Prevalence and Patterning of Multiple Malnutrition in Young - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Prevalence and Patterning of Multiple Malnutrition in Young - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 21, 2023 132 likes •388 views

Bristol University 12 th April 2018 Measuring and Mapping the Prevalence and Patterning of Multiple Malnutrition in Young Children Dr Marco Pomati and Dr Shailen Nandy School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University Overview Measuring and

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Bristol University 12th April 2018

Measuring and Mapping the Prevalence and Patterning of Multiple Malnutrition in Young Children

Dr Marco Pomati and Dr Shailen Nandy School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University

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Overview

  • Measuring and Mapping the Prevalence and Patterning of Multiple

Malnutrition in Young Children in West and Central Africa

  • Failure to grow and develop along expected trajectories
  • National and time distribution
  • Factors behind changes and lack of change
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Conventional Indicators of (child) undernutrition

  • Wasting – low weight for height (W/H)
  • Reflects recent/acute undernutrition
  • Stunting – low height for age (H/A)
  • Reflects longer term/chronic undernutrition
  • Underweight – low weight for age (W/A)
  • MDG1 target indicator
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A - No Failure B-Wasted Only C-Wasted & Underweight D-Wasted, Stunted & Underweight E-Stunted & Underweight F-Stunted Only

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A - No Failure B-Wasted Only C-Wasted & Underweight D-Wasted, Stunted & Underweight E-Stunted & Underweight F-Stunted Only

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No failure Stunted only Wasted only Underweight

  • nly

Stunted+ Underweight Wasted+Under weight Wasted, Stunted+ Underweight Upper CI 1 1.8 3.6 4.0 4.3 7.1 19.6 Lower CI 1 1.2 1.5 1.6 2.6 3.1 7.7 Pooled Mortality HR 1 1.5 2.3 2.5 3.4 4.7 12.3 5 10 15 20 25

Pooled HRs (95% CIs) for anthropometric status and all-cause mortality

Source: McDonald, C.M., et al. (2013), The effect of multiple anthropometric deficits on child mortality: meta-analysis of individual data in 10 prospective studies from developing countries. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 97(4): p. 896-901.

Multiple Malnutrition and Mortality

McDonald et al. (2013) show experience of multiple anthropometric deficits has a raised mortality risk, up to 12x for triple failure (compared to no failure).

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Svedberg, 2000

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5 10 15 20 25 1990 2003 2008 2013

%

E-Stunted & Underweight F-Stunted Only Stunted & Underweight

Nigeria

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5 10 15 20 25 1990 2003 2008 2013

%

B-Wasted Only C-Wasted & Underweight D-Wasted, Stunted & Underweight E-Stunted & Underweight F-Stunted Only Y-Underweight Only

Stunted & Underweight

Nigeria

Wasted & Underweight Wasted only Wasted, Stunted & Underweight

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1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000

1990 2003 2008 2013 B-Wasted Only C-Wasted & Underweight D-Wasted, Stunted & Underweight E-Stunted & Underweight F-Stunted Only Y-Underweight Only

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0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

No Failure Wasted Stunted Underweight Wasted & Underweight Stunted & Underweight Wasted & Stunted & Underweight

Nigeria (2013)

Rural Urban

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Multiple malnutrition (MM), poverty, morbidity and mortality Clear relationship between poverty and pattern of malnutrition (Children U5 yrs, India NFHS, 2005 data)

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Conclusion

  • Focus on occurrence of multiple forms of anthropometric failures at

the same time

  • Aim:
  • Give overall balanced view of improvements and lack of
  • Decompose changes in multiple malnutrition