Methodological basis for product-related eco-design Part A: R. Zst - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Methodological basis for product-related eco-design Part A: R. Zst - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 16, 2023 110 likes •608 views

Methodological basis for product-related eco-design Part A: R. Zst (Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering) ECODESIGN PILOT Ecodesign Process Integration in product development Part B: R. Hgger (Head of Environment &

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Methodological basis for product-related eco-design

  • R. Züst
  • R. Högger

Part A: R. Züst (Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering)

  • ECODESIGN PILOT
  • Ecodesign Process
  • Integration in product development

Part B: R. Högger (Head of Environment & Sustainability, Geberit)

  • Company Profile
  • Geberit and Environment
  • LCA Duofix WC-Element
  • Ecodesign in practice

Part C: Discussion

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

  • Dr. sc. techn., Dipl. Masch. Ing. ETH
  • 1993 – 1999 Assistant Professor at ETH Zurich
  • since 2000 Visiting Professor at Vienna University of

Technology (www.ecodesign.at)

  • 2001-2004: ETHags – Center for Sustainability at

ETH Zurich (www.ags.ethz.ch)

  • since 2002: „Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering“

SISE AG (www.swissinstitute.ch)

  • Author of different books

Rainer Züst

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Examples of Projects

  • Reorganisation of the administration
  • Courses in Project Management
  • Ecodesign (Business-Area electric tools)
  • Ecodesign (WEEE & RoHS-standards)
  • Ecodesign (Workshops)
  • Ecodesign (strategic issues and teaching)
  • Ecodesign (EUP, Ecodesign standards)
  • lectures
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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Benefit from Ecodesign

  • innovative products
  • improved cost structure
  • future-orientedness of the enterprise
  • improved environmental performance
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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Focus on Ecodesign

  • ISO 14’001/2004: indirect impacts (including products

and services)

  • ISO/TR 14’062: Integration Environmental Aspects in

Product development

  • Laws and regulations: for example WEEE and RoHS

(product concept), and especially EUP

  • ….

Focus more on products & services

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Options to improve products

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

ECODESIGN PILOT

Basic documentation:

  • (learning) book
  • CD-ROM
  • www.ecodesign.at/pilot

(5 languages)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Knowledge about ECODESIGN (ll)

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Knowledge about ECODESIGN (lll)

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

ECODESIGN-Process (l): Life-Cycle Thinking

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

ECODESIGN-Process (ll): Strategies und Measures

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

ECODESIGN-Process (lll): Risk and Benefit

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

A short example

4 steps:

  • Life-Cycle-Thinking and

environmental-oriented evaluation (=> significant environmental impacts)

  • improvement strategies
  • successful measures
  • implementation in the

developing process

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Life-Cycle-Thinking

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Improvement

www.ecodesign.at/pilot

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Possible Strategies

www.ecodesign.at/pilot

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example

[Wimmer, Züst, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Working with Check-Lists

www.ecodesign.at/pilot

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

  • 1. Product specific analysis and environmental-oriented

evaluation; that would mean: environmental-oriented strength & weaknesses; environmental-oriented SWOT

  • 2. Effective environmental-oriented strategies and

successful improvement measures (design tasks)

  • 3. Efficient product improvement process
  • 4. Integration in planning process
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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Product Model (Life-Cycle-Thinking)

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Environmental View

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view KEA LCA

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Environmental Evaluation

  • Environmental effects:

Environmental impacts environmental problems:

  • ressources, polution, distruction
  • local, regional, global

using eco-inventories (for example: ecoinvent.ch)

  • Environmental-oriented indicators:

using indicators, for example

  • cost-profile, mass-profile
  • energy-profile
  • profile of environmental harmful substancies
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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Energy Analysis (KEA)

  • 100.00

0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00

Energieaufwand für Rohstoffgewinnung Energieaufwand für Herstellung Energieaufwand für Distribution Energieaufwand für Betrieb Energieaufwand für Recycling

MJ

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Life-Cycle-Assessment

Raw material Manufacture Distribution Product Use End of Life GW AD EU POC ARD

  • 10,00%

0,00% 10,00% 20,00% 30,00% 40,00% 50,00% 60,00% 70,00%

Weighted impact over the product life cycle

GW AD EU POC ARD

  • Global warming (GW)
  • Ozone layer depletion

(OD)

  • Acidification (AD)
  • Eutrophication (EU)
  • Photochemical oxidant

creation (POC)

  • Abiotic resource

depletion (ARD)

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Different views

Cost profil Mass profile Energy profile Environmental profile

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view E-BM E-QFD

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Environmental QFD

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Environmental Benchmarking

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee, 2002]

Ecodesign-Assistant

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign-Assistant

www.ecodesign.at/assistent

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (l)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (ll)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (lll)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (lV)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (V)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (Vl)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Example (Vll)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Integration in Product Development

[Wimmer, Züst, Lee (2004)]

Integration in developing process

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

12 Steps

Reference model:

  • Environmental analysis:

Step 1 – Step 4

  • Search for measures:

Step 5 and Step 6

  • Implementation:

Step 7 – Step 11

  • Communication:

Step 12

(Springer 2004)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Step 1 – Step 4

Step 1: What product(-system) has to be redesigned? (product model, based on environmental parameter) Step 2: What are the stakeholder requirements? What is expected from the product? (E-QFD, based on environmental parameters) Step 3: Which are the environmental-oriented strength and weaknesses compared with competitors products? (E-BM, based on environmental parameters) Step 4: What are the significant environmental aspects of the product throughout its entire life cycle? ( environmental aspects)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Step 5 and Step 6

Step 5: How to combine stakeholder’s requirements and significant aspects into improvement strategies (selection of strategies by using ECODESIGN PILOT (or ECODESIGN assistant)) Step 6: Which ECODESIGN guidelines should be implemented in the product (selection of measures by using the checklists from ECODESIGN PILOT)

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Step 7 – Step 12

Step 7: What are the product specifications to start with? Step 8: How to modify the functional structure of the product? Step 9: How to generate new ideas for the functions of the product? Step 10: How to generate and select the best product concept variants? Step 11: How does the improved product look like? Step 12: How to communicate the environmental improvements

  • f the product to the market?
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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Ecodesign Process

Environmental view Laws, standards, … Competitor’s product(s) Product improvement ECODESIGN tasks Integration in developing process Customer’s view E-BM E-QFD Ecodesign-Assistant KEA LCA

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Swiss Institute for Systems Engineering Rainer Züst

Conclusion (l)

1. Clear and easy understandable systematic 2. New ideas with Life-Cycle-Thinking 3. Three dimensional environmental analysis 4. Guided workshops; interdisciplinary discussion 5. Ecodesign strategies and improvement measures in the language of designers and engineers 6. Easy integration in (already existing) developing processes 7. Mostly no contradiction between economical and ecological measure