Japan’ ’s Contribution to Asia s Contribution to Asia Japan Regarding Disaster Management Regarding Disaster Management 5th October 2007 5th October 2007 Eiji TORISU TORISU Eiji Director for Disaster Preparedness, Director for Disaster Preparedness, and International Cooperation, and International Cooperation, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan Cabinet Office, Government of Japan
Component of the Presentation Component of the Presentation 1. Disaster Management in Japan Disaster Management in Japan 1. 2. How Japan shall Contribute to Asia How Japan shall Contribute to Asia 2. in the field of Disaster Reduction in the field of Disaster Reduction 3. Some Examples of Japan Some Examples of Japan’ ’s s 3. Regional Cooperation in Disaster Regional Cooperation in Disaster Reduction Reduction
1. Disaster Management 1. Disaster Management in Japan in Japan
Japan has wide variety of natural disasters Earthquakes Earthquakes Tsunamis Tsunamis Volcanic Eruptions Volcanic Eruptions Typhoons Typhoons (July – – October) October) (July Heavy Monsoon Rains Heavy Monsoon Rains (May – – July) July) (May Floods Floods Landslides Landslides Number of earthquakes with Snow Avalanches Snow Avalanches magnitude of 6.0 or larger (1995-2004) Tornados Tornados Japan 210 (22%) World 945
TORNADO struck struck a train at a train at TORNADO NOBEOKA CITY, Miyazaki Pref. NOBEOKA CITY, Miyazaki Pref. in 17th September 2006 in 17th September 2006
Possible Large- -scale scale Possible Large Earthquakes and Tsunamis Earthquakes and Tsunamis in Japan in Japan Tokyo Inland EQ Tokai EQ Tonankai & Nankai EQ Japan Trench & Chishima Trench EQs
The Holistic Approach to cope with Disasters The Holistic Approach to cope with Disasters -The Japanese Experience The Japanese Experience - - - (persons) The number of casualties and the missing in natural disasters in Japan 6481 6062 5868 4897 Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake Ise-wan Typhoon 1945 1950 1959 1970 1980 1990 1995 2000 (year)
Disaster Management Disaster Management and PDCA Cycle and PDCA Cycle PLAN PLAN Disaster Disaster ACTION ACTION DO DO CHECK CHECK
Three Epoch- Three Epoch -Making Turning Making Turning Points for Disaster Reduction Points for Disaster Reduction in Modern Japan in Modern Japan 1959 Ise Ise – – Wan Typhoon Wan Typhoon 1959 ⇒ Institutional Mechanism for Disaster Reduction ⇒ Institutional Mechanism for Disaster Reduction 1961 Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act 1961 Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act 1978 Miyagi- -ken ken- -oki oki Earthquake Earthquake 1978 Miyagi ⇒ 1981 Amendment of Building Standard Law ⇒ 1981 Amendment of Building Standard Law 1995 Great Hanshin- -Awaji Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake (Kobe) Earthquake 1995 Great Hanshin ⇒ Fundamental and comprehensive changes of ⇒ Fundamental and comprehensive changes of disaster management schemes were made. disaster management schemes were made.
LESSON FROM THE PAST LESSON FROM THE PAST Case study : SAKURA ZUTSUMI Case study : SAKURA ZUTSUMI ・ the bank planted with cherry trees ・ constructed in the early 1700’s ・ planted cherry trees reinforce the bank
2. How Japan shall 2. How Japan shall Contribute to Asia in the Contribute to Asia in the field of Disaster Reduction field of Disaster Reduction
Mechanism and Flow Mechanism and Flow When Disasters Occur When Disasters Occur Inducing Factor Inducing Factor (natural phenomenon) (natural phenomenon) Trigger Trigger Predisposing Factor Predisposing Factor � progress of urbanization � progress of urbanization � advancement of economic structure � advancement of economic structure Countermeasures Countermeasures Disaster Disaster
Issues of Disaster Issues of Disaster Management in Asia Management in Asia Progress of Urbanization Progress of Urbanization Structural changes of Structural changes of the Economy the Economy
Progress of Urbanization Progress of Urbanization
Proportion of Urban Population to Proportion of Urban Population to Total Population Total Population Brunei Brunei Korea Korea Malaysia Malaysia n a n p a a p J a J s a s a n e e n i n h i n h C i i Indonesia Indonesia C p p p p i i l l i i h h P P Myanmar Myanmar d n d a n l a a i i l h a T h T Laos Laos Viet Nam Viet Nam Cambodia Cambodia
