Overview of global trends in international migration and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization

Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA

UN Expert Group Meeting on Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration New York, 7-8 September 2017

International Migration

5 7 15 40 49 56 172 8 9 21 54 75 76 244

50 100 150 200 250 300 Oceania Latin America and the Caribbean Africa Northern America Asia Europe World

Number of international migrants by region

• f destination, 2000 and 2015

2015 2000 Nearly 2/3 of all international migrants live in Europe and Asia

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Percentage female among all international migrants, 2015

Women comprise slightly less than half of all international migrants.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

38 45 41 38 40 35 27 39 44 43 42 36 35 29

10 20 30 40 50 World Oceania Europe Northern America Latin America and the Caribbean Asia Africa

Median age among international migrants and by region of destination, 2000 and 2015

2015 2000 Median age of international migrants Worldwide was 39 years, compared to 29.6 years for the total population

age (years) Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

1 3 23 26 52 68 2 4 34 37 62 104

20 40 60 80 100 120 Oceania Northern America Africa Latin America and the Caribbean Europe Asia

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015

2015 2000 Almost half of all international migrants worldwide were born in Asia

Number of migrants (millions)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015

In many parts of the World, migration

• ccurs primarily

within major areas

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015

• Revision. (United Nations database,

POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Components of population change - Africa and Europe compared

• 30
• 20
• 10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1950- 1960 1960- 1970 1970- 1980 1980- 1990 1990- 2000 2000- 2010 2010- 2020 2020- 2030 2030- 2040 2040- 2050 millions

Europe

• 30

20 70 120 170 220 270 320 370 420 1950- 1960 1960- 1970 1970- 1980 1980- 1990 1990- 2000 2000- 2010 2010- 2020 2020- 2030 2030- 2040 2040- 2050 millions

Total net population change Net international migration Natural change Africa

Net international migration is slowing population decline in Europe – in Africa, it has hardly any effect

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

URBANIZATION

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Population (billions)

Urban and rural population of the world, 1950-2050

Urban Rural A majority of the world’s population lives in urban areas

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

2015: 40.4 47.8 73.6 79.8 81.6 70.8

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Africa Asia Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Oceania Proportion urban of total population (per cent)

Urban and rural population as proportion

• f total population, 1950-2050

Urbanization has

• ccurred in all regions,

but Africa and Asia remain mostly rural

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

1950-2050

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Population (billions)

Rural Fewer than 500 000 500 000 to 1 million 1 to 5 million 5 to 10 million 10 million or more

Close to half of the world’s urban population lives in settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants

500,000

• 1 mill.

< 500,000 rural > 10 mill. 1 – 5 mill. 5 – 10 mill.

World’s population by size class of settlement, 1990-2030

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 1990 2016 2030 Population (millions)

Global urban population by size class of settlement, 1990-2030

<500,000 500,000-1 mill. 1-5 mill. 5-10 mill. >10 mill.

239 cities 21 cities 10 cities 294 cities 558 cities 436 cities 31 cities 41 cities 731 cities 551 cities 45 cities 63 cities

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Percentage urban and location of urban agglomerations with at least 5000,000 inhabitants, 2014

Growth rates of the world’s cities, 2000-2016

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Most of the world’s Fastest growing cities are located in Asia and Africa

72 87 72 48 72 100 80 39 46 70 14 34 7 20 40 60 80 100 World Africa Asia Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Oceania

Governments with policies or strategies in the past five years to encourage population redistribution, 2015

Reduce rural to urban migration Decentralize large urban centres to smaller urban, suburban or rural areas

The majority of countries have policies in place to reduce rural to urban migration

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016): World Population Policies Database: The 2015 Revision

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision; Gu and others (2015). Risk of exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters at the city level: a global overview. Technical Paper No. 2015/2, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.

Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Cities’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, 2014

Many cities are vulnerable to at least one type of natural disaster

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