5 th International Symposium on Foundations & Practice of Security October 25 - 26, 2012, Montreal, QC, Canada QoS Aware Adaptive Security Scheme for Video Streaming in MANETs Tahsin Reza and Prof. Michel Barbeau School of Computer Scienece, Carleton University
Contents • Problem overview • Contributions • Simulation results • Conclusion and Future work
Problem overview • Multimedia streaming in MANETs • Confidentiality of video data – Cryptography • Overhead caused by cryptography affects streaming performance • Possibilities of selective encryption [1-3], adaptive security [4,5], and properties of multimedia services
Evaluation: Cumulative packet scheduling delay Indices (These results are obtained from our earlier work [6])
Key contributions: Adaptive mechanisms 1. Fixed frame rate and adaptive crypto scheme 2. Optional inter coded frame encryption 3. Optional inter coded frame transmission 4. Frame rate adaptation • Crypto scheme:
1. Fixed frame rate and adaptive crypto scheme • Each station maintains a pre-populated cryptography performance profile (crypto scheme: encryption / decryption throughput) • Receiver provides periodic feedback (decryption throughput, packet rate, transmission delay) • Crypto Threshold, ( indicates the maximum time allowed for a video data unit (slice, frame or a GOP) to spend in cryptography operations) • Sender calculates crypto delay, • If is not satisfied, cypto scheme is changed to meet
Example: Cryptography performance profile
1. Fixed frame rate and adaptive crypto scheme (continued) Two ECDH based rekeying techniques: 1. Only the source renews its key – requires one way communications 2. Both parties renew their keys – requires two way communications
1. Fixed frame rate and adaptive crypto scheme (continued) 5 36 Nodes | MP-OLSR | 802.11e | H.264/AVC [6]
1. Fixed frame rate and adaptive crypto scheme (continued)
2. Optional inter coded frame encryption Crypto scheme and frame rate are fixed. Encrypting frames containing inter coded macroblocks (e.g., P and B-frames) are optional.
2. Optional inter coded frame encryption (continued) 36 Nodes | MP-OLSR | 802.11e | H.264/AVC
3. Optional inter coded frame transmission • Crypto scheme is fixed and all the transmitted video data must be encrypted. • It is optional to encrypt and transmit video frames containing inter coded macroblocks (e.g., P and B-frames).
3. Optional inter coded frame transmission (continued) 36 Nodes | MP-OLSR | 802.11e | H.264/AVC
4. Frame rate adaptation we replace TP dec in PKT fb by cumulative decryption time and considers cumulative encryption time as well and
4. Frame rate adaptation (continued) 36 Nodes | MP-OLSR | 802.11e | H.264/AVC @30 fps
Conclusion
Future work • We have only considered H.264/AVC and unicasting. The concept can be extended for H. 264/SVC and 3D/Stereoscopic video coding and multicasting. • An algorithm to determine the value of Crypto Threshold based on network and application parameters. • Using Multi Criteria Decision Making approach (e.g., AHP) to realize multidimensional (e.g., adapting security and QoS parameters simultaneously) adaptation decisions.
References [1] G. Spanos and T. Maples. Performance Study of a Selective Encryption Scheme for the Security of Networked, Real-Time Video. Fourth International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, pages xviii+683, September 1995. [2] J. Meyer and F. Gadegast. Security mechanisms for Multimedia data with the Example MPEG-1 video, Project description of SECMPEG. 2000. [3] L. Tang. Methods for encrypting and decrypting MPEG video data efficiently. In Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Multimedia (MULTIMEDIA), pages 219{229, New York, NY, USA, 1996. ACM. [4] R. Iqbal, S. Shahabuddin, and S. Shirmohammadi. Compressed-domain spatial adaptation resilient perceptual encryption of live H.264 video. In 10th International Conference on Information Sciences Signal Processing and their Applications (ISSPA), pages 472{475, May 2010. [5] M. Ben Mahmoud, N. Larrieu, A. Pirovano, and A. Varet. An adaptive security architecture for future aircraft communications. In IEEE/AIAA 29th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), pages 3.E.2{1{3.E.2{16, October 2010. [6] T. Reza. QoS Aware Adaptive Security Scheme for Video Streaming in MANETs. Master's thesis, School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2012. http://people.scs.carleton.ca/~barbeau/Theses/Tashin_Reza.pdf.
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