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Presentation by Mary Mkhonto Msc Zoology Supervisor: JHJ Van Vuren
Zoology Department, University of Johannesburg 31 July 2014
Presentation by Mary Mkhonto Msc Zoology Supervisor: JHJ Van Vuren - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Presentation by Mary Mkhonto Msc Zoology Supervisor: JHJ Van Vuren - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Presentation by Mary Mkhonto Msc Zoology Supervisor: JHJ Van Vuren Zoology Department, University of Johannesburg 31 July 2014 Introduction Aims Materials and Methods Results + Conclusion Lower Phongolo The Study OCP
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- Introduction
- Aims
- Materials and Methods
- Results + Conclusion
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The Study
- OCP Bioaccumulation
- Biomarker Analysis
Target Species
- O. mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia)
- C. gariepinus (Sharptooth Catfish)
Lower Phongolo
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1.
Evaluating the impacts of environmental stressors and pesticides on the Lower Phongolo River and floodplains.
- 2. The use of two fish species, Oreochromis
mosambicus and Clarias gariepinus as bio-indicators of pollution and environmental stress.
- 3. The determination of contaminating compounds and
bio-accumulation levels in fish.
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Beneficial but detrimental Effective Management and support studies Phongolopoort Dam Agriculture and malaria prevalence DDT persistence and monitoring
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Local Communities
Josiah Townsend Josiah Townsend Josiah Townsend Josiah Townsend
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Site Selection Sample Collection + Preparation Biomarker Analysis
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Biomarkers
Physical factors & Biological Agents Pollutant Chemicals Molecular & Cellular Tissue Organs Individual animal
SHORT TERM LONG TERM Biological Complexity, Response Time & Biological Significance EARLY BIOMARKER SIGNALS LATER EFFECTS
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Biomarkers
Biomarkers of exposure Biomarkers of effect
(Antioxidant stress) AChE (organophosphate and carbamate pesticide) Cytochrome P450 (organochline exposure ) MT Assay (metal exposure) Energy reserve alterations: Cellular Energy Allocations
Catalase Assay (ROS enzyme) Lipid peroxidation -malondialdehyde (lipid breakdown) Protein carbonyls (protein breakdown) Superoxide Dismutase (ROS enzyme) Glutathione (metal exposure)
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Findings and Importance
Importance: Findings:
- Stress
- Metals
- Pesticides
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Family Supervisor: Johan van Vuren Co-supervisor: Nico Smit Student: Ruan Gerber Collaborators and Funders:
University of the North West and Hokkudai (Japan) WRC, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Ndumo Game Reserve
Acknowledgements:
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Oreachromis mossambicus ( Mozambican tilapia) Clarias Gariepinus (Sharptooth catfish)
Fish
- M. K. Oliver
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Site Selection
Usutu River Nyamiti Pan Outlet Phongolo River
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