Progress towards graduation Session 1 Roland Mollerus Secretary - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Progress towards graduation Session 1

Roland Mollerus Secretary Committee for Development Policy (CDP) Glen Cove, 29 June 2018

Triennial review results– overview

12 LDCs meet the graduation criteria

– More countries than ever – Far below IPoA target

Graduation – past decisions

• Angola and Vanuatu

– Scheduled to graduate in 2021 and 2020

• Tuvalu

– Recommended by the CDP to graduate in 2012 – ECOSOC will consider (again) this year – CDP restated its recommendation in 2018

Graduation – recommendations (I)

• Bhutan, São Tomé and Príncipe and Solomon Islands meet criteria

for the second time

• Recommended for graduation
• Requests from Bhutan and São Tomé and Príncipe for longer

transition period

Graduation – recommendations 2018 (II)

• Kiribati meets criteria for the third consecutive time
• CDP recommends graduation, while acknowledging extreme

environmental vulnerability – Kiribati does no longer fulfill the characteristics of an LDC – LDC‐specific support measures are not adequately addressing the vulnerability

Graduation – deferred decisions

• Nepal and Timor‐Leste meet criteria for the second time.
• Deferral of decision to recommend to 2021

– Concerns about sustainability of progress of these two countries

Graduation – first eligibility 2018

• Bangladesh, Lao PDR and Myanmar meet the

criteria for the first time.

• They will be considered for graduation at the 2021

review, with a view to graduating in 2024.

• Progress in all three criteria; balanced path to

graduation

• CDP encourages early planning for graduation by

countries and international community

Context: Challenge for graduating countries

LDCs general concern of losing access to ISMs

(graduated countries may face reduced support or no longer have access to certain support measures in trade, official development assistance and other areas)

Uncertainty surrounding the loss of ISMs (lack of knowledge) LDC graduates still face development constraints and challenges

(The relative improvement in their situation does not imply that international support is no longer important).

Absence of link between results achieved by graduating countries, and incentives to encourage further results

So far, measures put in place by the international community are at best smooth transition measures (a delay in the loss of LDC‐specific support, rather than appropriate incentives designed for countries that are no longer going to be LDCs).

Opportunity

Identify an assistance package for graduating and recently graduated LDCs, including analytical inputs, advisory services and new forms of concrete development cooperation aimed at smoothing the impact of graduation.

Objectives of the assistance package i) Send a signal to countries that graduation is a positive moment in their development process; ii) Show with concrete assistance that the international community stands ready to support countries to transition to the next level of development and towards achieving the SDGs. Mandate General Assembly resolution A/RES/67/221 has recognized the challenges related to countries which are graduating and has reiterated “[…] the importance of ensuring that the graduation of a country from least developed country status does not cause disruption in the development progress which that country has achieved, and in this regard recognizes that the graduation process of least developed countries should include consideration of appropriate incentives and support measures […]”.

• Opportunities/challenges sustainable

graduation

• How to cope with phasing out ISMs
• Reduce dependence on external support
• Development partners focus in preparation of

graduation

Roland Mollerus mollerus@un.org

LDC criteria and indicators

Basic eligibility rules

• I nclusion
• Country meets inclusion thresholds for all three criteria
• Country must agree to its inclusion

No country recom m ended for inclusion in 2 0 1 8

• Graduation
• Country passes thresholds of any 2 criteria
• GNI and HAI ; or
• GNI and EVI ; or
• HAI and EVI .
• Or: Income > twice income graduation threshold
• Country must meet criteria at tw o consecutive review s
• No automatism: im pact assessm ent, vulnerability

profile, country view s taken into account

Application of criteria

Data collected for all 145 UN Member States in developing regions

• Most data from UN sources
• All data available at cdp.un.org

Thresholds: GNI per capita (2014‐2016 average, in $ using Atlas exchange rates)

• Inclusion: $1,025 and below
• Graduation: $1,230 and above
• ‘Income only’ graduation: $2,460 and above

Human assets index

• Inclusion: 60 and below
• Graduation: 66 and above

Economic vulnerability index

• Inclusion: 36 and above
• Graduation: 32 and below