Mobile Data Transfer -Access Technologies for 3G Services- Bonn, - - PDF document

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Mobile Data Transfer -Access Technologies for 3G Services- Bonn, - - PDF document

Apr 10, 2024 270 likes •654 views

Mobile Data Transfer -Access Technologies for 3G Services- Bonn, April 8, 2003 Presented by: Vice President Training Telecommunication Networks Klingenhofstrasse 58, 90411 Nuremberg / Germany About TOP... WBTs: GPRS, UMTS, TCP/IP,

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Klingenhofstrasse 58, 90411 Nuremberg / Germany

”Mobile Data Transfer”

  • Access Technologies for 3G Services-

Bonn, April 8, 2003 Presented by:

Vice President Training Telecommunication Networks

2  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

About TOP...

Training Information Technology Training Telecomms. Networks Consultancy Mobile & Fixed Networks Training & Consultancy

  • Org. & Mngmt.

Development Training

  • Proj. Mngmt.
  • Indiv. Skills

Training & Consultancy TQM ISO / TL9000 ! Since 1994, independent training institute, privately owned ! Training centers: Nuremberg, Hamburg, Neuss, Neu-Ulm ! Total Staff in 2003: 65 ! Total Sales in 2002: EUR 7.7m ! DIN EN ISO 9001 certification since 1993 ! ETSI, 3GPP, EFQM member

WBTs: GPRS, UMTS, TCP/IP, GSM, ATM, VoIP

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3  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Possible Mobile Data Technologies

GSM GPRS HSCSD EDGE UMTS Bluetooth DECT IrDA SatCom WLAN

4  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Presentation Contents

GSM GPRS HSCSD UMTS Bluetooth WLAN

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5  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Throughput Capability

throughput bps

10 k 100 k

64 k

1 M 1 k

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Time frame

UMTS <2Mbps

GPRS ~53kbps

HSCSD

9.6 57.6

c i r c u i t p a c k e t

Bluetooth <1Mbps

10 M

IEEE802.11b <11Mbps

1998

Still Alive: GSM Data Services

Tele-Services Bearer-Services Supplementary Services Value Added Services OSI Layer 1 - 3

9.6kbps

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7  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

BSS MSC/IWF PSTN Transparent: Terminal Protocol handles corrections Non-Transparent: RLP error handling

Transparent / Non-transparent Mode

Transparent Mode – Forward Error Correction by Data Terminal Equipment – requires constant data rate Non-transparent Mode – RLP by MS and IWF – Enables flexible bit rates

8  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Standard Channel Coding

Block Code 240 + 4 1/2 Rate Convolutional Code Puncturing 488 - 32 12 kbps (9.6 net) 22.8 kbps 240 244 bits / 20 ms 488 456

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9  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GSM CS Data Applications

0.3...9.6kbps Circuit-switched Expensive (time-based billing) E-mail browsing (headlines, low content) M2M (Machine-to-Machine communications)

– Vending machine control – Traffic flow measurements

A First Step Forward: TS Bundling With High-Speed CS Data

3+1 TCH BSC 3+1 TCH

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11  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

HSCSD Key Features (1)

Smooth integration into infrastructure by SW updates Net bit rate per TS boost from 9.6 to 14.4 kbps by improved channel coding

Block Code 290 + 4 1/2 Rate Convolutional Code Puncturing 588 - 132 14.5 kbps (14.4 net) 22.8 kbps 290 294 bits / 20 ms 588 456

12  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

HSCSD Key Features (2)

TCH bundling: 1...4, different for UL and DL Higher net bit rate but less resistant against interference Handover problems at cell borders Adaptive Link Adaptation: Selects either standard or improved channel coding according to transmission quality (BER) for

  • ptimized data transmission

No QoS levels

TCH 9.6 kbps Input 14.4 kbps Input 1 9.6 14.4 2 19.2 28.8 3 28.8 43.2 4 38.4 57.6

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13  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

HSCSD System Architecture

BTS BSC TRAU MSC IWF Max. 4 TCH PSTN ISDN PDN Split & combine function located in IWF of MSC and MS IWF /MSC: Mapping of 4 TCH at 64kbps each to 1 TCH at 64kbps towards PSTN MS: – 3 TS offset between TX and RX – TS for adjacent cell monitoring – Max. no. of 4 TCH (with 2nd RX)

14  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

E-Mail retrieval with low volume attachments Data download from host PC Web surfing Still time-based billing Available at:

–

Few roaming possibilities

HSCSD Applications

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From CS To PS Data: General Packet Radio Service

