Islington Employment Labour market in Islington There is strong - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Islington Employment

§ There is strong demand for labour in Islington, with more jobs than working age residents, across a range of sectors and skill levels - there are almost 200,000 workforce jobs in Islington, or 1.34 for every working age resident; a much higher ratio than across London (0.88) or nationally (0.77). § Islington is also part of the wider London labour market, where there is estimated to be around 2.23 million new job openings between 2010 and 2020. § Around 15,000 vacancies are advertised through Jobcentre Plus each year, though estimates suggest up to 70 per cent of all job openings are never formally advertised. § Despite this, Islington has significantly more residents on out of work benefits than the London or national average. Levels of workless households and economic inactivity are also relatively high (unlike levels of unemployment).

Labour market in Islington

Employment and vacancies by occupation

15% 35% 24% 6% 2% 6% 5% 1% 6%

1 : Managers and Senior Officials 2 : Professional Occupations 3 : Associate Professional and Technical Occupations 4 : Administrative and Secretarial Occupations 5 : Skilled Trades Occupations 6 : Personal Service Occupations 7 : Sales and Customer Service occupations 8 : Process, Plant and Machine Operatives 9 : Elementary Occupations

Source: ONS annual population survey 2014, ONS jobcentre 2012

Vacancies by occupation, Islington, 2012 Employment by occupation, Islington, 2014

7% 6% 26% 5% 13% 12% 9% 8% 14%

Islington: Trends in benefit claimants

The number of sickness and disability claimants has remained steady

• ver the past 6

years in contrast to the numbers of people on income support and job seekers allowance, where numbers are declining.

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 November 2008 February 2009 May 2009 August 2009 November 2009 February 2010 May 2010 August 2010 November 2010 February 2011 May 2011 August 2011 November 2011 February 2012 May 2012 August 2012 November 2012 February 2013 May 2013 August 2013 November 2013 February 2014 May 2014 August 2014

Number of Claimants

Trends in the number of benefit claimants in Islington 2008-2014

Sickness & disability claimants Job seekers allowance Income support - Lone parent Source: DWP, Aug 2014

In Islington there has been a greater number of people who begin to claim an ESA benefit (on flows) than those stop claiming an ESA benefit (off flows) over the last 6 years, resulting in a gradual increase in the number of ESA claimants. The gap between on flows and off flows increased from 2011 to the end of 2012 with a peak of 950 in November

• 2012. Then the gap

decreased by 62% by May 2014, followed by a sudden rise in the next quarter (540).

On and off flows of ESA

200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 February May August November February May August November February May August November February May August November February May August November February May August 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Number of claimants Time period

Number of on flows and off flows of ESA claimants, Islington, February 2009 to August 2014

On flows Off flows

Source: DWP ESA tabulation tool, extracted on June 3 2015

Although the number of ESA claimants in the assessment phase has relatively been constant over time, it is the group experienced a higher transient rate than the other ESA claim phase groups. The support group has had higher

• n flows than off flows, resulting

in a nearly 470% increase in the number of claimants in this group by May 2014. On the other hand, there has been a decline in the on flows for the work related activity group, and as the off flows remained consistently low, it may be expected the group will shrink and become less transient.

On and off flows of ESA by claim phase group

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 Feb May Aug Nov Feb May Aug Nov Feb May 2012 2013 2014

Number of claimants Time period

Number of off flows of ESA claimants by phase of ESA claim, Islington, February 2012 to August 2014

Assessment phase - on flows Assessment phase - off flows WRAG* - on flows WRAG* - off flows Support group - on flows Support group - off flows

Note: Numbers of ESA on flows by phase of claim group are estimated. * stands for work related activity group. Source: ESA claimants off flows by phase of claim group: DWP ESA tabulation tool, extracted on June 3 2015; Number of ESA claimantsby phase of claim group: DWP, 2015

Unemployment benefits in Islington

In August 2014, 20,300 (13%) Islington residents aged 16-64 were claiming out of work benefits, this is higher than London (9%) (DWP, Aug 2014)

Gender: A higher proportion of women (10,500) are claiming out of work benefits than men (9,800).

2,170 4,160 4,330 5,710 2,300 1,620

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Breakdown of people claiming out of work benefit by age, Islington, 2014

Under 25 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-59 60-64

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

Age: The highest number

• f residents claiming out
• f work benefits are aged

45-54 (28%). Those under 25 represent 11%

• f claimants and 8% are

aged 60-64 years.

Out of work benefits in London

13% of the working age

population in Islington is claiming out of work

• benefits. This is the 3rd

highest proportion in London and higher than the London average (9%).

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Barking and Dagenham Hackney Islington Lewisham Haringey Enfield Southwark Greenwich Tower Hamlets Lambeth Waltham Forest Newham Brent Camden Hammersmith and Fulham Croydon Ealing Westminster Havering Kensington and Chelsea Hounslow Bexley Hillingdon Redbridge Barnet Bromley Sutton Wandsworth Merton Harrow Kingston upon Thames Richmond upon Thames

Percentage Percentage of the the working age population (ONS mid year estimates 2013) claiming

• ut of work benefits by London LA, 2014

London Average

Source: DWP, Aug 2014, ONS 2013

Out of work benefits in Islington by Ward

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

8 wards have a significantly higher proportion of out of work benefit claimants than the Islington average (13%). Finsbury Park has the highest (17%) percentage of claimants of out of work benefits whereas Highbury East has the lowest (9%).

