OBESITY, INFLAMMATION, STRESS, AND CANCER DISPARITIES Marvella E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
obesity inflammation stress and
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

OBESITY, INFLAMMATION, STRESS, AND CANCER DISPARITIES Marvella E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 15, 2022 165 likes •1.32k views

OBESITY, INFLAMMATION, STRESS, AND CANCER DISPARITIES Marvella E. Ford, PhD Associate Director, Hollings Cancer Center Cancer Disparities Program Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences, MUSC Presentation Outline Part I

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Marvella E. Ford, PhD Associate Director, Hollings Cancer Center Cancer Disparities Program Professor, Department of Public Health Sciences, MUSC

OBESITY, INFLAMMATION, STRESS, AND CANCER DISPARITIES

slide-2
SLIDE 2

Presentation Outline

  • Part I – Overview of Cancer Disparities in the

US

  • Part II – Combating Cancer Disparities in

South Carolina: MUSC Hollings Cancer Center Cancer Disparities Program

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Part I

  • Overview of Cancer Disparities in the US
slide-4
SLIDE 4
slide-5
SLIDE 5
slide-6
SLIDE 6

What is the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

slide-7
SLIDE 7

What is the Body Mass Index BMI)?

slide-8
SLIDE 8

What is the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

slide-9
SLIDE 9

What is the Body Mass Index (BMI)?

slide-10
SLIDE 10
slide-11
SLIDE 11
slide-12
SLIDE 12
slide-13
SLIDE 13
slide-14
SLIDE 14

The Obesity-Cancer Link

slide-15
SLIDE 15

The Obesity-Cancer Link (continued)

  • Fatty tissue expresses and releases pro-

inflammatory cytokines

  • These cytokines have been associated with
  • besity
  • Cytokines are also associated with many

chronic diseases, such as cancer (as well as diabetes and cardiovascular disease)

slide-16
SLIDE 16

More Pounds = Greater Risk of Dying from Cancer

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Healthier Lifestyles May Prevent 340,000 U.S. Cancers a Year: Study

  • Regular exercise, balanced diet, limited alcohol help

ward off disease, researchers find

  • SOURCE: World Cancer Research Fund, News Release,

February 3, 2011

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the US, 2015

2015 Estimates

slide-19
SLIDE 19

2012 Estimates

Cancer Incidence and Mortality in US Hispanics/Latinos, 2012

slide-20
SLIDE 20

Trends in Incidence and Death Rates for all Cancers Combined Among Hispanics

Source: Surveillance, and End Results Program, 2012

Hispanic Epidemiological Paradox

  • Strong Social

Support

  • Less

acculturated in US

slide-21
SLIDE 21

2013 Estimates

Cancer Incidence and Mortality* in US Blacks, 2013

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Female Breast Cancer Incidence Rates by State, 2010

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/state.htm

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Female Breast Cancer Death Rates by State, 2010

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/state.htm

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Prostate Cancer Incidence Rates by State, 2010

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/statistics/state.htm

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Prostate Cancer Death Rates by State, 2010

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/statistics/state.htm

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Obesity and Other Diseases

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Diabetes

slide-28
SLIDE 28
slide-29
SLIDE 29
slide-30
SLIDE 30
slide-31
SLIDE 31
slide-32
SLIDE 32
slide-33
SLIDE 33

