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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Project area
NAMIBIA ANGOLA
Opportunities and obstacles for solar powered pumping technologies - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Opportunities and obstacles for solar powered pumping technologies - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Opportunities and obstacles for solar powered pumping technologies in rural water supply Case study from Kunene region, Namibia Erla Hln Hjlmarsdttir PhD Candidate, University of Iceland 6 th International Rural Water Supply Network
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Kunene
- Many lessons are context-specific
- Low population density
- Owahimba
people
- Remote
- Arid climate
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Kunene
- 36% of Epupa households had
access to safe water
- 70%
- yield too little water
- 57%
- technical problems
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Project approach
- CBM
- Borehole metrics:
– Grundfos SQFlex pumps – PVP technologies – average yield: 9,556 l/day – Average head: 51 m
- Serve approx. 4000 people and their
livestock
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Feasability of PVPs
- Geographic conditions and climate
- Use of renewable solar energy
- Pollution and environmental impact
- Costs
– Initial costs – Maintenance costs – Operational costs
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Feasability of PVPs
- Breakeven point for ICEIDA
waterpoints – 8 months
- Borehole yielding 10 m3/day:
–Operating cost of DPs for less then 4 years enough to offset PVP initial cost
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Feasability of PVPs
- Estimated costs
for 20 years:
US$ 12,750 for a PVP US$ 73,750 for a DP
- Transportation of fuel
- Repair
- Lightning strikes
10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000
PVP DP
US$
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Lessons learnt
- Theft of solar panels
–Fences and community guards –Elevated poles and welded frames –Removable panels
- Externalities
–Livestock and grazing –Schools re-opened
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Lessons learnt
- Training and capacity building
– Few waterpoints fully handed over – Follow up training – Exchange visits – PVP training for staff
- Cost recovery
– Reactive financing
- Full cost realization
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Lessons learnt
- Water supply monitoring
- Sanitation
- Other practical lessons
–Follow standards –No PIUs –Value in having senior staff visiting waterpoints
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Conclusions
- No all-encompassing solution
- Water demand has to match water supply
capacity of PVP solutions
- Mutual learning between communities
- Mismatch between community capabilties
and their expected roles
- Cost recovery methods need to reflect
circumstances and social context
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6th International Rural Water Supply Network Forum : Kampala, Uganda : 29th Nov-1st Dec 2011
Conclusions
- Bias against PVP solutions
- Focus on achieving targets
- PVP fulfil technological requirements
- Implementation,