Moonbounce Radio Communication Clemens Hopfer OE1RFC, Andreas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Moonbounce Radio Communication Clemens Hopfer OE1RFC, Andreas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 29, 2024 191 likes •504 views

Moonbounce Radio Communication Clemens Hopfer OE1RFC, Andreas Schreiner OE4DNS MetaFunk@Metalab, Vienna Patrick Strasser OE6PSE Realraum, Graz Radio Communication through Space 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany Moonbounce Radio

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SLIDE 1

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Clemens Hopfer OE1RFC, Andreas Schreiner OE4DNS MetaFunk@Metalab, Vienna Patrick Strasser OE6PSE Realraum, Graz

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SLIDE 2

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

  • First successful attempt in 1946 by the U.S.

Army Signal Corps

  • Not too long thereafter replaced by artificial

satellites

  • First amtateur radio attempts in 1953
  • Today mostly for amateur radio applications –

still challenging but really cool

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SLIDE 3

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Some Basics - Radio Frequencies

Marshall Brain, http://www.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum.htm

Some Basics - Radio Frequencies

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SLIDE 4

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Some Basics - Decibel

  • A logarithmic unit of ratio, 1/10 of a bel but not

an absolute value

  • 3 dB equals doubling of power, 10 dB equals 10

times the power

  • dB, dBm
  • But why?
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SLIDE 5

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Reaching the moon, and why is it diffucult

  • The moon is far, far away
  • Path losses
  • Signal polarisation
  • Natural and manmade noise
  • Ionosphere
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SLIDE 6

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Reaching the moon, a simple example

  • 100 W transmitter output (50 dBm)
  • Antenna gain on transmit 16 dB (66 dBm)
  • Path loss 250 db (-184 dBm)
  • Antenna gain on receive 16 dB (-168 dBm)
  • -168 dBm ~ 0.0000000000000000016 mW
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SLIDE 7

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Ouch, that's really low power - what can we do?

  • The brute force attempt, increasing power
  • The structural attempt - bigger antennas
  • The smart attempt - choosing a clever

communication protocol

  • We have to use all of them to be successful
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SLIDE 8

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Available EME communication modes

  • Voice communication
  • Digital modes
  • Morse Code
  • Computer assisted (RTTY, AX.25, PSK, ..., JT65)
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SLIDE 9

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Latest developments by Joe Taylor, K1JT

  • American astrophysicist and Nobel laureate
  • Can use Arecibo observatory for moonbounce
  • WSJT open source program suite for weak-

signal digital communication

  • JT65 specifically designed for moonbounce,

can detect signals many decibels below noise floor

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SLIDE 10

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Latest developments by Joe Taylor, K1JT

  • You don't have to use

JT65 with that antenna, but still...

  • Now more about that

cool JT65...

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SLIDE 11

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

freq Signal

Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 12

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

freq Signal

Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 13

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

freq Signal

Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 14

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

freq Signal

Noise Floor Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 15

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

JT65

  • JT65 A/B/C
  • Joe Taylor 65 tones (FSK)
  • Here (2m/144MHz) JT65B
  • One Tone at a time, cont. Amplitude
  • Bandwidth 355 Hz
  • Tone spacing 5.4 Hz
  • ½ time pilot tone
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SLIDE 16

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

JT65

  • Massive FEC – Reed Solomon
  • Successful decode up to -27 dB SNR
  • Time synchronous
  • 47 sec sending
  • 1 min sending, 1 min istening
  • 13 sec decoding and user interaction
  • Prepared text messages
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SLIDE 17

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

JT65

  • Sound examples (tnx OE6TZE)
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SLIDE 18

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Standard QSO

CQ OE5XML OE5XML K1JT K1JT OE5XML OOO RO RRR 73

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SLIDE 19

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Sucess?

  • 2.5 sec delay for moon and back again
  • Berlin – Paris: 3/1000 sec
  • Echoes
  • Ping
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SLIDE 20

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Our Setup

  • 2 stacked Yagi-Uda 10 elements
  • linear polarization, 16 dBi gain
  • LNA 28 dB gain, 0.3 dB noise
  • PA linear 750W
  • 1/2“ cable
  • super low loss 0.2 dB/m@6GHz
  • High power coaxial relay
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SLIDE 21

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 22

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

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SLIDE 23

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

After Moonset

  • 1957 Sputnik
  • 1961 OSCAR 1
  • Non-government
  • Non-commercial
  • > 70 amateur radio satellites
  • Community funded/built/operated
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SLIDE 24

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Orbits

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SLIDE 25

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Equipment

  • Handheld Radio
  • Yagi-Uda antenna
  • good dipole antenna possibly
  • Better: station transceiver
  • LNA
  • Rotor
  • High transmission power is not required!
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SLIDE 26

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Operation Modes

  • CW, beacons and QSO
  • SSB
  • FM
  • Digimodes: PSK31 etc.
  • Packet radio
  • Cool new stuff: QPSK1000
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SLIDE 27

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

Tracking

  • Tons of software
  • Search for „pass prediction“
  • I like gpredict ;-)
  • Alexandru Csete OZ9AEC
  • http://gpredict.oz9aec.net/
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SLIDE 28

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

gpredict

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SLIDE 29

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

See you

  • Moon Bounce / EME:
  • Right next to Baikonur
  • Red Pylon
  • Satellite:
  • Right next to Baikonur
  • Blue Pole
  • Weird people on street with dangerous rods
  • How to build a satellite: mur.sat
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SLIDE 30

Radio Communication through Space

  • 13. August 2011, CCCamp Fiowfurt/Germany

Moonbounce Radio Communication

  • MetaFunk - http://metalab.at/wiki/MetaFunk
  • Chaoswelle - http://www.chaoswelle.de
  • mur.sat – http://mur.at
  • realraum Graz - http://realraum.at