[PPT] - Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 1

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area N Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks ( etworks (WPANs WPANs) )

Submission Title: [Samsung Electronics (SAIT) CFP Presentation] Date Submitted: [4 January, 2005] Source: [(1) Young-Hwan Kim, Chia-Chin Chong, Su Khiong Yong, Jae-Hyon Kim, Seong-Soo Lee (2) A. S. Dmitriev, A. I. Panas, S.O. Starkov, Yu.V. Andreyev, E.V. Efremova, L.V. Kuzmin (3) Haksun Kim, Jaesung Cha] Company: [(1) Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT)) (2) Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics (IRE) (3) Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.] Address: [(1) RF Technology Group, Comm. & Networking Lab., P. O. Box 111, Suwon 440-600, Korea. (2) Russian Academy of Sciences, 11 Mokhovaya Street, Moscow 103907, Russia Federation. (3) 314, Maetan-3Dong, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea 443-743] Voice: [+82-31-280-6865], FAX: [+82-31-280-9555], E-Mail: [chiachin.chong@samsung.com] Re: [Response to IEEE 802.15.4a Call for Proposals (04/380r2)] Abstract: [Proposal for the IEEE 802.15.4a PHY standard based on the UWB direct chaotic communications technology.] Purpose: [Proposal for the IEEE 802.15.4a PHY standard.] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

SLIDE 2

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 2

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Samsung Electronics (SAIT) CFP Presentation for IEEE 802.15.4a Alternative PHY

Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Korea

UWB Direct Chaotic Communication System

SLIDE 3

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 3

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 4

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 4

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal (1)

Simple circuits

– Chaotic signal can be generated directly into the desired microwave band by a chaotic generator

Low cost implementation

– The simple circuit leads to low cost product

Multipath resistance

– Wideband signal is very immune against multipath fading

Good spectral properties

– Non-periodic with a flat (or tailored) spectrum

Flexibility

– Chaotic radio pulse with different time duration can have the same bandwidth

SLIDE 5

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 5

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal (2)

Time, ns Amplitude Time, ns Time, ns Amplitude

Frequency, GHz PSD, dB Frequency, GHz Frequency, GHz PSD, dB

SLIDE 6

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 6

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal (3)

f S(f) ∆f T 3T t t

SLIDE 7

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 7

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Direct Chaotic Communication (DCC)

Chaotic source generates oscillations directly

in a specified microwave band.

Information component is put into the chaotic

carrier using the stream chaotic radio pulses.

Information is retrieved from the chaotic radio

pulses without intermediate heterodyning.

Most simple non-coherent receiver is used.

SLIDE 8

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 8

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Direct Chaos Generator Binary Information

Frequency Spectrum Time Signal

Chaotic Radio Pulse

Direct Chaotic Signal Generation

SLIDE 9

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 9

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Oscillator circuit Experiment device

Chaotic Generator Model

SLIDE 10

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 10

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Chaotic Mathematical Model

2nd order differential equation implemented by

ODE with 4.5 freedom

4 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 1 1

) ( x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x mF x x T

α

= ω + α + α = ω + α + α = ω + α + ω = ω + α + = +

System Equations Runge-Kutta Method

y(1) = (m*Fx5 - X1)/T; y(2) = W1*W1*(X1- X3); y(3) = X2 - A1*X3; y(4) = A2*y3-W2*W2*X5; y(5) = X4 - A2*X5; y(6) = A3*y(5)-W3*W3*X7; y(7) = X6 - A3*X7; y(8) = A4*y(7)-W4*W4*X9; y(9) = X8 - A4*X9;

⎥ ⎦ ⎤ ⎢ ⎣ ⎡ + − − + − − + = 2 ) (

2 2 1 1

e z e z e z e z M z F

Nonlinearity

SLIDE 11

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 11

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 12

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 12

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

3 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Freq, GHz Power Spectrum, dBm/MHz FCC Spectrum Mask for UWB

5 GHz WLAN 2.4 GHz WLAN, Bluetooth

41.3

25

GPS 0.96-1.61

Frequency Band Plan (1)

SLIDE 13

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 13

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Frequency Band Plan (2)

Operating Frequency: 3.1–5.1 GHz
Why Lower Band?

