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Logistical and environmental considerations for the Far East to - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Logistical and environmental considerations for the Far East to Europe corridor Harilaos N. Psaraftis Technical University of Denmark Department of Management Engineering Overview EU SuperGreen project on green corridors One of the 9

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Logistical and environmental considerations for the Far East to Europe corridor

Harilaos N. Psaraftis Technical University of Denmark Department of Management Engineering

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10-11/5/2016 OBOR conference, Hong Kong 2 DTU, Technical University of Denmark

Overview

  • EU SuperGreen project on green corridors
  • One of the 9 corridors analysed was the ”Silk

Way” corridor (Far East to Europe) –2 modes, maritime and rail

  • Part I: Background
  • Part II: Results from corridor benchmarking
  • Part III: Role of ICT
  • Part IV: Modal shift considerations
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Part I

Background

  • Theme title: Transport (including

Aeronautics)

  • Type of project: Coordination and

Support Action

  • Project full title: Supporting EU’s

Freight Transport Logistics Action Plan on Green Corridors Issues

  • Project acronym: SuperGreen
  • Duration: 15 Jan. 2010- 15 Jan. 2013
  • Total budget: 3,453,747 EUR
  • EC contribution: 2,634,698 EUR
  • www.supergreenproject.eu

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The consortium

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Project objectives

  • Support the EC on green corridors
  • Encourage co-modality
  • Benchmark green corridors
  • Undertake networking activities between stakeholders

(public and private)

  • Deliver policy recommendations
  • Provide recommendations concerning new calls for R&D
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Green corridor definitions

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Selection of corridors for analysis

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The 9 SuperGreen corridors

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”Silk Way” corridor

  • Maritime branch: Shanghai-LeHavre/Rotterdam-

Hamburg/Göteborg-Gdansk-Baltic ports-Russia

  • Rail branch:Xiangtang-Beijing-Mongolia-Russia-

Belarus-Poland-Hamburg

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Silk Way vs Silk Road

SuperGreen OBOR

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Why include ”Silk Way” in this set?

(even though most of this corridor is outside the EU)

  • Because this corridor was considered important

for the trade relationship between Europe on the

  • ne hand, and the Far East on the other.
  • Benchmarking it with the same methodology as

in the pure intra-European corridors might be of interest.

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The 9 SuperGreen corridors

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The 9 SuperGreen corridors in metro format

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The TEN-T core network in metro format

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TEN-T core network corridors

  • Regulation EU

1315/2013 (TEN-T guidelines)

  • Regulation EU

1316/2013 (Connect Europe Facility)

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TEN-T: 30 priority projects

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SuperGreen corridors (2010) vs TEN-T core network corridors (2011)

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Part II: Corridor benchmarking and KPIs

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Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

  • One of the central activities of the project
  • What are reasonable KPIs?
  • What is an appropriate approach?
  • How is stakeholder input taken on board?
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Initial list: 17 KPIs

Efficiency Absolute cost €/tonne Relative cost €/ton-km Service quality Transport time hours Reliability (time precision) % of shipments on time Frequency of service number per week ICT applications scale 1-5 Cargo security incidents/shipments Cargo safety incidents/shipments Environmental CO2-eq g/ton-km Sustainability SOx g/1000 ton-km NOx g/1000 ton-km PM10 g/1000 ton-km Infrastructural Congestion average delay/ton-km Sufficiency Bottlenecks scale 1-5 Social issues Land use (urban & sensitive areas) % of buffer zone Traffic safety fatal.& ser.injur./m tkm Noise % of length >50/55 dB

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Process

  • 4 regional stakeholder workshops across Europe
  • Feedback from Advisory Committee
  • Consultation, consultation, & more consultation!
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Final list: 6 main KPIs!

Relative transport cost (to the user) €/ton-km Transport time (or speed) hours (or km/h) Reliability (on-time delivery) % of shipments Frequency of service number per year CO2-eq emissions g/ton-km SOx emissions g/ton-km

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Benchmarking results

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The Silk Way rail alternative

  • Via Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR)
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Variants

Courtesy: students of 13420 Green Transport Logistics

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TSR

Pluses

  • Shorter trip time
  • Electric traction

(cleaner mode of transport?)

Minuses

  • Limited capacity
  • Different gauges
  • Several border crossings
  • Limited interoperability
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Rail Cost KPI

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From Trans-Eurasia Logistics

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KPI summary

  • Reliability, SOx and frequency KPIs: No analysis
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  • Use EcoTransIT World
  • emissions calculator
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Observations

Maritime branch

  • Silk Way’s maritime

branch ranks No. 1 among the 9 corridors

  • n the cost and CO2

KPIs.

  • Maritime branch

achieves better KPIs than rail in terms of cost and CO2. Rail branch

  • Has significantly lower

capacity compared to maritime.

  • Has considerable lower

transport time and on that criterion has a competitive advantage compared to maritime.

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Part III: Potential role of ICT

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Focus: European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)

Serious interoperability problems in rail transport:

  • More than 20 signalling systems in Europe
  • Trains need to be equipped with several on-board systems to cross

borders

  • Drivers need to be trained to use these systems
  • Sometimes even trains have to be changed at the border

In 2009, six priority corridors for the deployment of ERTMS (by 2020) were established:

  • Corridor A: Rotterdam-Genoa
  • Corridor B: Stockholm-Naples
  • Corridor C: Antwerp-Basel
  • Corridor D: Budapest-Valencia
  • Corridor E: Dresden-Constanta
  • Corridor F: Aachen-Terespol
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The ERTMS corridors

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No system like ERTMS in Silk Way rail corridor

But it could

  • Improve interoperability
  • Reduce delays
  • Reduce congestion
  • Increase corridor capacity
  • Improve all corridor KPIs
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Part IV: Modal shift considerations

  • Possible modal shifts to rail due to slow

steaming

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The issue

  • Slow steaming is much prevalent these days.
  • Slow steaming may induce some cargoes to

prefer the (faster) rail mode.

  • Is there an impact?
  • A slow steaming scenario of 30% speed

reduction was assumed: from 18 to 12.6 knots

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Modal split model

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Use logit model

  • New shares
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Net result

  • Share reductions were found to be marginal.
  • Reducing CO2 in one mode may result in more CO2
  • verall.
  • Total ΔCO2 may be >0 or <0, depending on scenario.
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Other SuperGreen results

  • Corridor benchmarking
  • Policy recommendations
  • SuperGreen Handbook
  • Extensive dissemination

– 8 papers in journals, book chapters and papers in scientific conferences – 3 plenary workshops – 4 regional workshops – Close to 50 presentations in other external events – A book -

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Latest news

SuperGreen was selected by the European Commission as a success story for a Policy Brochure on logistics for the Transport Research and Innovation Portal (TRIP)

Success stories = Research projects whose results are recognized as highly successful in supporting EU policy

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Conclusions

  • Deep sea shipping still the predominant mode
  • Potential of the rail mode on the Far East to

Europe corridor is largely untapped

  • Advances in ICT and other technologies would

move rail in that direction

  • A niche market for which rail could be able to be

attractive in this corridor is the market of relatively expensive products, for which faster delivery times are more important.

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Conclusions ii

  • The rail option’s main competitor on the Far East

to Europe corridor is not so much the maritime mode, but air cargo.

  • Rail is already far superior to air in terms of

emissions and cost KPIs.

  • Whether it can also provide a credible alternative

in terms of the time, reliability and other KPIs on that corridor remains to be seen.

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THANK YOU VERY MUCH

  • www.supergreenproject.eu
  • hnpsar@transport.dtu.dk