Mediterranean Agricultural Wastes: As Renewable Source Hakan Cay, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mediterranean Agricultural Wastes: As Renewable Source

Hakan Cay, G. Duman T ac, Gizem Balmuk, I. Cem Kantarli, Jale Yanik

Ege University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Izmir,T urkey

• General Knowledge
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Conclusion

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

WHAT IS BIOCHAR ?

INTRODUCTION

Solid product from thermochemical processing of biomass

WHAT IS BIOCHAR?

5

Dry and Wet Carbonization

INTRODUCTION

Dry Carbonization (Pyrolysis) Wet Carbonization (Hydrothermal Carbonization)

6

Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) converts wet biomass into biochar (hydrochar)

INTRODUCTION

Water- biomass suspension 180-250 °C Autogeneous pressure

7

Specifjc objectives

• to optimize of both DC and WC conditions depending on

mass yield energy densification (HHV of biochar /HHV of biomass)

• to compare the combustion and gasification characteristics of raw

biomasses with their biochars

Aim The management of pruning residues

from olive tree and vineyards via biochar production

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Hydrothermal Carbonization-WC

• Initial N2 pressure of 1 MPa
• Temperatures: 200-260 °C
• Duration: 0-240 min.
• water:biomass: 5:1

MATERIAL-METHOD

Pyrolysis(DC)

• -Temperatures: 250-500 °C
• Duration: 60 and 120 min.
• N2 flow rate: 25 mL/min

Olive tree pruning

wt %, (db) ash 5.5 C 49.9 8 VM 67.9 H 6.45 FC 26.6 N 1.88 HHV, MJ/kg : 24.75 S 0.15

Vineyard pruning

wt %, (db) ash 2.4 C 47.1 4 VM 71.2 H 6.46 FC 31.9 N 0.95 HHV, MJ/kg : 24.75 S 0.20

MATERIAL-METHOD

Biochar

Bio-oil /Aqueous solution CO2, CO, CHs, H2

C

• m

b u s t i

• n

RESUL TS- DRY CARBONIZATION

Vineyard pruning Olive pruning Vineyard pruning

RESUL TS-WET CARBONIZATION

200 220 240 260 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2 1,25 1,3 1,35 1,4 1,45 1,5 15 30 60 120 240

Energy Densifjcation

Vineyard pruning Olive pruning

RESUL TS

RESUL TS

Vineyard pruning Olive pruning

RESUL TS

350 °C, 60 min

OPR 41 % yield 26.5 MJ/kg VY 37 % yield 28.4 MJ/kg

220 °C, 60 min

OPR 56 % yield 25.9 MJ/kg VY 56 % yield 23.9 MJ/kg

Like bituminous coal Like lignite

DC WC

RESUL TS - Steam Gasifjcation

H2 Yields

OTP OTP-WC OTP-DC VY VY-WC VP-DC Ash, % 5.9 6.33 11.9 2.3 1 7.9 C, % 57.16 60.9 64.4 47.14 59.22 72.4

RESUL TS - Combustion

Ignition T . °C, Burnout T . °C Reactivity, (% min-1 K-

1)

VY 250 478 1.36 VY

• WC

288 517 1.82 VY

• DC

357 507 1.18 OPR 234 490 1.04 OPR-WC 278 535 1.17 OPR-DC 326 487 1.85 Lignite 359 649 0.84

CONCLUSION

• According to Van Krevelen Diagram, most of biochars

produced by DC were in the similar range of bituminous coal, while biochars obtained by WC showed a lignite-like structure.

• Biochars had higher ignition temperature than raw

biomasses.

• The reactivity of biochars were found to be higher than

that

• f lignite. The efgect of carbonization process type on

combustion reactivity varied depending on the biomass type. As conclusion, the results obtained in this study showed that dry carbonization of pruning wastes appears to be promising process to provide benefjts to energy sector as well as to protect environment.

Acknowledgement The fjnancial supports from TUBITAK (Project Contract No: 117M570) under the Eranet-Med2 Programme (Project Acronym: MEDWASTE) of the EU are gratefully acknowledged.

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