Lessons from Haiti: Innovation in Lessons from Haiti: Innovation in - - PDF document

Brookings Institution Washington, 13th December 2012 IOM Haiti Mission

Lessons from Haiti: Innovation in Lessons from Haiti: Innovation in Tracking and Housing Internally Tracking and Housing Internally Displaced Persons Displaced Persons

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DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX (DTM)

Two complementary data gathering processes to determine the number of displaced; camps and IDP population profile. Both started in February 2010 and are still in use to track and monitor the displacement. CAMP BASED ASSESSMENT REGISTRATION: Detailed IDP Profiling How many? Where? Who?

Results

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How many & where?

By July 2010: 1,5 million estimated in 1,555 IDP Sites (Camps)

How Many & Where? How Many & Where? Camp Based Assessment Camp Based Assessment

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Quarter Phase 4 Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 1 2010 2011 2012 2013

Emergency Registration Updating of Existing Registry Return and Referral Individual Assistance and De-registration

Phases of displacement tracking Phases of displacement tracking

Registration Camp Based Assessments

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491,000 516,000 519,000 551,000 595,000 359,000 369,000 390,000 420,000 1,500,000 1,370,000 1,069,000 * 810,000 680,000 635,000 JUL '10 SEP '10 NOV '10 JAN '11 MAR '11 MAY '11 JUL '11 SEP '11 NOV '11 JAN '12 FEB '12 APR '12 JUN '12 AUG '12 NOV '12 660 707 758 802 894 498 541 575 602 1,555 1,356 1,199 1,152 1,061 1,001

IDP Sites IDP Sites

Trends in IDP Sites and population Trends in IDP Sites and population

Spontaneous return Organized return & camp closure IDP population IDP population

JUL '10 SEP '10 NOV '10 JAN '11 MAR '11 MAY '11 JUL '11 SEP '11 NOV '11 JAN '12 FEB '12 APR '12 JUN '12 AUG '12 NOV '12

Timeline of post earthquake displacement in IDP sites Timeline of post earthquake displacement in IDP sites

• PH1 = 83% from Port au Prince & 17% from outside
• PH1 = 85% from the same commune & 73% from the same

section communale

• PH2 2012= 63% from the same commune and 57% from

the same section communale

IDP population IDP population Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 1 Phase 2

167,824 IDPs 52% F 48% M 44,205 HH (12% PH1) 252 SITES 8 communes 1273 SITES 13 communes 321,235 HH (47% CENSUS) 1,360,319 IDPs 53% F 47% M

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Age and sex structure (1) Age and sex structure (1)

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R2 201 2 Female R2 201 2 M ale C PAP Female C PAP

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0

0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64 Female R1 Females Census EQAA M ale R1 M ales Census EQAA

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R1 Female R1 M ale R2 all Female R2 all

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R2 201 2 Female R2 201 2 M ale C PAP Female C PAP

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R1 Female R1 M ale R2 all Female R2 all

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0

0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64 Female R1 Females Census EQAA M ale R1 M ales Census EQAA

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R2 201 2 Female R2 201 2 M ale C PAP Female C PAP

‐10.0 ‐5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 0-4 10-14 20-24 30-34 40-44 50-54 60-64

M ale R1 Female R1 M ale R2 all Female R2 all

Average age IDPs 24 23 & 24 in 2010 2011 and 2012 Average age HoH 38 37 & 36 in 2010 2011 and 2012 Dependency Ratio 49 in 2010 & 43 in 2012 Sex Ratio 87 93 & 94 in 2010 2011 and 2012 Single male headed HH, from 16% to 23% in 2012

Who heads the household? Who heads the household?

2010 2011 2012 Couple headed HH 1.6 1.5 1.4 Female headed HH 1.1 1.1 1.0 Male headed HH 0.8 0.6 0.4 Who heads the Household Average N <15 yrs per HH 2010 2011 2012 Couple headed HH 4.6 4.3 4.0 Female headed HH 4.0 3.8 3.3 Male headed HH 3.6 3.2 2.6 Average HH size Who heads the Household

Average HH size from 4.2 to 3.4 in 2012 Average N of children <15 yrs per HH from 1.3 to 1 in 2012

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Education Education

% Males 8.0 55.8 36.2 % Females

12.3 53.3 34.5

Drop out Not in school In school

NER = 45.2

NER drops from 83 in Primary to 23 in Junior Secondary and to 15 in Senior Secondary DHS 2012 79 Primary NER in camps 8% Males & 12% Females 56% Male & 53% Females

Occupation Occupation

66% Unemployment rate

Each working IDP supports 2.3 non working IDPs

Females 24.6 18.5 56.8 Unemployed Not in the workforce Employed Males 50.9 19.0 30.1

54% unskilled workforce and informal occupation 28% skilled workforce (artisans / crafts and skilled manual workers) 4% Drivers and machine operators & technicians (non manual workers)

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Ownership status Ownership status

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% Tenants 2010 Tenants 2012

% of tenants from 64% to 86%

Owners who can repair from 20% to 6%

Summary findings Summary findings

• Over time older IDPs and children returned home and

camps now show a population of young adults and increasing age of the head of households

• The ratio of females is decreasing
• The size of household is decreasing
• Most IDPs own identification documents, fewer in 2012

than in 2010

• Primary NER is similar to the value in the neighborhood
• Unemployment and unskilled labor are predominant
• Most owners, especially those who could repair their

homes, left and the proportion of tenants is increasing

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Returned = 11,736 Still in camps = 61 Targeted = 11,797

Phase 3: Return and Referral IOM projects 2011/12 Phase 3: Return and Referral IOM projects 2011/12 Phase 3: Return and Referral IOM & partners (*) in 2012 Phase 3: Return and Referral IOM & partners (*) in 2012

62.0% 17.3% 20.7% Done / in process Planned Gap

(*) JP/HRO – IFRC – Concern WW- CRS – WVI – ACTED- CARE- GOAL - HELPAGE - MOFKA

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Methods, technology & innovation

DTM Methodology DTM Methodology – – Data Collection Instruments Data Collection Instruments

(*) JP/HRO – IFRC - ???????

Registration Form Household & Individuals details IDP Site Assessment Form Household Registration Card SN Database (SQL)

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DTM Methodology DTM Methodology – – GIS & Mapping GIS & Mapping

Points and polygons of the IDP Sites Street network Neighborhoods of Port au Price IOM GIS Unit data sources

• Field surveyors
• Satellite imagery
• Cooperation with open source community
• National Center for geospatial information

DTM Methodology DTM Methodology – – GIS & Mapping GIS & Mapping – – Aerial photo 1 Aerial photo 1

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DTM Methodology DTM Methodology – – GIS & Mapping GIS & Mapping – – Aerial photo 2 Aerial photo 2

Establish table in SQL Server and connection for Web Service in web server Establish table in SQL Server and connection for Web Service in web server Generate questionnaire form and convert it to Blackberry Application. Generate questionnaire form and convert it to Blackberry Application.

Text, number, Image Data Text, number, Image Data GPS information GPS information

Data Collection Data Collection

INTERNET (Encrypted Data)

Retrieving and Sending Data (Synchronize with server) Retrieving and Sending Data (Synchronize with server) Data Processing for

• utput/reporting

Data Processing for

• utput/reporting

DTM Methodology DTM Methodology – – Registering Returnees from camp and Registering Returnees from camp and follow up (Blackberry & android application) follow up (Blackberry & android application)

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Thank you Thank you

Camera for aerial photo IOM DTM team in Haiti

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