LIGHTING PLANS Lighting Design, Impact Assessments, and Avoidance of - - PDF document

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19/11/2019 LIGHTING PLANS Lighting Design, Impact Assessments, and Avoidance of Impacts to Bats Presented by Bonnie Brooks BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE 1 Bonnie Brooks BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE MILP Lighting

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LIGHTING PLANS

Lighting Design, Impact Assessments, and Avoidance of Impacts to Bats

Presented by Bonnie Brooks BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE

Bonnie Brooks

BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE MILP Lighting Consultant (Chartered Electrical Engineer and Lighting Designer)

  • 14 years experience in electrical & lighting engineering
  • Undertakes interior, exterior, street lighting, daylighting design
  • Specialist in Lighting Impact Assessments
  • Interested in effects of not only lighting on wildlife and environment, but also on

human health and well being

  • Involved in provision of various guidance documents such BCT ILP Bats and

Artificial Lighting, Bath Enterprise Zone, Guidance on Undertaking Lighting Impact Assessments

  • Actively involved in industry- regional rep for Society of Light and Lighting
  • Won a number of awards associated with her BEng and MSc
  • Presented at various symposiums and events including Nocturnal landscapes

Conference, Wildlife and Artificial Light Symposium

  • MSc Light and Lighting with

Distinction

  • First Class BEng (Hons) Building

Services Engineering

  • 18th Edition Update 2382-20
  • 2391 Level 3 Inspection, Testing and

Certification of Electrical Installations

  • JIB Qualified Electrician
  • NVQ Level 3 Advanced Modern

Apprenticeship in Electrotechnical Services

  • BA (Hons) Design

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Lighting Terminology

Section presented by Bonnie Brooks BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE MILP

Lighting Terminology

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Light falling onto a surface Amount of light flowing or given off in a particular direction, from a surface

  • r a source

(sometimes referred to as

  • bjective brightness/not

apparent brightness) Dependent on observer location

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Typical Illuminance Levels

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Colour Temperature- measured in Kelvin (K)

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Light sources with different wavelength compositions.

  • Impacts on colour

temperature and colour rendering. Specify LED light sources:

  • Minimal UV
  • With a warm colour

temperature – 3000K or 2700K

  • Light sources that peak

higher than 550nm

Lighting Plans

Section presented by Bonnie Brooks BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE MILP

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Lighting Plans

  • Lighting Strategy / Plan – typically shows luminaire locations, specification, details on

controls

  • May include a lux contour plan/ isolines to show predicted levels of illuminance/ light

spread at ground level

  • Lux contours should be shown on a scaled site layout- not raw output from lighting

software!

  • It is useful if the plan also shows the required dark zones (primary, secondary, buffer

zones, roost access points)- hatched and overlaid

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Lighting Strategy with Isolines shown

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Raw output examples

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Lighting Plans

  • Lighting software is used to predict the output from light sources. Calculation planes are

added to understand lighting levels in certain areas.

  • A calculation plane is made up of a grid of calculation points.
  • The location of the calc. planes can match real surfaces/topography or be in the air, at

any angle or direction.

  • Maintenance Factor should be 1 for assessment purposes (Software sometimes uses

different names: Light loss factor, correction factor)

  • Average illuminance (Eav)
  • Maximum and Minimum point illuminance (Emax, Emin)
  • Uniformity (Uo) – min/ave, min/max
  • Upward Light Output Ratio (ULOR /ULR)

Terms to understand

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Lighting Measurements and Calculations

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Horizontal calculation plane at ground level

Lighting Terminology Calculation planes explained

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Vertical calculation plane Horizontal calculation plane at ground level Reflected light Reflected light

  • Illuminance is calculated falling onto one

side of the calculation surface

  • For horizontal planes isoline contours can

be shown on a 2D plan

  • Values of illuminance can be shown in

table format for the vertical planes

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Horizontal calculation plane at ground level Horizontal calculation planes at varying heights can be mis-leading!!

  • Will only show light falling on top of the

plane, so light emitted below is not captured

Calculation planes only measure on one side!

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Lighting Plans

  • Vertical planes are required when:
  • Internal light spill is to be considered
  • Luminaires are not 100% downward directional
  • Where light levels proposed are particularly high, such as sports pitches
  • When vertical calculation planes are required – request a key plan to show the

locations of those planes, and details of their heights

  • When internal lighting is calculated, ideally an accompanying Lighting Impact

Assessment report should be provided detailing the assumptions and limitations of the calculation model, if topography is included, if screening/ buildings is included, glazing transmittances used, lighting levels and types used, mitigation measures, confirmation of worst case- all lights on, no blinds and curtains, summarising the results, backed up with evidence in an Appendix

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Limiting luminance – bright visible sources that may create a barrier

  • Downward directional luminaires where light source is not visible – also limits light spill
  • No lit surfaces, signage, façade lighting

Check ULOR value for luminaire

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Post Installation/ Monitoring checks

  • Recommended that light levels are verified by a competent lighting professional with

an industry standard illuminance (light) meter, that is calibrated to low light levels

  • (Baseline survey may be required as a comparison.)
  • Report to include:
  • Time and date of the post monitoring survey
  • Moon phase and weather conditions at time of survey
  • Details of the illuminance meter used and calibration details
  • A short description of the survey method
  • A table of results detailing each numbered survey location, associated GPS

coordinates of each location, and results for vertical and horizontal illuminance

Note: Lux contour plans cannot be produced for Baseline or Post-Monitoring surveys

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Thank you Any questions?

Please connect with us on LinkedIn and visit our website for the latest news and updates

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