Mainstreaming co-benefits approach in the transport sector Jane - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Mainstreaming co-benefits approach in the transport sector Jane - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 22, 2024 19 likes •213 views

Mainstreaming co-benefits approach in the transport sector Jane Romero Climate Change Group IGES WANTED: sustainable transport roadmap Traffic is not just a line of cars. It is a web of connections. A real solution will look at

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Mainstreaming co-benefits approach in the transport sector

Jane Romero Climate Change Group IGES

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 2

WANTED: sustainable transport roadmap

“Traffic is not just a line of cars. It is a web of connections. A real solution will look at

relationships across the entire road network and all the other

systems that are touched by it: our supply chains, our environment, our companies, the way people and communities live and work.” IBM 2010 Commuter Pain Survey

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 3

Urgent domestic problems Measures for environmental pollution Measures for climate change Urgent international problems (Approach to global environmental issues)

Co-benefits

TRANSPORT CO-BENEFITS APPROACH: aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, prevent environmental pollution, and support sustainable development all at the same time

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 4

CDM GEF Mitigation Fund Climate Funds ODA Domestic Funding Private Funding

Who pays for what?

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 5

Transport projects/policies are not created equal

Pollution CO2 Congestion

Improve – reduce emissions per km Technology / vehicle change

+++ ++ ?

Improved driving skills

++ + +

Fuel-switch (CNG, LPG, biofuels)

++ ? ?

Shift – reduce emissions per unit transported Passenger transport: Mode switch

+++ ++ +++

Usage of larger units

+ + ++

Improved occupancy rates

++ ++ ++

Freight transport

++ ++ ++

Avoid – reduce number of trips Land use – Behavioral change

+++ +++ ++

TDM / TOD

++ +++ ++

Source: CAI-Asia, 2008

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 6

Why quantify co-benefits?

everyone appreciates the “co-benefits approach” but

  • perationalizing the concept is perceived as hard work

with less incentive

  • the numbers serve as proof to influence

better decision-making and implementation

  • if it can be measured, it can be managed
  • the ‘proof’ can leverage financing
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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 7

Not a new tool, bringing in more benefits

SD impacts measured in monetary terms SD benefits mentioned qualitatively Environmental impacts often neglected GHG reduction measured numerically Other SD impacts measured numerically also “PDD for NAMAs” PDD for CDM C/B Analysis GHG reduction measured numerically Balance bet. GHG and other co- benefits

MRV

Co-benefits

Construction emissions should also be added for large projects

Co-benefits CDM

Cost benefit Analysis

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 8

time savings GHG reductions air quality improvement road safety benefits vehicle

  • perating

costs savings

Transport Co-benefits Guidelines

Available for download at: http://www.cobenefit.org

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 9

Transport Co-benefits Calculator

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 10

Case study: Bangkok BRT

Emission reductions

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 11

Key points

 Transport co-benefits (carbon dioxide reductions, urban air pollution improvement, public health impacts, vehicle operating costs, time savings and accident reductions) are estimated to be greater in Asia than other regions. Among possible transport

  • ptions, public transportation projects have the highest co-benefits.

 Better decision-making is the key to capture holistic co-benefits

  • Engaging more stakeholders
  • “Re-educating” transport practitioners on other available sustainable

transport modes and so-called climate experts the on the ground realities in dealing with emissions from transport sector

  • CO2 reduction alone is not enough to influence policymakers to

adopt a paradigm shift, must highlight local developmental co-benefits

  • Climate funds could break the inertia; incentivize environmentally

sustainable, low-carbon transport policies and projects

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 12

  • To develop simplified transport

MRV methodologies

  • To map out data gaps between

data periodically collected by government agencies and data required to conduct MRV

  • To develop tools complementing

the transport MRV methodologies

Case studies Activities

  • Transport governance

and data collection at different level

  • Focus on road-based

transport emissions in the city level (Beijing, Wuhan, Delhi and Ahmedabad)

National Provincial City Transport Activity Modal structure Energy intensity Carbon content

  • Who collects data?
  • Mandate and authority of emissions

reporting and control?

  • Action plan with target?
  • Other policies and measures?
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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 13

Most likely scenario for MRV

may mainly reflect host countries’ needs may be less rigorous depending on the requirements

  • f

financiers; could be correlated to GHGs strict in quantifying emission reductions to be used as offsets; could be CDM-like

UNILATERAL CREDITED SUPPORTED

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 14

Most likely scenario for MRV

no need for new methodologies support is needed at the start; ex-ante estimation allowed (e.g. using GEF’s meth, JICA’s, etc) CDM-like to ensure environmental integrity of emission reductions to be used as offsets

UNILATERAL CREDITED SUPPORTED

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 15

 How to improve yet simplify existing CDM

methodologies?

 What are the data collected by government

agencies? Are those data sufficient enough for MRV requirements?

 How to transfer accumulated capacity based

from CDM experiences of private project proponents to government agencies implementing transport NAMAs?

Identified issues

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 16

  • use of default values
  • benchmarking
  • adjustment of initial values after verification
  • prioritize more capacity building
  • strengthen data collection and management

STEP 1

use of initial default values (ex-ante estimation)

STEP 2

actual survey (monitoring)

STEP 3

adjusted values (ex-post verification)

How to simplify CDM methodologies?

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 17

  • general transport data
  • number of vehicles, fuel consumption, traffic count,

trip length, mode share, vkt, ave. occupancy, ave. distance, travel time by mode, ave. speed, freight tonnes, kms of road, kms of footpaths and bike lanes, fuel efficiency, land use indicators, economic variables

  • transport project evaluation / approval
  • transport project monitoring and assessment
  • future plans on transport

Survey on transport data requirements

(Beijing, Wuhan, Delhi, Ahmedabad)

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 18

  • not all data required to conduct MRV are

routinely collected

  • transport data collected are scattered among

different agencies

  • transport data collected are not the same

across cities

  • capacity for data collection and management

also varies among agencies and cities

Findings from survey

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Jane Romero IGES | http://www.iges.or.jp 19

Thank you for your attention.

Email: romero@iges.or.jp Websites: www.iges.or.jp | ww.cobenefit.org