– Limitation in the technical capabilities of integrated circuit implementation at higher frequency. – Limit of low cost ICs beyond 6 GHz. – Prevent coexistence with 5 GHz WLAN band. – Use as much bandwidth as possible to maximize the emitted power and follows FCC rules i.e. >500MHz.

Can be easily change to use higher band if

necessary or when cheap technologies available in the future.

SLIDE 14

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 14

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

3 4 5 Freq, GHz 3 4 5 Freq, GHz

Subband fc, GHz fL, GHz fR, GHz 1 3,35 3,1 3,6 2 3,85 3,6 4,1 3 4,35 4,1 4,6 4 4,85 4,6 5,1

500 MHz bandwidth at –10 dB
Spaced 500 MHz away

4 sub-bands for 4 simultaneously

perating piconets (SOPs)

Frequency Band Plan (3)

SLIDE 15

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 15

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

FCC UWB Emission Mask

Frequency, GHz UWB EIRP Emission Level in dBm

SLIDE 16

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 16

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Modulation Schemes

Various modulation schemes can be

deployed:

– On-off-keying (OOK) – Differential-chaos-shift-keying (DCSK) – Pulse-position modulation (PPM)

SLIDE 17

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 17

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Why OOK ?

Advantages:

– It has less complexity – It has 3 dB more energy efficiency that PPM & DCSK → battery saving – DCSK waste of 3 dB energy on reference pulses

Disadvantages:

– It requires non-zero threshold

SLIDE 18

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 18

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

energy-per-bit distributions “1” “0” “0” constant threshold energy-per-bit distributions At maximum distance (i.e. 30 m) → minimum SNR At minimum distance (i.e. 1 m) → maximum SNR

Eb/N0 Eb/N0

Once set, threshold is constant!

“1”

Threshold Estimation

SLIDE 19

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 19

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

DCC-OOK Transmitter & Receiver

Direct Chaos Generator …1001011

Receiver Transmitter

Threshold decision

(…)2

Envelope detector

Multipath Channel

SLIDE 20

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 20

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

DCC-OOK Transceiver Architecture (1)

Very simple modulation scheme: on-off power supply is used for

modulation

Additional power saving

Baseband Processor MAC

SRAM TX RF Part ADC

1 7

;

2 6

;

1 2 3 7 5 5 4 3 4 6

RX RF Part

SLIDE 21

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 21

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

DCC-OOK Transceiver Architecture (2)

Transmitter RF Part Receiver RF Part

Chaotic Oscillator Piconet Filter Power Amplifier To switch Envelope Detector Piconet Filter LNA From switch

SLIDE 22

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 22

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

2 4 6 8 10

60
50
40
30
20
10

Frequency [GHz] Normalized Power Spectral Density

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 x 10

6
5
4
3
2
1

1 2 3 4

Time (s) Amplitude

Signal Waveforms and Spectrum

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

1.5
1
0.5

0.5 1 1.5

Time, t [ns] Amplitude 5 10 15

60
50
40
30
20
10

Frequency [GHz] Normalized Power Spectral Density

Signal of chaotic generator OOK modulated signal

SLIDE 23

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 23

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Data Frame Structure

PPDU

Octets:

PHY Layer Preamble Sequence 4 1 Frame Length SFD 1 SHR PHR PSDU MPDU

32

Frame Control Address Field Data Payload FCS

Octets:

2 1 4-20 2 MAC Sublayer n MHR MSDU MFR

38 Octets:

MHR : MAC Header MFR : MAC Footer SHR : Synchronization Header PHR : PHY Header Seq. No.

SLIDE 24

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 24

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

PHY Data Frame Structure

Preamble SFD PHR PSDU

4 + 1 + 1 Bytes 32 Bytes 1 0 bits Ts Tm Ts = 100 ns : Pulse emission time Tm = 200 ns : Pulse bin width or Bit period Tm Ts

PPDU (38 Bytes)

Nominal PHY-SAP payload bit rate, X0 = (1/200ns)×(1000/1024) = 4.88Mbps

SLIDE 25

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 25

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Data Throughput

Data Frame 1 (38 bytes) Data Frame 2 (38 bytes) ACK (11 bytes) t ACK

LIFS

Time for acknowledged transmission, ttransmission

ttransmission = tdata-frame + t ACK + t ACK-frame + LIFS = (38×8×200ns) + 40µs + (11×8×200ns) + 90µs = 208.4µs

t data-frame t ACK-frame

Nominal Data Throughput, T0 = (32×8/208.4µs)×(1000/1024) = 1.2Mbps

…

Packet 1

SLIDE 26

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 26

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Example of Operation at 1 kbps (1)

There are 2 methods of operation in order to

achieve 1 kbps data rate:

1. The device transmits several packets in

succession, so that the overall data volume is 1kbit i.e. 1024 bits, then falls silent till the beginning of the next second.