Age-adjusted percentage of adults aged ≥20 years with diagnosed diabetes, 2007

MMWR 58:1259-1263, 2009

slide-34
SLIDE 34

Age-adjusted percentage of adults aged ≥20 years who are

  • bese, 2007

MMWR 58:1259-1263, 2009

slide-35
SLIDE 35

Counties in the top and bottom two quintiles of both diabetes and

  • besity, 2007

MMWR 58:1259-1263, 2009

slide-36
SLIDE 36

Heart Disease and Stroke

slide-37
SLIDE 37

Heart Disease and Stroke Mortality Rates

slide-38
SLIDE 38

http://nccd.cdc.gov/DHDSPAtlas/viewer.aspx?state=SC

slide-39
SLIDE 39

http://nccd.cdc.gov/DHDSPAtlas/viewer.aspx?state=SC

slide-40
SLIDE 40

Social Determinants of Health

  • Factors in the social environment that

contribute to or detract from the health of individuals and communities

  • Social determinants of health may generate

hypotheses regarding the pathways between the social environment and health outcomes

slide-41
SLIDE 41

Racial Differences in Health Outcomes as a Combination of Socio-cultural and Genetic Factors

Genetic Variants

Socio-Cultural Factors Genetic Factors

Diet Physical Activity Environmental Exposure Psychosocial Stress

H E A L T H

Williams et al. 2010. Race, SES, and Health. Ann NY Acad. Sci 2010;1186:69-101.

slide-42
SLIDE 42

“Weathering” Stress Hypothesis

  • African Americans experience early health

deterioration as a consequence of the cumulative impact of repeated stressful experiences with social or economic adversity and political marginalization

slide-43
SLIDE 43

“Weathering” Stress Hypothesis (continued)

  • African Americans experience poor health at

earlier ages than European Americans

  • This deterioration in health accumulates
slide-44
SLIDE 44

Social- Environmental Factors Susceptibility to Disease Access to Health Care Health Disparities

Social Environment and Stress

  • Stressful social interactions impact health outcomes
slide-45
SLIDE 45

Relationships among Structural Life Inequalities, Chronic Stress, Negative Behaviors, and Physical and Mental Health Disparities

Structural Life Inequalities

Physical Health Disparities Chronic Stressors/Stress Behaviors Mental Health Disparities

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Chronic Stressors (continued)

http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/maps/social_determinants_maps.htm

  • Higher economic status in African Americans

appears to be more protective against early mortality than against early morbidity

  • Racial differences in health reflect more than

differences in economic resources alone

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Chronic Stressors (continued)

  • African Americans experience earlier

deterioration of heath than do European Americans

  • The stress of living in a race-conscious society

may lead to early health deterioration in African American women through a complex mechanism that involves chronic inflammation

slide-48
SLIDE 48

Chronic Stressors (continued)

  • Racial/ethnic differences in inflammation are

small in the late teens and early 20s

  • Differences widen rapidly beginning in young

adult through middle age

  • Racial/ethnic differences are largest between

the ages of 35 and 64 years

slide-49
SLIDE 49

Chronic Stressors (continued)

  • The impact of chronic stress on health has

important implications for individuals and for the population as a whole

slide-50
SLIDE 50
slide-51
SLIDE 51
slide-52
SLIDE 52
slide-53
SLIDE 53
slide-54
SLIDE 54

Part II: Combating Cancer Disparities in South Carolina

  • MUSC Hollings Cancer Center Cancer

Disparities Program

slide-55
SLIDE 55

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

1. Conduct cancer disparities activities with partners in South Carolina (SC) 2. Develop specific, targeted research interventions to reduce cancer disparities 3. Increase the number of investigators in SC who conduct cancer disparities research

slide-56
SLIDE 56

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

  • Community Based Cancer

Education and Awareness

slide-57
SLIDE 57

An evidence-based 4-hour dynamic, hands-on session using a “Train the Trainer” model developed by the South Carolina Cancer Alliance

  • 3-hour component focusing on general cancer knowledge
  • Cancer risk factors
  • Screening guidelines for early cancer detection
  • Cancer treatments
  • Steps to reduce cancer risk by improving overall health
  • 30-minute component focusing on prostate cancer knowledge
  • 30-minute component focusing on cancer clinical trials information

Example: Cancer Education Guide (CEG) Training Seminar

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

slide-58
SLIDE 58

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

CEG Training Sites

CEG Service Delivery Area

slide-59
SLIDE 59
slide-60
SLIDE 60
slide-61
SLIDE 61

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Collaborative Intervention Research

