MOBILITY STRATEGY AND APPROACH OF IEC Dr. Bernhard Thies German - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

MOBILITY – STRATEGY AND APPROACH OF IEC

• Dr. Bernhard Thies

German National Committee of the IEC

Battery electric vehicle Power generation Charging station (Smart) Grid

Connecting an Electric Vehicle to the Grid

… looks easy but many things to be considered.

Stakeholder of Electro-Mobility

User/ customer

Vehicle

• Vehicle

manufacturers

• Suppliers
• Energy

suppliers

• Grid operators
• Charging

station manu- facturers

• Suppliers

Charging infrastructure Battery manufacturers

+

System Components and Domains of Interest

Energy storage

• r sources

Charging infrastructure Communications and energy flows Product and

• peration safety

Power electronics On-board wiring

Auxiliary components

Electrical safety Functional safety Li+ Batteries Capacitors Data security Protocols Interfaces

Connector technology

Fuel cells Power electronics Communications and control technology Drive Vehicle engineering

Challenges for Integration of new Consumers and Energy Sources

Number of devices / systems

Complex systems / individual developments High number of simpler user devices

Complexity Price

Example: Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

• standards exist, but may not have been designed for Electro-Mobility

 need adapting, sometimes complex issues Limits for harmonic currents according to IEC 61000-3

0,00 10,00 20,00 30,00 40,00 100,00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Harmonics Amplitude ratio [%]

IEC 61000-3-2 Devices with input current ≤ 16A IEC 61000-3-12 Devices with input current 16A < I ≤ 75A

Diagram prepared by RWE

For connection to the grid the vehicle has to comply with standards for grid connection

National (Germany) International Standardization Regional (Europe) Tele- communi- cations General Electro- technology Regulation

EU National regulation

Standardization is the Solution – not the Problem!

International, European and German Standardization

International standardization

Council TMB Technical Committees WG 10 WG 12 WG 15

European standardization National standardization

Technical Committees WG 1 WG 2 WG 9 Technical Committees UK 1 AK 1 AK 9 Working Groups AK 1 AK 2 AK 9

JTC, JWG GK, GAK FG-EV eM-CG

• IEC: Proposal to establish a

strategic group 6 “automotive elctrotechnics” (tentative title)

• IEC / ISO TC 22:

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)

• Different modes of co-
• peration (mode 1 – 5)
• EU: Mandate M/468 on

interoperable charging infrastructure in EU

• Report finalized in

September 2011by CEN / CENELEC Focus Group on European Electromobility

• Successor group: eMobility

Coordination Group

• National: establishment of joint

working groups and a steering committee

Council SMB Technical Committees SCs WGs PTs SGs Technical Committees WG 1 WG 2 WG 9

Committees involved in Electro-Mobility

M TAB (FNN)

B: Battery / Fuel-Cell K: Communikation (PWM, V2G) SVEF: Energy supply for Elektric vehicle LK: Charging cable

K RCD, K GAK 542.4.1 GAK 542.4.3 IEC/SC 23H K 952 IEC/TC 57 K 461 IEC/TC 13 IEC/TC 57 K 261 IEC/TC 8 CLC/TC 8X EN 50438 K 384 IEC/TC 105 K 353 IEC/TC 69 LK K 311 IEC/TC 2 K 371 IEC/TC 21 GAK 353.0.1 IEC TC 69 LW B K 331 IEC/TC 22 AK 411.2.8 IEC/TC 20 K 767 CLC/TC 8X EN 50160 K 764 IEC/TC 106 BGV B11 K 373 VDE-V 0126-1 K 221 IEC/TC 64 CLC/TC 64 NAAuto AK 541.3.6 IEC/SC 23E ISO/TC 22/SC 3/JWG 1 Z AK 221.1.11 IEC/TC 64 CLC/TC 64 VDE 0100-722 EVSE Z K 767 IEC/TC 77 IEC/CISPR CLC/TC 210

LW: Power electronics M: Motor RCD: Residual Current Protective Device Z: Meter

K 373 IEC/TC 82 AK 542.1.2 IEC/SC 23B AK 431.1.7 IEC/SC 17D GAK 353.0.2 GAK 353.0.4 IEC/TC 69

Integration of Electric Vehicles into the (Smart) Grid

Communication protocols are a key technology for smart-grid integration of electric vehicles – but they are not sufficient. Grid stability has to be maintained by worldwide harmonized principles for grid integration and charging controller behaviour  IEC TC 57, IEC TC 8, IEC TC 20, … Smart-Grid

Communication: IEC 61850 Distributed Energy communication: IEC 61850-7-420 Vehicle to grid communication interface: ISO/IEC 15118

Schematic view

Charging modes 3 and 4 Charging modes 1 and 2

ICCB

charging device Public charging device Domestic socket outlet EN 60309-2 socket outlet

Scope of LVD (CENELEC)

(Directive 2006/95/EC) e.g. EN 61851

Scope of national wiring rules (e.g. DKE-VDE) Scope of ISO standards and type approval regulations (often based on UN regulations, e.g. R10, R100)

Legal Framework in Europe – the big Picture

ICCB

charging device Public charging device

Electrical devices Installation Vehicles

Standardization for Electrical Safety

IEC TC 64: Protection against electric shock Safety is a must: the whole system needs to be considered (e. g. DC leakage currents)  IEC TC69, TC 64, TC 23, TC 77, TC 17, … IEC TC 64 standards describe the recognized state of the art for protection against electric shock: “Safety Pilot Function“ for all domains.

Proposed Connectors – for AC (IEC 62196-2)

Type 3 Type 2 designs > 1 (for mode 3) > 3 different voltage > 500 V > 500 V Number of phases > 1 or 3 > 1 or 3, different design current > 16 A / 32A / 63 A; 70 A*) > 16 A or 63 A power > up to 43 kW > up to 43 kW IP degree mated unmated > IP XX D > IP XX B (D optional) > IP XX D > IP XX D

*) up to 70A for single phase use

Type 1 > 1 > 230 V > only 1 > 32 A > up to 7.2 kW > IP XX D > IP XX B (D optional) application > car and infrastructure > infrastructure > car only

Not to scale

Standards should remove market barriers and not create new ones – why should we accept national requirements for a new infrastructure to be build up?

DC Charging: Combined Charging System Proposed

Seven big car manufacturers have agreed

• n standards for DC fast charging: Audi,

BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Porsche and Volkswagen.

Several coordinated standardization projects (IEC & ISO) for combined charging system are ongoing – German NC is a driving force.  No need for proprietary (or national) solutions!

Connector, vehicle inlet System / Station Communi- Cation Signaling Electric vehicle

IEC62196-3 IEC61851-23 IEC61851-23 ISO/IEC15118

Example: vehicle connector based on AC type 1 Example: vehicle connector and inlet based on AC type 2

The German Standardization Roadmaps for Electro-Mobility http://www.vde.com/en/dke/std/Pages/EMobility.aspx (also in English)

2010 2012 2014 2017 2020

International cooperation/liaison with other organizations Internationality of standardization Charging stations HV on-board network Battery safety Inductive charging Smart grid compatible Reboot grid Charging interfaces Dynamic load management Rescue guidelines Battery system Charging stations Vehicles/systems Environmental conditions Cell dimensions Battery connections Vehicles/systems

• The German Standardization Roadmap for Electro-Mobility Version 1

has been published end of 2010 …

• … and will be updated by autumn 2011 (to be published soon)