2. The device transmits one packet of data at a time

with long pauses between the packets, so that total data volume over 1 second is 1kbit. In the beginning of the next second the device wakes up and transmits another 1kbit portion of data.

SLIDE 27

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 27

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Example of Operation at 1 kbps (2)

ttransmission

Packet 1 Packet 2 Packet 3 Packet 4 1024 bits in 1 second

tidle-1kbps

To achieve effective data rates of 1 kbps using 32-bytes PSDU, 4 packets need to be

transmitted in 1 second.

The idle time for the above system is tidle-1kbps ≈ 250 ms.

SLIDE 28

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 28

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Data Rates and Range

System supports data rates:

1 kbps
10 kbps
1 Mbps
40 kbps (optional)
160 kbps (optional)
Aggregated bit rate up to 5 Mbps

System supports ranges:

Range from 0 to 30 m (typical)
Range up to 100 m (max 10 kbps data rate)

SLIDE 29

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 29

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 30

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 30

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Ts = 100 ns, Tm = 200 ns Ts Tm

Signal structure (OOK)

AWGN Channel

Eb/N0, dB BER

AWGN Performance

SLIDE 31

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 31

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Ts = 100 ns, Tm = 200 ns

time, ns

Ts Tm

Signal structure

Multipath channels

Eb/N0, dB BER

Multipath Performance (1)

SLIDE 32

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 32

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

PER Eb/N0, dB

Multipath Performance (2)

Multipath channels

SLIDE 33

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 33

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 34

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 34

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

SOP

Two methods to achieve SOP:
1. Frequency division multiplexing (FDM)
Four independent frequency channels on 500

MHz guaranties simultaneously operating four piconets with aggregated bit rate up to 5 Mbps in each of them

2. Code division multiplexing (CDM)

SLIDE 35

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 35

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

3 4 5 Freq, GHz 3 4 5 Freq, GHz

Subband fc, GHz fL, GHz fR, GHz 1 3,35 3,1 3,6 2 3,85 3,6 4,1 3 4,35 4,1 4,6 4 4,85 4,6 5,1

500 MHz bandwidth at –10 dB
Spaced 500 MHz away

4 sub-bands for 4 simultaneously

perating piconets (SOPs)

SOP: FDM

SLIDE 36

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 36

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

SOP: CDM

Piconet 1

ne bit position

200 ns

“1” “0”

chaotic radio pulse
silence

Piconet 2 Piconet 3 Piconet 4

Within each piconet, the codes are orthogonal.
Between piconets, codes are not orthogonal, however are separable.
Piconets are independent.
Adding signal of one other piconet doesn’t cause errors.

System of codes

SLIDE 37

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 37

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

SOP: CDM (2)

1. Received and detected signal is divided in two branches where it

is multiplied by mask corresponding to “1” or “0”. Each piconet has its own masks, defined by the piconet code.

2. Energy in every branch is measured.
3. Decision on “1” or “0” depends on which branch has higher

energy.

SLIDE 38

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 38

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 39

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 39

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Ranging Algorithm (1)

yes yes yes no start both pulse sources & counter N3 no 1st delayed pulse? start counter N1 1st overlap match? stop N1 & N3, start N2 last overlap match? no stop N2, calculate Tx

Counter N1 counts delayed pulses
Counter N2 counts overlaps between

delayed pulses(2.5000 MHz) and reference pulses(2.5125 MHz)

Counter N3 counts reference pulses

2.5125 MHz Pulse source 2.5000 MHz Pulse source N3 N1 Overlap detector N2 delay

Digital Block

SLIDE 40

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 40

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Overlapping of Delayed & Reference Pulses