Initiatives

slide-62
SLIDE 62

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Improving Resection Rates Among African Americans with Non-

small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

5RO1MD005892-04 (MPIs: Ford and Esnaola)

  • Evaluates the impact of a patient navigation intervention in reducing potential

barriers to surgical cancer care and improving rates among African Americans with early stage NSCLC

  • SC Cancer Disparities Research Center (SC CaDRe)

5P20CA15707104 (PIs: Ford and Salley)

  • Identifies factors that may influence participation in a breast cancer genetic

research study

  • Optimizing Survivorship and Surveillance after Treatment for Colon

Cancer

5R21CA152865 (PI: Ford, Co-Is: Zapka and Sterba)(ended 8/31/14)

  • Investigate the role of multilevel factors on participation of colon cancer survivors

in guideline-based post-treatment surveillance and care.

slide-63
SLIDE 63

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student

Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • P20 SC CaDRe HBCU Student Summer Cancer

Research Training in Breast and Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • MUSC HCC Cancer Research Training
  • Student Forum of the National Conference on

Health Disparities (Chair: Ford, Co-Chair: Greene, Coordinator: Cannady)

slide-64
SLIDE 64

DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Partnership with:
  • Claflin University
  • South Carolina State University
  • Voorhees College
  • A 10-week program that runs concurrent with the MUSC

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP)

  • Funds 4-6 students/summer
  • Breast and Prostate Cancer Training Curriculum (2 seminars/week)
  • Weekly GRE Preparation Course
  • Cultural Activities
slide-65
SLIDE 65
slide-66
SLIDE 66

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Open to:
  • Undergraduate Students
  • Graduate Students
  • Professional Students
  • Research Forum that consists of:
  • Oral and poster presentations centered on health disparities research
  • Roundtable discussion
  • Finding Funding/Fellowship Opportunities
  • Mentoring and Networking
  • Professional Ethics
  • Keynote Lecture

Student Forum of the National Conference on Health Disparities

slide-67
SLIDE 67

Conceptual Framework of the HCC Cancer Disparities Program

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

slide-68
SLIDE 68

EXPANSION OF CANCER DISPARITIES RESEARCH

Cancer Disparities Cancer Control Cancer Genes & Molecular Regulation Developmental Therapeutics Cancer Immunology

slide-69
SLIDE 69

QUESTIONS?

Courtesy of the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center

Eliminate Cancer Disparities

slide-70
SLIDE 70

Part II: Combating Cancer Disparities in South Carolina

  • MUSC Hollings Cancer Center Cancer

Disparities Program

slide-71
SLIDE 71

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

1. Conduct cancer disparities activities with partners in South Carolina (SC) 2. Develop specific, targeted research interventions to reduce cancer disparities 3. Increase the number of investigators in SC who conduct cancer disparities research

slide-72
SLIDE 72

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

  • Community Based Cancer

Education and Awareness

slide-73
SLIDE 73

An evidence-based 4-hour dynamic, hands-on session using a “Train the Trainer” model developed by the South Carolina Cancer Alliance

  • 3-hour component focusing on general cancer knowledge
  • Cancer risk factors
  • Screening guidelines for early cancer detection
  • Cancer treatments
  • Steps to reduce cancer risk by improving overall health
  • 30-minute component focusing on prostate cancer knowledge
  • 30-minute component focusing on cancer clinical trials information

Example: Cancer Education Guide (CEG) Training Seminar

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

slide-74
SLIDE 74

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

CEG Training Sites

CEG Service Delivery Area

slide-75
SLIDE 75
slide-76
SLIDE 76
slide-77
SLIDE 77

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Collaborative Intervention Research

Initiatives

slide-78
SLIDE 78

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Improving Resection Rates Among African Americans with Non-

small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

5RO1MD005892-04 (MPIs: Ford and Esnaola)

