RXQW\�7RWDOV� � 86$�������� 8.������� &DQDGD������� *HUPDQ\������� $XVWUDOLD������� ��� .HQ\D���� 7DQ]DQLD��� 0RQJROLD��� 0DUFK���$SULO����������������YLVLWV������FRXQWULHV
+RZ�'LG�7KH\�)LQG�8V"
$VWURELWHV�� %H\RQG�WKH�%ORJ (OLVDEHWK�1HZWRQ
0RUH�WKDQ�D�EORJ ” 6RFLDO�PHGLD | (QJDJLQJ�WKH�FRPPXQLW\ | ,QWHUDFWLQJ�PRUH�UHJXODUO\ ” &RQIHUHQFHV | 6KDULQJ�RXU�H[SHULHQFHV | &RQWULEXWLQJ�LQ�QHZ�ZD\V | $GYHUWLVLQJ�$VWURELWHV�� UHDFKLQJ�XQGHUJUDGXDWHV
6RFLDO�0HGLD 7ZLWWHU ” ����IROORZHUV | 3URIHVVLRQDO�DVWURQRPHUV | $VWURQRP\�HQWKXVLDVWV | 6FLHQFH�MRXUQDOLVWV ” 'LYHUVH�DXGLHQFH��IHZHU�VLWH� UHIHUUDOV��PRUH�UHDFK
&RQIHUHQFHV :KDW�LV�LW�OLNH�WR�DWWHQG�D�FRQIHUHQFH" ” &RQWULEXWLQJ�LQ�QHZ�ZD\V��OLYH�EORJJLQJ�� DWWHQGLQJ�SUHVV�FRQIHUHQFHV ” $GYHUWLVLQJ�$VWURELWHV������������������������� VKDULQJ�ZLWK�WKH����������������������������� FRPPXQLW\��UHDFKLQJ������������� XQGHUJUDGXDWHV
7KH�)XWXUH�RI� $VWURELWHV 1DWKDQ�6DQGHUV
$VWURELWHV�VSLQRIIV KWWS���FKHPELWHV�RUJ
$VWURELWHV�VSLQRIIV KWWS���FKHPELWHV�RUJ KWWS���DVWUROHDNV�ODPRVW�RUJ�
$VWURELWHV�VSLQRIIV KWWS���FKHPELWHV�RUJ KWWS���DVWUROHDNV�ODPRVW�RUJ� KWWS���ELRERWELWHV�RUJ�
Recommend
More recommend