Delayed pulse Reference pulse Pulse overlap

SLIDE 41

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 41

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Ranging Algorithm (2)

t0 t1 t2 t3 С1 С2 С3 Tx N1 N2 N3 Tx= (N3+0.5∗N2)/f1 – (N1+0.5∗N2)/f0 distance S = 0.5*c*(Tx-τ0) N1, N2, N3 – pulse numbers τ0 – retranslation time Operation time of counters C1,C2,C3.

t* *

SLIDE 42

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 42

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Effect of Jitter on Ranging Precision

jitter, ns ranging error variance, cm time, ns

ns 98 . 4 = σ

Pulse Jitter

1000 estimates 100 series of 10 averaged estimates

SLIDE 43

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 43

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Effect of Noise on Ranging Precision

Eb/N0, dB Precision, cm

SLIDE 44

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 44

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 45

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 45

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Power Consumption (1)

Tx Rx CU Transceiver

Pe is emitted power, η is efficiency, ηbest is the best of all possible efficiencies, Pin is instantaneous emission power, Te is time of emission for given transmission rate, Tbit is duration of one bit, V is transmission rate, Cb is battery capacity, Ub is battery voltage.

Operation time Toper

Control Unit

Toper = Cb · Ub / Pav Pav = PTx + PRx + PCU PTx = Pe / η PRx = Pe / ηbest Pe = Pin · Te = 1/4 · Pin · Tbit · V Average power consumption Pav

SLIDE 46

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 46

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

16.4 0.1% duty cycle 8 mW 2·10-1 1000 15 10% duty cycle 87.5 µW 2·10-3 10 8.3 100% duty cycle 15.5 µW 2·10-4 1

Continuous operation time AAA battery, years Average Power Consumption Pav (η = 5%) Average Emitted Power Pe, mW Transmissio n Rate V, kbps PCU = 7.5 µW ; Ub = 1.5 V ; Cb = 750 mAh

Example:

Pin = 4 mW ; ηbest = 5%;

V = 1 kbps; Tbit = 200 ns; η = 5%

Pe = 1/4 · Pin · Tbit · V = 0.2 µW Pav = PTx + PRx + PCU = Pe /η + Pe /ηbest + PCU = 15.5 µW

Power Consumption (2)

SLIDE 47

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 47

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Power Management Modes

Filter Filter Detector Detector

Wake Up Radio Wake Up Signal

Main Transceiver/Receiver Correlator Detector Power

Wake Up Structure

SLIDE 48

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 48

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 49

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 49

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Link Budget & Sensitivity

SLIDE 50

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 50

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 51

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 51

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission Chaotic Generator Piconet Filter Modulator (OOK) Power Amplifier information Antenna Switch Low Noise Amplifier Piconet Filter Detector ( ⋅ )2 Low Pass filter Recover Information Probing Generator 2.5000 MHz Ref. Generator 2.5125 MHz Counter 1 Counter 2 Counter 3 DSP Block

Baseband (Digital)

Ranging Architecture

Range

RF

PHY MAC

Transceiver Architecture

Wake up Sleep

SLIDE 52

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 52

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Unit Manufacturing Cost & Complexity (1)

RF part of the transceiver:

– Chaos oscillator in 3.1-5.1 GHz frequency band with 10 dBm output power amplifier (common complexity is equivalent to 4 power amplifiers) – Switch-modulator – LNA (amplification 30-35 dB) – Tunable filter with bandwidth 500 MHz (in band 3.1-5.1 GHz) – Envelope detector – Antennas – No: mixers, correlators, RF VCO

SLIDE 53

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 53

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Unit Manufacturing Cost & Complexity (2)

Baseband part of the transceiver:

– Reference oscillator – 20 MHz – Bandpass amplifiers – Threshold detector or 4 bit A/D converter – Frequency Synthesizer on 2.5125 MHz (for ranging) – Digital part with ~ 10K gates

SLIDE 54

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 54

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Size & Form Factor

PHY–level (130 nm technology)

RF part of transceiver

< 0.3 mm2

Analog part of transceiver PHY–level baseband

< 0.2 mm2

Digital part of transceiver PHY–level baseband

< 0.3 mm2 ____________________________________________________

Common layout square for PHY-level < 1.0 mm2
Antenna: 2.0 x 2.0 cm2

SLIDE 55

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 55

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Technical Feasibility (1)