  • Evaluates the impact of a patient navigation intervention in reducing potential

barriers to surgical cancer care and improving rates among African Americans with early stage NSCLC

  • SC Cancer Disparities Research Center (SC CaDRe)

5P20CA15707104 (PIs: Ford and Salley)

  • Identifies factors that may influence participation in a breast cancer genetic

research study

  • Optimizing Survivorship and Surveillance after Treatment for Colon

Cancer

5R21CA152865 (PI: Ford, Co-Is: Zapka and Sterba)(ended 8/31/14)

  • Investigate the role of multilevel factors on participation of colon cancer survivors

in guideline-based post-treatment surveillance and care.

slide-79
SLIDE 79

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student

Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • P20 SC CaDRe HBCU Student Summer Cancer

Research Training in Breast and Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • MUSC HCC Cancer Research Training
  • Student Forum of the National Conference on

Health Disparities (Chair: Ford, Co-Chair: Greene, Coordinator: Cannady)

slide-80
SLIDE 80

DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Partnership with:
  • Claflin University
  • South Carolina State University
  • Voorhees College
  • A 10-week program that runs concurrent with the MUSC

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP)

  • Funds 4-6 students/summer
  • Breast and Prostate Cancer Training Curriculum (2 seminars/week)
  • Weekly GRE Preparation Course
  • Cultural Activities
slide-81
SLIDE 81
slide-82
SLIDE 82

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • New NIH/NCIR25E Grant in Partnership with:
  • Claflin University
  • South Carolina State University
  • University of South Carolina
  • Voorhees College
  • A 14-week cancer education research training program
  • Will fund 16 students/summer
  • Breast, Prostate, Head and Neck, and Cervical Cancer Research Training

Curriculum (daily classes)

  • Weekly GRE Preparation Course
  • Cultural Enrichment Activities
  • Statewide Cancer Health Equity Online Course
slide-83
SLIDE 83

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Open to:
  • Undergraduate Students
  • Graduate Students
  • Professional Students
  • Research Forum that consists of:
  • Oral and poster presentations centered on health disparities research
  • Roundtable discussion
  • Finding Funding/Fellowship Opportunities
  • Mentoring and Networking
  • Professional Ethics
  • Keynote Lecture

Student Forum of the National Conference on Health Disparities

slide-84
SLIDE 84
slide-85
SLIDE 85

Conceptual Framework of the HCC Cancer Disparities Program

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

slide-86
SLIDE 86

EXPANSION OF CANCER DISPARITIES RESEARCH

Cancer Disparities Cancer Control Cancer Genes & Molecular Regulation Developmental Therapeutics Cancer Immunology

slide-87
SLIDE 87

QUESTIONS?

Courtesy of the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center

Eliminate Cancer Disparities

slide-88
SLIDE 88

Part II: Combating Cancer Disparities in South Carolina

  • MUSC Hollings Cancer Center Cancer

Disparities Program

slide-89
SLIDE 89

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

1. Conduct cancer disparities activities with partners in South Carolina (SC) 2. Develop specific, targeted research interventions to reduce cancer disparities 3. Increase the number of investigators in SC who conduct cancer disparities research

slide-90
SLIDE 90

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

  • Community Based Cancer

Education and Awareness

slide-91
SLIDE 91

An evidence-based 4-hour dynamic, hands-on session using a “Train the Trainer” model developed by the South Carolina Cancer Alliance

  • 3-hour component focusing on general cancer knowledge
  • Cancer risk factors
  • Screening guidelines for early cancer detection
  • Cancer treatments
  • Steps to reduce cancer risk by improving overall health
  • 30-minute component focusing on prostate cancer knowledge
  • 30-minute component focusing on cancer clinical trials information