GPRS network

Packet Data Network Packet Data Network Packet Data Network Packet Data Network 16  TOP Business AG

TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

The Idea

GSM Load GPRS Load

GPRS Load GSM Load Necessary Capacity Capacity used for delayed GPRS traffic Time

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17  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS As A Part Of The Packet World

GPRS Network 201.19.26.0 Network A 202.74.18.0 Network B 198.14.76.0 201.19.26.43 201.19.26.86 202.74.18.26 198.14.76.4 198.14.76.27 Router (IP)

18  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Terminals Types

Type A - GSM attached AND GPRS attached – simultaneous voice and packet data – two radio chains required Type B - GSM attached AND GPRS attached – alternate voice and packet data – required for mass market applications – complex implementation Type C - GSM attached OR GPRS attached – manually switched – simple to implement

Class C Class A Class B

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19  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

MS Classes For Multislot Capabilities Multislot class

  • max. no. of TS

class class1 class2 class3 class4 . . class8 . . class17 . . class29 RX 1 2 2 3 . . 4 . . 7 . . 8 TX 1 1 2 1 . . 1 . . 7 . . 8

Limitation in Phase1

20  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Services

A B

Point -to-Point Services

– PTP Connection-Less Network Services (PTP-CLNS) using IP – PTP Connection-Oriented Network Services (PTP-CONS) using X.25

Point-to-Multipoint Services

– Transmission of packets between a service requester and a receiver group currently located within a geographical area – Both, the receiver group and the geographical area are specified by the service requester – PTM-M : PTM Multicast – PTM-G : PTM Group Call – IP-M : IP Multicast

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21  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

QoS Parameter

Quality of Service (QoS) profile defines the quality of service expected in terms the following attributes: – precedence class – delay class – reliability class – peak throughput class – mean throughput class

22  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Network Architecture

Gb PSTN ISDN GMSC MSC HLR AuC EIR VLR TC BSC BTS BTS A A-ter A-bis A-bis A Um SSS SMS-C BSS

INTERNET INTER-PLMN GPRS Backbone

GGSN BG SGSN Gi Gp

FW

Gn Gn PCU GGSN CG

GPRS Backbone

Ga BC DNS Gd Gr Gf Gs GPRS Core

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23  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Converts protocols used in the IP backbone to protocols used in the BSS and the MS Takes care of authentication and mobility management Routes data to the relevant GGSN when connection to an external network is required Collects charging data and traffic statistics Ciphers the Packet Data Unit (PDU)

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) Tasks

Routing Table Routing Table

24  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) Tasks

T h e Wo rl d R
  • b
i n so n P ro j ecti o n B r u c e J o n e s D e s i g n I n c . 1 9 9 2

Address Address Mapping Mapping Routing Table Routing Table

Acts as the interface between the GPRS network and external networks Collects charging data and traffic statistics Allocates IP addresses for users Routes packets coming from external networks towards the correct SGSN and vice versa

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25  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Packet Control Unit (PCU)

SGSN BSC

PCU

Radio part Packet part

Gb

Relay function BSSGP Frame Relay RLC blocks TRAU frames management

Packet Control Unit

BTS + CCU

Abis synchronous asynchronous

26  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Additional GPRS Network Elements

RADIUS DNS DHCP Border Gateway SGSN Intra- GPRS Backbone

  • ther network

NAT

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27  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Domain Name Server (DNS)

DNS Server IP address Symbolic name 192.168.0.1 www.topbusinessag.com

28  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Remote Access Dial In User Server (RADIUS)

RADIUS Server RADIUS Client RADIUS Client

  • authentication
  • allocation of

IP address

  • authentication
  • allocation of

IP address request

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29  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server ( DHCP)

DHCP Server Request for IP address Allocation for a leased time

30  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Border Gateway (BG)

Border Gateway Network A Network B

! Routing ! Address translation ! Port translation ! Fire-Wall functionality

Transit Network

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31  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Open Network Interfaces

Gb PSTN ISDN GMSC MSC HLR AuC EIR VLR TC BSC BTS BTS A A-ter A-bis A-bis A Um SSS SMS-C BSS

INTERNET INTER-PLMN GPRS Backbone

GGSN BG SGSN Gi Gp

FW

Gn Gn PCU GGSN CG

GPRS Backbone

Ga BC DNS Gd Gr Gf Gs GPRS Core

!Gb: between SGSN and BSS

(Frame Relay)

!Gn: between GSNs

(GPRS Tunneling Protocol)

