E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Regional Haze Rule Missouri Department of Natural Resources Air Pollution Control Program Prepared for: Missouri Air Conservation Commission December 3, 2019 1
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Outline • Overview of Regional Haze Program • Missouri’s Federal Class I Areas • Planning and SIP Development • Current Status and Future Plans 2
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Overview of the Regional Haze Program • Regional Haze is the impairment of visibility due to air pollutants from anthropogenic sources (40 CFR 51.301) • Stationary, mobile, and area emission sources, over a wide geographic area, contribute to visibility impairment • Primary mechanism of visibility impairment is light extinction caused by particulate matter 3
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Overview of the Regional Haze Program Hercules Glades Wilderness Area Visibility Index: 11 dv vs. 35 dv 4 (Source: http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/Improve/winhaze/)
~ ~ MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ======================= ----------- ----------- ----------- Overview of the Regional Haze Program Characteristics of Observer • Detection Thresholds • Psychological Response to Incoming Light • Value Judgements Light from clouds scattered Into 7 I Image-forming \. sight path , ll ght scattered , out of sight path ~ ~ -==-=;;=:=~,::.::=:::, Sunlight ~ scattered / Light reflected from ground Image-forming scattered Into llght absorbed sight path Source: Malm W.(1999) An Introduction to Visibility. Cooperative Institute for Resources in the Atmosphere. 5
■ ■ ■ ■ E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATU R AL RESOU R CES ========== ----- ----- - ----- a!:111 Overview of the Regional Haze Program • Particulate matter contributing to visibility impairment can be broken down into six categories, Organic ass or species I I Ca -o -. e e ta • The ambient air quality monitors Coa - se -- ass at Class I areas measure the A onium Sulfate contribution from each of these A - onium Nitrate particulate matter species 6
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Overview of the Regional Haze Program • 1999 - EPA adopted the Regional Haze Rule to protect Federal Class I areas from visibility impairment – Requires states to develop Regional Haze SIPs and revise them every 10 years • 2012 - EPA approved Missouri’s first Regional Haze SIP • 2017 - EPA revised the Regional Haze Rule - the 2 nd SIP revision deadline was extended from 2018 to 2021 7
i ~ ~ ~ ► . ~ ~ l h:tm MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Overview of the Regional Haze Program Federal Class I Areas ",/ • NC/RTH DAKOTA Qu ebec M NTANA MINNESOTA 0 tj[ BRUNS I( Montre .:il 0 r-. linneopoli t, o u .,w a 0 • WISCONSltl tlf •· OUTH DAKOTA r':>RK . ..,. _)REGO/I ,. Toro rt. oo u Owl 0 <; 1 . 111\ 't ukee G rJ nd R pids o R oc he:tt ie r ,. \. YC/MING 0 0 0 ,,. Bu ff alo \ o Boston -\ ► D e t1 0 11 p, 10-NA 0 Alban y p L A I N s Oo f.llCHI-.AN G R EA T Ch i " o Pr ov i de n ce s on Clevel nd o NEBRASKA L ak e City a ' Pltl5 bl Jr gh~ 0 OHIO 0 O N t!fWY0 l'k ILLINC/IS U NITED 0 lnd1 .anopohs Colu ~b u s. fl " 0 JJ etwor G R EA STATES P h1l a d elp t 11 a INDf'ANA 8 A S r ~ t- K r is s City o Cinc mn .:i t, \ ► UT.AH 0 NEVADA S t Lo 1..1 .s S .:i c ra menlo ~ I OLORADO Cir / OW sh ir "19 ton 0 0 KANSAS 0 MISSvURI 0 ! GI /~I 0 Lot 1i svllle \. 9- , Fran c~ t o ~i K NTUC"'t''r' q ~ Rich mon d J l orl olk q La s Vegas COLORADO G r ea ,sboro ~ ° 0 0 R .:i le1 h Ok l.:i homa 0 Nash~•ll eO Knoxv lll e/t PL TEA LI' 4 C ll y kl emptm ,0 0 TFNNE SEE Chari~ !• NORTH - 9KLAHOMA I .. • o LAROLI NA O ARKANSAS ARI 7'lNA G1eenville I A noel e5, NEIi MEXICO SOUTH :' 'Jt " " 0 \~ AROLINA ,. 0 B1r mm hom 1 Ot ego uEOR&IA \ S 01 Tu cs ckl TIJu no .ALABAI IA p' ;.,. E l Pa so---o TEXAS C 0 Au .:. tln LOUISIANA 0 F .. , RIOA O J ac ksonv 1l le S .1n A nt o na o 0 H oust on H erm osi llo 0 0 Chlhu.:ihua O rt.:indo 0 0 .,, ,,, OTam pa Torre6n 0 0 ~ o M o nt e rr ey Cul1 ac n o Esri, HERE , Ga rm in, I 8 Source: https://floridadep.gov/air/
► E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ================ ------- - ------- - ------- a!:111 Missouri’s Federal Class I Areas Hercules Glades Mingo Wilderness Area Wilderness Area c h _n ~· s _ r i a ::...c.:. n ~L__ Doug I as __ 1 Hercules G1 l lades Wayne Mi ngo Oz ark I CJ 1 County !Boundaries ...__ _______ j Butler ____.______. 9