UWB DCC-OOK Test-bed

SLIDE 56

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 56

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Technical Feasibility (2)

DCC-OOK Experiment: 3.1-5.1 GHz

SLIDE 57

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 57

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 58

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 58

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Scaling Parameters

Scalability is the tradeoff between

– Bit rate – Power consumption – Range – Complexity / Cost

PHY mechanisms used

– Transmit power control

Used with local Link Quality Indication/RSSI

– Dynamic frequency selection

Invoked if link quality falls below some threshold
Applications (Samsung)

– Home usage/Smart home (1kbps - 20 to 30m) – Communication and networking (1kbps - 20 to 30m) – Directly also means type of multipath channel

SLIDE 59

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 59

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

What can be scaled?

Power consumption (depending on the occupancy of the

bandwidth of the chaotic signal, say 75%) – Scalable up to 0.11mW based on data rate and distance – Packet transmission followed by sleep mode – Duty cycle

Data rate

– Scalable from 1kbps – 1Mbps

Range:

– Scalable with coding, lower bit duration (up to the optimum value), power consumption.

Complexity

– Lower complexity, lower performance system possible – Scale with future CMOS process improvements

SLIDE 60

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 60

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 61

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 61

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Self-Evaluation

+ A 5.11 Power Consumption + A 5.10 Power Management & Modes + A 5.9 Sensitivity + A 5.8 Link Budget + A 5.7 Ranging + A 5.6 System Performance + A 5.4 Simultaneous Operating Piconets + A 5.3.1 PHY-SAP Payload Bit Rate and Data Throughput + A 5.2 Size and Form Factor + A 3.5 Scalability + A 3.4 Technical Feasibility + A 3.1 Unit Manufacturing Complexity Proposer Response Importance Level Ref. Criteria

SLIDE 62

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 62

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

Characteristics of Chaotic Signal
Principle of Direct Chaotic Communications (DCC)
PHY Layer Proposal
System Performance
Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Power Consumption & Power Management Modes
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Scalability
Self-Evaluation
Conclusion

SLIDE 63

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 63

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Conclusions

Chaotic communications meet the low power,

low cost & low complexity requirements → best suited for 15.4a applications.

Proposed DCC-OOK compliant with FCC

UWB PSD regulation.

Feasibility and scalability are guaranteed with

precision ranging and SOP capabilities.

The implemented test bed demonstrated that

the feasibility of DCC technology.

SLIDE 64

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 64

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Backup Slides

SLIDE 65

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 65

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Summary of Features

Up to 5 Mbps Aggregated bit rate 2.5 year 0.1% duty cycle 2.5 year 10% duty cycle 2.5 year 100% duty cycle Battery life

20 dBm
20 dBm
30 dBm

Transmit power 100 Kbps 10 Kbps 1 Kbps Individual bit rate 200 ns Pulse duration 4 channels with 500 MHz in each 2.0 GHz band Channel bandwidth 3 bands within FCC Mask (3.1-5.1, 6.1-8.1 and 8.2-10.2 GHz) Band division Chaotic radio pulses Information carrier

SLIDE 66

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 66

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Tiny Chaos Transmitter for Wireless Communications

Transmitter consists of:

chaos generator
modulator
antenna

Frequency band - 2-4 GHz Radiating power - 3-4 mw

SLIDE 67

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 67

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

DCSK: Compatible Modulation Scheme for Direct Chaotic Communication

SLIDE 68

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 68

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Outline

General Overview
Characteristics of DCSK
Principle of Differential Chaotic Shift Keying

(DCSK) Modulation

Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOP)
Ranging Technique
Scalability
Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility
Link Budget & Sensitivity
Conclusion

SLIDE 69

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 69

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

General Overview

Direct Chaotic Signal can be applied to

the Differential Chaos Shift Keying (DCSK) modulation scheme as an alternative to OOK DCC

The Chaotic properties are maintained

as in the case of the OOK

SLIDE 70

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 70

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Characteristics of DCSK

Direct Chaotic Shift Keying (DCSK)

– same data rate as in the proposed OOK – Constant decision threshold in the receiver – SOP can be achieved by transmitting different Chaotic pulse length

SLIDE 71

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 71

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Principle of DCSK Modulation(1)

DCSK transmits a reference chaotic

pulse and an information data pulse depending on whether information bit 1 (same ref. chaotic pulse) or 0 (inverted

f the chaotic pulse) is being

transmitted

The information signal can be recovered

by a correlator.

