plants Swati Rawat ESE PhD Student Gardea Group, University of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Phyto-toxicological Effects of Copper Nanoparticles in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annum) plants

Swati Rawat ESE PhD Student Gardea Group, University of Texas at El Paso

Sustainable Nanotechnology Organization Orlando, FL, November, 2016

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Structure of the presentation

• Introduction
• Nanoparticles
• Bell pepper plants
• Methodology
• Results
• Conclusions

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Introduction

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nZnO nCeO2 nSi MWCNT’s nCuO Size Ca2+ Mg2+ Surface charge H C=O COO Structure and defects H+ OH- PH

Factors affecting NPs induced toxicity towards terrestrial plants

Reddy, P. V. L., Hernandez-Viezcas, J. A., Peralta-Videa, J. R., & Gardea-Torresdey, J. L. (2016). Lessons learned: Are engineered nanomaterials toxic to terrestrial plants?. Science of The Total Environment, 568, 470-479.

Copper Nanoparticles (NPs)

SEM Micrographs of copper nanoparticles

5 Hong, Jie, Cyren M. Rico, Lijuan Zhao, Adeyemi S. Adeleye, Arturo A. Keller, Jose R. Peralta-Videa, and Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Toxic Effects of Copper-Based Nanoparticles Or Compounds to Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) and Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa)." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 1 (2015): 177-185.

Applications of Copper NPs

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Global flows for Cu and oxides of Cu (metric tons/yr) in 2010

7 Keller, Arturo A., Suzanne McFerran, Anastasiya Lazareva, and Sangwon Suh. "Global Life Cycle Releases of Engineered Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 15, no. 6 (2013): 1-17.

• Rich in anti-oxidants like carotenoid, sugars,

vitamin C.

• Fruit is 92% water, rest are carbohydrates and

small amount of protein and fat

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Bell pepper plants Capsicum annum

https://authoritynutrition.com/foods/bell-peppers

Methodology

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Soil

• Soil collected on the east side of El Paso, TX.
• Soil characterization conducted on Malvern Mastersizer Hybrid 2000G
• Sand : 19.7 %
• Silt : 64.92 %
• Clay : 15.38 %
• Natural soil : silt loam

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Sowing seeds at the green house for seedling transplantation

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Preparing pots in the lab

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Plant growth stages : full growth cycle 90 days

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Seedlings growing

Seedlings ready for transplantation Freshly transplanted seedlings Plants 10 days post transplantation

Plant growth stages : full growth cycle 90 days

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Plants 30 days post transplantation Plants 45 days post transplantation, flowering Plants 60 days post transplantation, fruiting Fully matured plants, 90 days post transplantation

Conditions at the green house

• Controlled environment, temperature,

relative humidity, and light intensity

• Average light 10.1 mol/m2/d
• Average day temperature 27.2±1.6˚C
• Average night temperature 25±2.1˚C
• Water every other day, or as need be with

fertilizer solution, 15-5-15 ratio of N-P2O5-K2O, pH: 5.8, EC: 1.00 mS/cm

• Abamectin, Avid 0.15 EC , to treat aphids or

white fly

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Harvesting

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Gas exchange measurement: LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis system

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Acid digestion and sample analysis on the ICP-OES

Results

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Chlorophyll content, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Control 62.5 125 250 500

Relative Chlorophyll Content (SPAD) Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg

Chlo lorophyll ll Con

• ntent

nCuO CuCl2

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1 2 3 4 5 6 Control 62.5 125 250 500

Evapotranspiration mmol/m2/s Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg

Evapotranspiration

nCuO CuCl2

Gas Exchange : Evapotranspiration, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments

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ab b a ab a ab a a ab

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Control 62.5 125 250 500

Stomatal Conductance mol/m2/s Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg

St Stomatal l Con

• nductance

nCuO CuCl2

abc

Gas Exchange: Stomatal conductance, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments

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abc c a a bc ab abc a

Gas exchange : Photosynthesis, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Control 62.5 125 250 500

Photosynthesis µmol/m2/s Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg

Photosynthesis

nCuO CuCl2

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ab b a a ab ab ab ab ab

Elemental analysis of root samples, copper

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Control 62.5 nCuO 62.5 CuCl2 Control 125 nCuO 125 CuCl2 Control 250 nCuO 250 CuCl2 Control 500 nCuO 500 CuCl2

mg of Cu/kg of root dry wt. Treatment Concentration, mg/kg

a a a ab ab b b a ab b

b

c

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5 10 15 20 25 30 Control 62.5 nCuO 62.5 CuCl2 Control 125 nCuO 125 CuCl2 Control 250 nCuO 250 CuCl2 Control 500 nCuO 500 CuCl2

mg of Cu/kg leaves dry wt. Treatment Concentration, mg/kg

c a a a abc abc bc bc a

Elemental analysis of leaves samples, copper

abc ab bc

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Elemental analysis of fruit samples, copper

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Control 62.5 nCuO 62.5 CuCl2 Control 125 nCuO 125 CuCl2 Control 250 nCuO 250 CuCl2 Control 500 nCuO 500 CuCl2

mg of Cu/kg of fruit dry wt. Treatment Concentration, mg/kg

a a a a a a a a a a a a

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• Gas exchange : evapotranspiration, stomatal conductance, and

photosynthesis were not significantly different with respect to the control but were statistically different with respect to each other at the different concentrations of nCuO and CuCl2.

• The copper content in root samples was significantly increased at 125

mg/kg CuCl2 , 250 mg/kg nCuO and CuCl2, andat 500 mg/kg nCuO and CuCl2 wrt the control. The two treatments were significantly different at the highest concentration.

• The leaf samples found significantly higher amount of copper at 250

mg/kg and 500 mg/kg concentration of both the compounds wrt the control.

• Significantly higher amount of copper was found in the fruit samples

at 125 mg/kg ionic treatment.

Conclusions

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• UCCEIN for funding the research
• Texas AnM Agrilife Research and Extension Centre at El Paso, TX.
• University of Texas at El Paso
• Lab Mates
• Faculty
• Dr Youping Sun
• Dr Jose A. Hernandez
• Dr Jose R. Peralta
• Dr Jorge Gardea Torresday
• The SNO conference organizers

Acknowledgements

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References

• Reddy, P. Venkata Laxma, J. A. Hernandez-Viezcas, J. R. Peralta-Videa, and J. L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Lessons Learned: Are

Engineered Nanomaterials Toxic to Terrestrial Plants?" Science of the Total Environment 568, (10/15, 2016): 470-479.

• Hong, Jie, Cyren M. Rico, Lijuan Zhao, Adeyemi S. Adeleye, Arturo A. Keller, Jose R. Peralta-Videa, and Jorge L. Gardea-
• Torresdey. "Toxic Effects of Copper-Based Nanoparticles Or Compounds to Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) and Alfalfa (Medicago

Sativa)." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 1 (2015): 177-185.

• Keller, Arturo A., Suzanne McFerran, Anastasiya Lazareva, and Sangwon Suh. "Global Life Cycle Releases of Engineered

Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 15, no. 6 (2013): 1-17.

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Thank You! Questions ?

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