!Gr: between SGSN and HLR

(SS7-MAP)

!Gs: between SGSN and MSC

(SS7-BSSAP+)

!Gi: between GGSN and external

data networks (IP or X.25)

!Gf: between SGSN and EIR

(SS7-MAP)

!Gd: between SGSN and GMSC

/SMS-C (SS7-MAP)

!Gp: between GSNs of different

PLMNs (GPRS Tunneling Protocol)

32  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Air Interface: Timeslot Allocation

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33  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GPRS Channel Coding

Four different channel coding schemes have been defined for GPRS:

  • Coding Scheme 1 (CS-1)
  • Coding Scheme 2 (CS-2)
  • Coding Scheme 3 (CS-3)
  • Coding Scheme 4 (CS-4)

RLC/MAC block data 1 Packet=4 bursts

Channel Coding Scheme CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 Single TSL Data Rate 9.05 kbps 13.4 kbps 15.6 kbps 21.4 kbps 3 TSL Data Rate 27.15 kbps 40.2 kbps 46.8 kbps 64.2 kbps 8 TSL Data Rate 72.0 kbps 107.2 kbps 124.8 kbps 171.2kbps

34  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Coding Scheme Throughputs

Coding Scheme CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4

Theoretical RLC/MAC User Throughput (kbps) User Throughput at Application layer in kbps (without retransmission) Effective User Throughput at Application layer in kbps (with retransmissions: BLER = 4%) Effective User Throughput at Application layer in kbps (with retransmissions: BLER = 10%) 8 7.0 6.7 6.3 12 14.4 20 10.6 10.2 12.8 17.9 12.3 17.3 9.5 11.5 16.2

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35  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Coding Scheme Areas

36  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

User Throughput vs. C/I ratio

5 10 15 20 25 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

C / I ( dB ) User Data Throughput (kbps)

C S - 1 C S - 2 C S - 3 C S - 4

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19 19 Global Multimedia Mobility: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

Power Spectral Density (PSD) Frequency Noise Level Narrowband Waveform Spread Waveform Power Spectral Density (PSD) Frequency 38  TOP Business AG

TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Evolution from GSM to UMTS

Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

GSM BSS GSM NSS UTRAN

A

IWUIA GPRS CN IWUIGb

Gb Iu

Circuit Switched Networks

(e.g. ISDN)

Packet Switched Networks

(e.g. Internet)

UMTS CN UMTS R99 = GSM (Speech) Services + GPRS (Data) Services

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39  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth GMSC VLR BTS BSC TC NODE B GGSN RNC SGSN PSTN PSTN Internet Internet NODE B RNC BG CG PLMN PLMN MSC VLR

Abis Ater A Gb Iub Iups Iur Iucs Gn Ga Gp Gn

BC

Uu Um Gr

EIR

Gf Gs

LIG

Gn Gi

SMSC

Gd

AuC HLR

UMTS Network Interfaces

40  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

ME USIM

+ =

!

ME Mobile Equipment

!

USIM Universal SIM

!

UE User Equipment

UE

User Equipment (UE)

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41  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Node B (UMTS Base Station)

– Transmitter (TX) / Receiver (RX) functions – Spreading and de-spreading – Softer Handover arrangements – Power Control – Micro Diversity – Encoding and decoding – Uu interface channelization – Iub signaling and switching – ATM termination

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

– Radio Resource Management (RRM) – Radio Resource Control (RRC) – Telecommunication Management

UTRAN Element Tasks

RNC

42  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

GSM-NSS / GPRS-CN / Additional Elements Connection Management (CM)

– Bearer Management (BM) – Call Control (CC) – Supplementary Service (SS) – Short Message Service (SMS)

Session Management (SM) Mobility Management (MM) Security issues Charging

UMTS Core Network Element Tasks

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43  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

IMT-2000 by ITU-R

Europe Japan Korea UTRA-FDD (WCDMA) _________

(3GPP)

IMT-DS Direct Spread Europe Japan PR China UTRA TDD (TD-CDMA) _________

(3GPP)

IMT-TC Time Code USA cdma2000 _________

(3GPP2)

IMT-MC Multi Carrier USA UWC-136 (EDGE) _________

(UWCC/ETSI)

IMT-SC Single Carrier Europe DECT ___________

(ETSI)

IMT-FT Frequency Time IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces by ITU-R

Source: GSMQ, March 2001

UMTS Approach

44  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Modes

TD-CDMA (derived from GSM)

