November 14, 2017 Administrative notes Reminder: In the news call - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

November 14, 2017 Administrative notes

• Reminder: In the news call #3 individual component

due November 22.

• Reminder: In the news call #3 group sign up due

November 24

• Reminder: project deadlines coming up starting

November 27

• Reminder: In the news call #3 group component due

November 28

• Reminder: Final exam: Tuesday, December 5

@noon in CIRS 1250

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

About that midterm…

• This is a much different slide than I usually put up about midterms
• I have very good assurances that we are all safe
• The student who caused the disruption will not be returning to class
• The student who caused the disruption is getting the support he needs
• I will count the higher of either your midterm #2 grade or the final exam in

lieu of your midterm #2 grade

• Please do not feel bad if you discover that you were negatively effected

and others weren’t

• If you need to talk to a professional, the wellness website has resources:

https://students.ubc.ca/health-wellness/mental-health-support- counselling-services

• The average was 79% - instructions about how to see your graded

midterm are on the exercises page

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Now where were we…

• We’d been discussing AI in science fiction,

and had been looking in particular at Commander Data from Star Trek: The Next Generation

• Let’s take another quick look to jog your

memory: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p13LtGKd

• Bo&t=1m02s

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

That’s Science Fiction. How close to that are we today?

In a group, discuss what of Data’s capabilities you believe we are able to get computers/robots to do today.

• Robots today: easy to distinguish robots today from looking like humans
• Walking: moves around without problems
• The conversation: very different

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Meet Watson: Going from Sci-Fi to reality!

Jeopardy! IBM Watson https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0Obm0DBvwI&t=1m21s A cool article on this: http://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/artificial- intelligence/watson-ai-crushes-humans-in-second-round-of-jeopardy

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Group Exercise

How complex was the language that Watson had to “understand” and produce? Compared to Data, what did Watson NOT have to do?

• He had the information stored, but it wasn't as complex understanding
• There's no speech recognition
• Watson didn't need to act conscious
• Had a whole range of things Watson didn't need to understand
• The language that Watson is looking at is very limited. Very structured
• Watson did have to connect two different concepts

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Let’s take a look at how Watson “learned”

Preparing Watson https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i- vMW_Ce51w&t=8m43s We’ll look at some aspects of this in more detail later

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Ooops…

While Watson won, it did make an embarrassing mistake… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7h4baBEi0iA Watson clearly didn’t fully understand the question

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Is Watson intelligent by Strong AI criteria? Clicker question

• A. Yes
• B. No

Reminder: Strong AI – is epitomized by the Chinese Room (Section 6 of the reading) – the computer has to be able to THINK

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Is Watson intelligent by Strong AI criteria? Why or why not?

• It's playing Jeopardy, it's made for one purpose, pulling out of that context it

may struggle

• Watson vs. Data, Watson isn't even close
• yes: Toronto was an interesting answer, it had some "thought" process
• There's clearly no common sense check

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Is Watson intelligent by Turing/weak AI criteria? Clicker question

• A. Yes
• B. No

Reminder: Weak AI is epitomized by Turing’s approach – the computer just has to APPEAR intelligent – fool a person for 5 minutes that it’s human

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Group discussion: Is Watson intelligent by Turing/weak AI criteria?

• He could answer most questions correctly
• Jeopardy can only have one type of response, so it wouldn't be able to have a

full conversation necessarily

• Narrow AI: a computer program that's only profficient at one task
• In 5 minutes it'd probably make a basic factual error

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

What is Watson up to now? Fighting cancer…

“Using a Watson app developed with Baylor College of Medicine called KnIT (Knowledge Integration Toolkit) that reads and analyzes millions

• f scientific papers and suggests to researchers

where to look and what to look for, a Baylor team has identified six new proteins to target for cancer

• research. How hard is that? Very. In the last 30

years, scientists have uncovered 28 protein targets, according to IBM. The Baylor team found half a dozen in a month.” http://time.com/3208716/ibm-watson-cancer/

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

What is Watson up to now? Cooking…

“Researchers at IBM have teamed up with the Institute of Culinary Education in New York. They've re-programmed Watson to serve as a sort

• f sous-chef that can spit out novel ingredient

combinations and recipes on command. The IBM researchers call it "creative computing." Chefs can specify a key ingredient and a cuisine, and IBM's computer program will come up with millions of ideas.” http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/03/03/285326 611/our-supercomputer-overlord-is-now-running-a- food-truck

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

What is Watson up to now? Debating…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fJOtAzICzw &t=45m26s

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

The person running the demo asks this question:

“Can a computer take raw information and digest and reason on that information, and understand the context?” Does Watson do that here?

• A. Yes
• B. No

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

Group Exercise

Develop a definition of computational intelligence that you're happy with. Consider the examples that we've looked at as well as other examples (e.g., Chrome, Siri) as a way to help make your definition robust.

• A. My definition is weak AI (Turing's)
• B. My definition is strong AI
• C. My definition is neither.

Computational Thinking www.ugrad.cs.ubc.ca/~cs100

By your definition, is Watson intelligent or not?

• A. Yes
• B. No