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Soil ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF ======================= ----------- - ----------- ------------ NATURAL RESOURCES Missouri’s Federal Class I Areas Sum of Light Extinction (1/Mm) Sum of Light Extinction (1/Mm) Mingo Hercules Glades 160 160 140 140 120 120 PM S ies PM Species Soil 100 100 Organic Mass Organic Mass 80 80 Elemental Carbon Elemental Carbon 60 60 Coarse Mass Coarse Mass 40 40 Ammonium Sulfate Ammonium Sulfate I I I I I I 20 I I I I I I I Ammonium Nitrate 20 I Ammonium Ni trate I I I I I I I I 0 I I I I I I .... 0 .... rr, r,,.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... rr, r,,.. .... N <::t 1.0 00 C"I 0 N <::t 1.0 00 LI') LI') r,,.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... r,,.. N rt') <::I' \0 00 C"I 0 N rt') <::I' LI') \0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N Yea r ... Year ... Source: WRAP Technical Support System (http://views.cira.colostate.edu/tssv2/) 10
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ♦ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ♦ ~ MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES =================== ---------------------------- Missouri’s Federal Class I Areas Hercules Glades Mingo . 30 . -,-- :·. : !- .... _ ..... . 30 . ........... .... ~-- .... · . ··. -- .... .,. .., 25 ·. ~-- ...... ... ... _ ·. . .. •·. ---- ~· 25 · ... . ....... .... .... . --- ••.,• .... .... ..._ ·····. ....... ....... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ...... ... .... ....... 3: 20 . 3: 20 ..... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ....... Q) ·s: Q) ·s: 15 0 15 Cl 10 10 5 5 0------------------------ 0 # # # # ~ # J ........ 2004-2018 -- 2000-2004 Baseline --- Glide path • 2028 EPA's Modeling Result 11 Source: WRAP Technical Support System (http://views.cira.colostate.edu/tssv2/)
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Planning and SIP Development • Ultimate goal: Attain natural visibility conditions in all Federal Class I areas by 2064 • States required to develop ten-year plans to achieve the goal with a Uniform Rate of Progress • EPA approved Missouri’s 1 st Regional Haze SIP in 2012 and Missouri’s first Regional Haze progress report in 2016 12
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Planning and SIP Development • States must revise and submit their regional haze implementation plan revisions to EPA by July 31, 2021, July 31, 2028, and every 10 years thereafter • States must submit Regional Haze progress reports to EPA every five years • States must address all Class I areas located within their state and those located outside the state that may be affected by emissions from within the state 13
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Current Status and Future Plans • August 20, 2019 - EPA released guidance for development of Regional Haze SIPs for the second implementation period • The guidance proposes an eight-step SIP development framework 14
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Current Status and Future Plans Step 1: Ambient data analysis (completed) Step 2: Determination of affected Class I areas in other states Step 3: Selection of sources for four-factor analyses costs of compliance, the time necessary for compliance, the energy and non-air quality environmental impacts of compliance, and remaining useful life Step 4: Characterization of factors for control measures 15
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Current Status and Future Plans Step 5: Decisions on necessary control measures for reasonable progress goals Step 6: Modeling of long term strategy Step 7: Uniform Rate of Progress glide path check Step 8: Consultation with other parties (FLMs, other states) 16
E MISSOURI --m DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ============== ------- ------- ------- a!:111 Current Status and Future Plans – Tentative Timeline Analysis, SIP Development, and Consultation: 2017 – 2021 Public Comment Period: Spring 2021 Public Hearing: Spring/Summer 2021 MACC Adoption: Summer 2021 EPA Submittal Deadline: July 2021 17
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