L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 1 Schematic showing the Earth’s climate system with its five components and the interactions (thin arrows). Thick arrows indicate the possible causes of climate change.
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 2 Radiative budget of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 3 Cloud Climatology
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 4 Rainfall climatology
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 5 Instantaneous IR and WV images of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 6 Climatology of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 7 Climatology of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 8 Potential temperature θ is the temperature that an unsaturated par- cel of dry air would have if brought adiabatically and reversibly from its initial state to a standard pressure p 0 , typically 1000 hPa: θ = T ( p 0 P ) R/C p Equivalent potential temperature θ e is found by lowering an air parcel to the 1000 mb level AND releasing the latent heat in the parcel. θ e = T e ( p 0 P ) R/C p ≈ ( T + Lq )( p 0 P ) R/C p = θ exp( Lq ) C p C p where T e is the equivalent temperature.
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 9 Climatology of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 10 Climatology of the atmosphere
L. Li (LMD/CNRS): Atm. as observed page 11 Climatology of the atmosphere
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