Presentation on Lintels and Arches Presented by Nayem Bin Sayed - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Presentation on Lintels and Arches

Presented by

Nayem Bin Sayed Mehedi Hasan Rana

1

Lintels

 A lintel is a structural horizontal block that

spans the space or opening between two vertical supports. It can be a load-bearing building component, a decorative architectural element, or a combined

• rnamented structural item. It is often found
• ver portals, doors, windows, and fireplaces.

2

Types of lintels by materials

 Wooden lintels  Stone lintels  Brick lintels  Reinforced Brick lintels  Reinforced Concrete lintels  Steel lintels

3

Wooden lintels

Generally used in hilly

areas where timber is easily available

It is not fire proof The minimum depth

• f the lintel should be

7.6 cm.

4

Fig: Wooden lintels

Stone lintels

Commonly used in

stone districts

It is highly cost The thickness is taken

as 4 cm per 30 cm length of span

5

Fig: Stone lintels

Brick lintels

They are

considered suitable for small

• penings with

light loading conditions.

It is constructed

with hard, well burnt, first class bricks.

6

Fig: Brick lintels

Reinforced Brick Lintels



It is required in large span



The gap of bricks is filled with rich cement mortar

7

Reinforced Brick lintel

Reinforced concrete Lintels



It is used for durability, strength and fire resisting property.



It is used for bigger span and heavy loading.



It is constructed with 1:2:4 cement concrete reinforced with steel bar.

8

Fig: Reinforced Concrete lintel

Steel lintels

 It is used in a

large opening carrying heavy wall load is to be spanned by a lintel

 It consists of

section of rolled steel joists

 It is used singly

• r on a

combination of two or three.

9

Steel lintel

Arches

 An arch may be defined as mechanical arrangement of

wedge shaped blocks of stones or bricks mutually supporting each other and supported at the end by piers or abutments.

10

Arches

Technical terms

Abutment Arch ring Intrados Extrados Voussoirs Springing stone Springing line Crown Key stone Skew back Span Rise Springing points Depth Haunc Spandril

11

Types of arches by materials and construction

1.

Brick arches

2.

Stone arches

3.

Concrete arches

4.

Flat arches

5.

Semi circular arches

6.

Segmental arches

7.

Relieving arches

8.

Dutch or French arches

12

Brick arches

Rough arches:

• Built with ordinary

bricks which are not cut to wedge shape

• Generally used
• ver wooden

lintels.

13

Fig: Rough brick arches

Axed arches:

• The bricks are

cut to wedge- shape

• The joints are of

uniform thickness

• The wedge

shaped units are not finely dressed.

14

Gauged arches:

• Accurately

prepared to a wedge shape

• Hard bricks aren’t

used.

15

Stone arches

 Two types:

• 1. Rubble arches:

Rubble stone and roughly shaped.

• 2. Ashlar arches:

Arch stone and proper shaped.



Flat stone arches



Semi circular stone arches

16

Flat stone arches Semi circular stone arch

Concrete arches

Two types : 1.Concrete block arches: For small

• pening and span.
• 2. Monolithic

Concrete arches: For large opening like roof, bridge etc.

17

Fig: Concrete block arches Monolithic Concrete Arches

Other types of arches

Segmental

arches

Semi circular

arches 18

Semi circular Arches

Other types of Arches

Relieving Arch Dutch or French

Arch 19

Fig: Relieving Arch Fig: Dutch or French Arch

20

21