SLIDE 72

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 72

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Principle of DCSK Modulation (2)

Transmitter Receiver

Chaotic Generator Delay T/2

1

Data Bit Stream Delay T/2 Integrator T/2 T T/2 Threshold

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 10

5

10

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10 Eb/No BER OOK DCSK 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 10

5

10

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10 Eb/No BER OOK Vs DCSK

SLIDE 73

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 73

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

SOP (1)

In DCSK SOP can be done using

Chaotic Length Division Multiple Access (LDMA)

LDMA works based on the exploitation
f different chaotic length assigned to

each piconets.

LDMA is based on the spectral and

correlation property of chaotic signal

SLIDE 74

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 74

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

SOP (2)

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

5

5 Piconet1 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

5

5 Piconet2 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

5

5 Piconet3 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

5

5 Piconet4 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

10

10 All

Pic one t Pic one t 1 1 Pic one t Pic one t 1 Use r 1 Use r De te c tion De te c tion Pic one t Pic one t 2 2 Pic one t Pic one t 3 3 Pic one t Pic one t 4 4

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

10

3

10

2

10

1

10 S /N BER 4 Us ers 8M bps 5M bps

SLIDE 75

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 75

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

D D T x T x

1

1

D D Rx Rx d d

Σ Σ

r
r

Da ta Bit Stre a m Da ta Bit Stre a m D = Constant, d = Variable D = Constant, d = Variable

Cha otic Cha otic Sourc e Sourc e

Variable Delay d

Chaotic DCSK Correlation Property

SOP (2)

SLIDE 76

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 76

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Ranging Technique

Ranging technique used is the same as

OOK proposal.

SLIDE 77

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 77

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Scalability (1)

Scalability can be achieved using

– Chaotic gain – Varying bit duration – Duty cycle – Repeated transmission of information bearing chip.

SLIDE 78

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 78

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Chaotic Gain in DCSK

20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10

10

3

10

2

10

1

10 S/N BER Gain 5Mbps 4Mbps 2Mbps

1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

5

5 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

5

5 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

5

5

Bit = 1 200 nsec 250 nsec 500 nsec 5 Mbps 4 Mbps 1 Mbps 1

Scalability (2)

SLIDE 79

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 79

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Scalability (3)

10 10

1

10

2

10

3

10

4

10

5

10

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10 Processing Gain Error Probability 5Mbps, 12dB 1Mbps,10dB 5Mbps, 10dB 1Mbps, 12dB

T T T

Duty Cycle Repeated transmission Bit duration

Scalability: varying bit duration

SLIDE 80

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 80

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Complexity, Cost & Technical Feasibility

Complexity and cost will be slightly

higher compare to the OOK chaotic system proposed

SLIDE 81

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 81

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Link Budget & Sensitivity

0.5 0.5 Code rate 20 2 Raw bit rate, kbps 44.5 44.5 Path loss at 1 m (L1), dB

109
119

Rx sensitivity level, dB 11.5 11.5 Link Margin at 30 m (M=PR-PN-S-I), dB 4 4 Implementation loss (I), dB 14 14 Minimum Eb/No (S), dB

127
137

Total average noise power per bit (PN=N+NF), dBm 7.0 7.0 Rx noise figure referred to the antenna terminal (NF), dB

134.0
144.0

Average noise power per bit (N=-174+10*log10(Rb)), dBm

97.5
107.5

Rx Power at 30 m (PR=PT+GT+GR-L1-L2), dBm

3
3

Rx antenna gain (GR), dB Tx antenna gain (GT), dB 30 30 Path loss at 30 m (L2), dB 3.35 3.35 Geometric central frequency Fc, GHz

20
30

Average Tx Power (PT), dBm

30
40

Duty cyrcle, dB 10 1 Throughput (Rb), Kbps Value Value Parameter

SLIDE 82

January 2005

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SAIT) Slide 82

doc.: IEEE 15-05-0030-00-004a

Submission

Conclusion

Chaotic communication based on DCSK

modulation is an alternative solution.

SOP and ranging can also be solved

using DCSK.

Hardware complexity is slightly higher