! Time Division Duplex (TDD) in unpaired band ! High data rates up to 2 Mbps ! Both symmetric and asymmetric traffic supported ! Suitable for small cells (Pico ... Micro) ! Does not require special wireless network functions

W-CDMA (derived from IS-95)

! Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in paired bands ! Medium data rates up to 384 kbps (2Mbps with restrictions) ! Suitable for larger cells ! Requires extremly fast & precise power control and soft

handovers

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45  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WCDMA FDD Mode Principle UL DL Code Frequency Time

46  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WCDMA TDD Mode Principle UL DL Code Frequency Time

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47  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

UMTS Spectrum Overview

2200 MHz 2000 1900 1950 2050 2100 2150 1850

Japan

IMT-2000 Mobile Satellite PHS IMT-2000 Mobile Satellite IMT-2000 IMT-2000 Mobile Satellite Mobile Satellite

ITU Europe

UMTS (12 x FDD) Mobile Satellite DECT UMTS

(4 x TDD)

UMTS (12 x FDD) Mobile Satellite SPA

UMTS (1 xTDD)

GSM 1800

USA

PCS (GSM 1900) PCS unlicensed PCS (GSM 1900) Mobile Satellite Mobile Satellite

48  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Frequency Allocation in Germany

Source: RegTP, Aug 2000

f / MHz Vodafone T-D1 Mobilcom e-plus Group 3G 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 2020 2025

Frequencies for FDD Mode:

Vodafone T-D1 O2 Mobilcom e-plus Group 3G 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 f / MHz

Frequencies for TDD Mode:

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49  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WCDMA Radio Frame Structure Time Code

~666.7 µs

Frame = 10 ms

TS 0 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 T S 1 T S 1 1 TS 12 TS 13 T S 1 4

Frequency

50  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Separation By WCDMA Codes "

Subscriber 2 Subscriber 1 1 2 2 1 2 1

" ☺ $ ☺ $ ☺ $ ☺ $

Subscriber 1 Code 1 Subscriber 2 Code 2

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51  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Direct Sequence Code Spreading (1)

S1(t) C1(t) C1(t) + S2(t) C2(t) C1(t) S1(t) C1(t) C2(t) + S2(t) C2(t) C2(t)

Air-Interface

C1(t) C2(t)

∫

Integrator

∫

Integrator

Baseband part Baseband part S1(t) S2(t)

M1(t) M2(t)

Demodulator Demodulator

1 1 Baseband part Baseband part

M1(t) M2(t)

S1(t) S2(t) C1(t) C2(t) S1(t) C1(t) S2(t) C2(t) Modulator

52  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Direct Sequence Code Spreading (2)

Power Spectral Density (PSD) Frequency Noise Level Narrow-band Waveform Spread Waveform Power Spectral Density (PSD) Frequency

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53  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Direct Sequence Code Spreading (3)

5 MHz 3.84 MHz

f Power

54  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Direct Sequence Code Spreading (4)

User Data User Data x Code De-spread Seq.

(Code 4,2)

De-spread Data Spread Seq.

(Code 4,2)

1 1

Signal After Integration ( 0 -1 )

1 1 4

  • 4

Symbol Chip

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55  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WCDMA Channelization & Scrambling Code

Speech / Data Signaling Code 1 Code 2 Code 3 Pseudo- random code

Channelization & Spreading Scrambling Signature / ID

56  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

UMTS Service Capabilities

Real Time / Constant Delay Non Real Time / Variable Delay Operating Environment Rural Outdoor (Terminal Speed up to 500 km/h) (Sub-) Urban

  • utdoor

(Terminal Speed up to 120 km/h) Indoor / Low Range Outdoor (Terminal speed up to 10 km/h) Peak Bit Rate BER /

  • Max. Transfer Delay Peak Bit Rate

BER /

  • Max. Transfer Delay
  • min. 144 kbps

(preferable: 384 kbps) 2 Mbps 10-3 - 10-7 / 20 - 300 ms 10-5 - 10-8 / 150 ms or more

  • min. 144 kbps

(preferable: 384 kbps)

  • min. 384 kbps

(preferable: 512 kbps) 2 Mbps 10-3 - 10-7 / 20 - 300 ms 10-3 - 10-7 / 20 - 300 ms 10-5 - 10-8 / 150 ms or more 10-5 - 10-8 / 150 ms or more

  • min. 384 kbps

(preferable: 512 kbps)

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UMTS Threat? IEEE802.11 WLAN

58  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WLAN - The Ultimate 3G Threat

IEEE802.11 standard available since 1997

– 2.4GHz ISM & 5GHz band – Unlicensed! – Access points and terminals now available at moderate costs

In-house coverage for UMTS-like data services

– <11Mbps – <54Mbps

Today: isolated networks Tomorrow: interconnected?