Reduce Urban Vulnerabilities Reduce Urban Vulnerabilities Against Disaster Against Disaster Disaster- -resistant Urban Design resistant Urban Design Disaster Strengthening of Regional Strengthening of Regional Governance (e.g. horizontal and Governance (e.g. horizontal and vertical coordination) vertical coordination) Active Participation at Community Active Participation at Community Level Level
Structural changes of Structural changes of the Economy the Economy
GDP composition by regions GDP composition by regions NAFTA NAFTA 34.6 34.6 33.4 33.4 Asia Asia 27.6 28.9 28.9 27.6 Euro25 Euro25 24.8 24.8 21.5 21.5
intraregional trade ratio intraregional trade ratio 62.1 62.1 Euro25 Euro25 55.8 55.8 Asia Asia 48.4 48.4 35.7 35.7 43.0 43.0 NAFTA NAFTA 33.2 33.2
Japan’ ’s relationship with Asia s relationship with Asia Japan � Oversea Investment:17,167 (34.2%) � Oversea Investment:17,167 (34.2%) (dollars in millions) With 2000 2006 1 4 , 1 7 6 ⇒1 0 , 1 8 8 ( 2 0 . 3 % ) North America : 3 , 9 8 2 ⇒ 2 , 5 4 7 ( 5 . 1 % ) Latin America : 1 1 , 1 1 6⇒1 8 , 3 9 6 ( 3 6 . 7 % ) Europe : 2 , 1 3 2⇒1 7 , 1 6 7 ( 3 4 . 2 % ) Asia : 1 2 8⇒ 1 , 8 6 7 ( 3 . 7 % ) Other : 3 1 , 5 3 4⇒5 0 , 1 6 5 Total :
Estimated Damage in case of N. Tokyo Bay EQ (M7.3) Estimated Damage in case of N. Tokyo Bay EQ (M7.3) ＜ Assumption ＞ Winter, 6 o’clock at night, Wind V=15m/s, Collapsed Buildings 850,000 Indirect Direct Indirect Direct Death Toll 11,000 ¥45 Trillion 45 Trillion ¥ ¥67 Trillion 67 Trillion ¥ Injured 210,000 Serious injured 37,000 Economic Damage Economic Damage Rubble produced 96 million tons Economic Damage ¥ 112 Trillion (112 兆円 ) (US $ 1 Trillion)
Recent Example; Chyuetsu Chyuetsu- -oki oki Recent Example; Earthquake (16th July 2007) Earthquake (16th July 2007) A Car Parts Supplier struck by the EQ A Car Parts Supplier struck by the EQ � manufacturing key component; seal ring material of � manufacturing key component; seal ring material of transmission transmission � domestic market share of 70% � domestic market share of 70% Influence by the Business Discontinuity Influence by the Business Discontinuity Discontinuity � All 12 Japanese automakers halted in production � All 12 Japanese automakers halted in production � Output cut of over 130,000 cars (in July 2007) � Output cut of over 130,000 cars (in July 2007) � Also p � Also push ushed ed down down overall mining and manufacturing overall mining and manufacturing production production
Situations in Asia Situations in Asia Deepening Interdependent across Deepening Interdependent across multiple categories in Asian Region multiple categories in Asian Region � Global Share of GDP � Global Share of GDP � Imports and Exports � Imports and Exports � Oversea Investment � Oversea Investment � Supply Chain � Supply Chain � EPA/FTA � EPA/FTA Now it’ ’s NOT only s NOT only Now it the domestic issue. the domestic issue.
Reduce Economic Reduce Economic Vulnerabilities Against Disasters. Vulnerabilities Against Disasters. Corporate Sector in Disaster Corporate Sector in Disaster Management Management (e.g. Business Continuity Plan (BCP)) (e.g. Business Continuity Plan (BCP)) Effective Measures for Economic Effective Measures for Economic Reconstruction Reconstruction
Disaster Management with Disaster Management with PDCA cycle, as Japan’ ’s Contribution s Contribution PDCA cycle, as Japan � disseminate the philosophy Disaster Management with Disaster Management with and concept PDCA Cycle PDCA Cycle � share the experiences PLAN PLAN � assist establishing national Disaster Disaster platform ACTION ACTION DO DO CHECK CHECK
3. Some Examples of Japan’ ’s s 3. Some Examples of Japan Regional Cooperation in Regional Cooperation in Disaster Reduction Disaster Reduction
Japan’ ’s Cooperation s Cooperation Japan in Disaster Reduction in Disaster Reduction 1.Infrastructure Infrastructure 1. 2.Policy Planning Policy Planning 2. 3.Information Sharing Information Sharing 3. 4.Capacity Building Capacity Building 4.
Infrastructure Infrastructure The seawall seawall developed through developed through The ’ Japan ’ s grant aid reduced the impact Japan s grant aid reduced the impact of the Tsunami to the main island of the of the Tsunami to the main island of the Maldives. Maldives.
Policy Planning Policy Planning Asian Conference of Disaster Asian Conference of Disaster Reduction 2007 in Kazakhstan Reduction 2007 in Kazakhstan
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