materials Nuclear safety is the set of technical and organizational - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transport of radioactive materials

Nuclear safety is the set of technical and

• rganizational measures for the design,

construction, operation, shutdown and dismantling of nuclear facilities, and the transport of radioactive substances, taken to prevent accidents and limit their effects

15 millions of packages called

“dangerous” per year in France

900 000 radioactive packages

 Inhalation or ingestion of radioactive particles in

the case of release of radioactive substances into the environment

 External irradiation of people in the event of

deterioration of the "biological protection package“

 Contamination of the environment in case of

release of radioactive substances

 Risk of criticality

Ability of some atoms to trigger a

uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction just because of their proximity

Favored in presence of water

Fire Mechanical impact due to a transport

accident

Introduction of water into the package Chemical interaction between the different

parts of the package

Heat release of the product

Necessity of control the

quality of these packages

3 missions

• Regulate: contribute to the development of

regulations, providing advices to the Government on the draft decrees and ministerial

• rders or taking regulatory technical decisions
• Control: verify compliance with the rules and

regulations which are subject facilities or activities it audits

• Inform: participate in public information,

including cases of emergency

Since 2006 Right to information and obligation of

information from the Administration and

• perators

Access to reports of controls from the

ASN

radiation at the surface of the vehicle :

Less than 2 mSv/h

Radiation at 2m: less than 0.1 mSv/h

Excepted packages Industrial packages and type A packages

non fissile

Type B and fissile packages Type C packages

Transport of very low radioactive

quantites, like radiopharmaceuticals

Industrial: low concentration in terms of

radioactivity

Type A non fissile: radioactive

substances with a low total activity

Regulation: tests to assess their robustness

• exposure to a severe storm (rainfall of 5 cm per hour

for at least one hour)

• fall onto an unyielding surface of a variable height

depending on the weight of the package (maximum 1.20 m)

• compression equivalent to 5 times the mass of the

package

• penetration by dropping of a standard bar of a

height of 1m on the package

Results: no increase of the radiation more

than 20%

most radioactive substances such as

spent fuel, nuclear waste vitrified high- level and long-lived or the new fuel

Around 60 000 packages per year in

France

Height: 6.12m Diameter: 2.43m Container weight during

filling: 114,3 t max

Capacity: 20 or 28 cans with

glass HLW

Designed so that safety is

ensured even during transport accident

• three events in series

 9m drop onto an unyielding surface = shock of 50 km/h  1m drop on a punch  encircling fire of at least 800 ° C for 30 minutes

• Immersion in water to a depth of 15m, or 200m for

spent fuel, for 8 hours

Result: maximum 10 mSv/h at 1m

Tansport of highly radioactive materials

by air

 No approval in France for Type C

packages for civil use

For every new model of transport

packages, the designer has to prove the compliance with safety standards

Around 10 years to get it

periodic inspections of the components

• f the containment (screws, bolts, welds,

seams…)

periodic inspections of securing and

handling members

Checking of the storage conditions of

packaging components

Half of the controls Checking of the marking, labeling,

signaling and transport documents