LAN 1 LAN 1

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59  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Ad-hoc WLAN

LAN created solely by wireless devices themselves, with no central controller or access point Each device communicates directly with other devices in the network

Desktop Laptop Tablet

AD HOC Network

60  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Infrastructure WLAN

Device traffic is managed by access point Carrier-sense collision-avoidance protocol is used

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61  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Roaming WLAN

State and location information must be moved along with the station Protocols to transfer this information are not defined in the standard Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP) under development for roaming and multi-vendor interoperability

62  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Current WLAN Implementations

First focused on the U.S., now spreading globally PC cards <$100.-, subscription fee <$15.-/month Airwave

– www.airwave.com

Mobilestar

– www.mobilestar.com – 3000 Starbucks outlets – Hotels in 27 U.S. states – 16 airport lounges

Wayport Inc.

– www.wayport.net

Surf And Sip Inc.

– www.surfandsip.com

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63  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

WLAN Key Characteristics

64  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Security Issues

Only low security mechanisms available: optional Service Set Identifier (SSID) Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) algorithm with 40-bit / 104- bit secret key for authentication and encryption No management protocol for key distribution defined 802.1x standard was developed specifically to address this issue Access point acts as authenticator using Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) server

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65  TOP Business AG TM / BKU, NGN, V1.0, Mar 02

GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

UMTS - WLAN Co-existence (1)

Coverage / Availability – UMTS: rural...country-wide...regional...globally – WLAN: hot spots Data Rate – UMTS: <2Mbps – WLAN: <11...54Mbps Commercial Availability: – UMTS: year-end 2003 – WLAN: year-end 2002 Costs – UMTS: high – WLAN: low

Pushes Demand

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GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Combined Future: UMTS R-5 Architecture

IP / MPLS Backbone IP Connectivity Layer

.

Signaling & Data Transfer Interface Signaling Interface

IPv6 Core Network

SGSN Router

IP-RAN

CRRM Server Radio Access Server

Application Servers

GGSN RAN GW

SGSN Server HSS

Service Enabling Platform IP Multimedia & Messaging

CPS Messaging Servers

OSS & Policy

Service Creation Environment

Broad band GW Media GW

Internet Internet PSTN PSTN xDSL WLAN BRAN xDSL WLAN BRAN GSM / EDGE TDMA / EDGE WCDMA 1XEV-DV GSM / EDGE TDMA / EDGE WCDMA 1XEV-DV

Control Plane User & GW Plane

MSS

B-(R)AN

OMC

  • Netw. Mngmt.
  • Netw. Mngmt.
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Short Range Connectivity:

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Key Features

For voice and data transmission Global usage Low power consumption Based on open standards Very small size Very low cost Line-of-sight not necessary Displacement of IrDA Rival technology to DECT, HomeRF, IEEE 802.11 Interference with IEE802.11!

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Bluetooth Topology

2 topology types: – Piconet with a max. of 8 devices – Scatternet: up to 10 piconets can communicate with each

  • ther

First device that establishes a communication acts as master and determines physical network parameter (e.g., frequency hopping sequence, synchronization)

Point-to-Point Scatternet Point-to-Multipoint

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Radio Unit

Spectrum: 2,402 - 2,480 MHz

  • No. of used frequencies:

79 Multiple Access: CDMA (FHSS) Frequency hopping rate: 1,600 sec-1 TX power: 0 dBm (optional range:

  • 30 .. +20 dBm)

RX sensitivity:

  • 70 dBm

Link range: 0.1 .. 10m (with increased TX power: up to 100m) Authentication: “SAFER+” Algorithm with128 bit key Ciphering key: 8...128bits

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GSM HSCSD GPRS UMTS WLAN Bluetooth

Synchronous Connection-oriented Link (SCO) – P-t-P, for speech services – 2 sub-sequent TS used in fixed intervals – P-t-MP, for symmetric / asymmetric data links – 64kbps Asynchronous Connectionless Link (ACL) – 2 x 432.6 kbps – 721 + 57.6 kbps

Connection Types

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Bluetooth Profiles

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Finally... More info... – bernhard.kuhn@topbusinessag.com – www. topbusinessag.com – www.business-interactive.com

Thanks a lot for Your attention... ...and further enjoy the conference!!