Example: Cancer Education Guide (CEG) Training Seminar

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

slide-92
SLIDE 92

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina

CEG Training Sites

CEG Service Delivery Area

slide-93
SLIDE 93
slide-94
SLIDE 94
slide-95
SLIDE 95

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Collaborative Intervention Research

Initiatives

slide-96
SLIDE 96

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Improving Resection Rates Among African

Americans with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

5RO1MD005892-04 (MPIs: Ford and Esnaola)

  • Evaluates the impact of a patient navigation intervention in

reducing potential barriers to surgical cancer care and improving rates among African Americans with early stage NSCLC

slide-97
SLIDE 97
slide-98
SLIDE 98

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • SC Cancer Disparities Research Center (SC CaDRe)

5P20CA15707104 (PIs: Ford and Salley)

  • Identifies factors that may influence participation in a breast

cancer genetic research study

slide-99
SLIDE 99
slide-100
SLIDE 100
slide-101
SLIDE 101

Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities

  • Optimizing Survivorship and Surveillance after

Treatment for Colon Cancer

5R21CA152865 (PI: Ford, Co-Is: Zapka and Sterba)(ended 8/31/14)

  • Investigate the role of multilevel factors on participation of colon

cancer survivors in guideline-based post-treatment surveillance and care.

slide-102
SLIDE 102
slide-103
SLIDE 103
slide-104
SLIDE 104
slide-105
SLIDE 105

HCC Cancer Disparities Program 3-Point Action Plan Objectives

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student

Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • P20 SC CaDRe HBCU Student Summer Cancer

Research Training in Breast and Prostate Cancer Research (PI: Ford, Coordinator: Cannady)

  • MUSC HCC Cancer Research Training
  • Student Forum of the National Conference on

Health Disparities (Chair: Ford, Co-Chair: Greene, Coordinator: Cannady)

slide-106
SLIDE 106

DoD Collaborative Undergraduate HBCU Student Summer Training Program in Prostate Cancer Research

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Partnership with:
  • Claflin University
  • South Carolina State University
  • Voorhees College
  • A 10-week program that runs concurrent with the MUSC

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP)

  • Funds 4-6 students/summer
  • Breast and Prostate Cancer Training Curriculum (2 seminars/week)
  • Weekly GRE Preparation Course
  • Cultural Activities
slide-107
SLIDE 107
slide-108
SLIDE 108

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • New NIH/NCIR25E Grant in Partnership with:
  • Claflin University
  • South Carolina State University
  • University of South Carolina
  • Voorhees College
  • A 14-week cancer education research training program
  • Will fund 16 students/summer
  • Breast, Prostate, Head and Neck, and Cervical Cancer Research Training

Curriculum (daily classes)

  • Weekly GRE Preparation Course
  • Cultural Enrichment Activities
  • Statewide Cancer Health Equity Online Course
slide-109
SLIDE 109

Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

  • Open to:
  • Undergraduate Students
  • Graduate Students
  • Professional Students
  • Research Forum that consists of:
  • Oral and poster presentations centered on health disparities research
  • Roundtable discussion
  • Finding Funding/Fellowship Opportunities
  • Mentoring and Networking
  • Professional Ethics
  • Keynote Lecture

Student Forum of the National Conference on Health Disparities

slide-110
SLIDE 110
slide-111
SLIDE 111

Conceptual Framework of the HCC Cancer Disparities Program

Objective 1: Conduct Cancer Disparities Activities with Partners in South Carolina Objective 2: Develop Specific, Targeted Research Interventions to Reduce Cancer Disparities Objective 3: Increase the Number of Investigators in SC Who Conduct Cancer Disparities Research

slide-112
SLIDE 112

EXPANSION OF CANCER DISPARITIES RESEARCH

Cancer Disparities Cancer Control Cancer Genes & Molecular Regulation Developmental Therapeutics Cancer Immunology

slide-113
SLIDE 113

QUESTIONS?

Courtesy of the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center

Eliminate Cancer Disparities