Sickness/disability benefits in London

8% of the working age

population in Islington is claiming sickness and disability benefits. This is the highest proportion in London and higher than the London average (6%). 4% of the Islington working age population are claiming these benefits due to mental ill health, which is again the highest proportion in London.

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

Islington Barking and Dagenham Hackney & City of London Camden Haringey Lewisham Greenwich Tower Hamlets Westminster Enfield Southwark Hammersmith and Fulham Newham Lambeth Brent Waltham Forest Kensington and Chelsea Croydon Ealing Hounslow Hillingdon Havering Bexley Barnet Redbridge Sutton Bromley Harrow Wandsworth Merton Kingston upon Thames Richmond upon Thames Percentage

% of population claiming out of work benefits due to Physical ill health % of population claiming out of work benefits due to mental ill health London average % of population claiming sickness/disability benefits

Percentage of working age population claiming sickness/disability benefits due to physical or mental ill health by London Local Authorities, 2014

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

Islington: Long term sick or disabled

Residents that are out of work due to sickness and disability includes but is not limited to people claiming Incapacity Benefit (IB), Severe Disablement Allowance (SD) and Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). According to DWP, in August 2014, there were 12,800 Islington residents aged 16-64 years claiming these benefits, approximately 8% of the working age resident population.

53%

men

47%

women

Gender : There is a higher proportion of men (6,800) that are claiming sickness disability benefits compared to women (6,000).

600 1,800 2,700 2,200 2,400 2,000 1,200

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Breakdown of people claiming sickness/disability benefits by age, Islington, 2014

16-24 25-34 35-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64

Age: The highest number

• f residents claiming

these benefits are aged 35 and over (72%).

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

Islington: ESA claimants by Ethnicity

43% of ESA claimants in Islington were White compared to 70% of the working population which equates to 4.2% of the White working age population. 12% of claimants were Black compared to 14% of the estimated working population which equates to 5.9% of the Black working age population. 14% of claimants were from

• ther ethnicities compared

to 17% of the estimated working population which equates to 5.5% of the other ethnicity working age population.

4,820 1,320 1,510 3,430 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% White Black Other Ethnicities Unknown

Percentage Ethnicity ESA benefit claimants by Ethnicity, Islington, August 2014

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

Islington – duration of sickness/disability claims

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

75% of claimants have been claiming benefits for over 1 year with 30% claiming benefits for between 2 and 5 years and 15% claiming for

• ver 5 years.

1,800 1,420 3,750 3,830 1,960 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Up to 6 months 6 months up to 1 year 1 year and up to 2 years 2 years and up to 5 years 5 years and

• ver

Breakdown of people claiming sickness/disability benefits by duration, Islington, 2014

Of those individuals claiming sickness or disability benefits for 2 years and over 52% had mental or behavioural disorders.

Sickness/disability benefits in Islington by Ward

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

7 wards have a significantly higher proportion of out of sickness/disability benefit claimants than the Islington average (8%). Tollington has the highest (10%) percentage

• f claimants of sickness and disability benefit

whereas Highbury East has the lowest (6%)

Sickness/disability benefits in Islington by condition

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

Over half of the claimants (6,800 people) of sickness and disability benefits in Islington have Mental and behavioural

• disorders. The next most

common health reason for claimants is Musculoskeletal conditions (1,600 people).

53% 12% 4% 4% 3% 2% 2% 20% Mental and behavioural disorders Musculoskeletal conditions Nervous system diseases Injury, poisoning & external causes Circulatory diseases infectious parasitic diseases Respiratory diseases Other

Breakdown of people claiming sickness/disability benefits by condition type, Islington, 2014

Islington: ESA claimants by phase

24% 23% 51% 2% 21% 24% 54% 2% 28% 27% 41% 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Assessment phase Work related activity group Support group Unknown

Percentage ESA Phase ESA benefits claimants phase by total claimants and those with mental and behavioural or musculoskeletal health conditions, Islington, 2014 Total Claimants ESA claimants with mental and behavioural disorders ESA claimants with musculoskeletal conditions

Source: DWP, Aug 2014

The proportion of people on ESA due to the top causes of claiming, mental health and MSK, is similar.

The percentage of ESA claimants in the assessment phase is 62% for those who have been claiming up to 3 months but then steadily declines with duration to 4% in those who have been claiming over 5 years. Conversely the percentage of claimants in the support phase rises

• ver time from 27% in

those claiming under 3 months to approximately 60% in those claiming

• ver a year.

Islington: ESA claims by duration and phase

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% up to 3 months 3 to 6 months 6 to 1 year 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years 5 years and over

Percentage Duration Proportion of ESA claims by duration and assessment phase, Islington, November 2014 Assessment WRAG Support

Source: DWP, Nov 2014

POPULATION HEALTH IN ISLINGTON

Serious mental health prevalence in London

According to the QOF 2013/14 there are 3,400 people in Islington diagnosed with serious mental illness. Islington has the highest diagnosed prevalence (1.5%) of serious mental health conditions (e.g.. Psychosis, bi-polar and schizophrenia). in London, higher than both the London (1%) and England (0.9%) averages. An estimated 2,600 people with serious mental illness in Islington are of working age.

0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%

Islington West London* Camden City and Hackney Tower Hamlets Westminster Hammersmith and Fulham Lewisham Lambeth Haringey Southwark Brent Greenwich Waltham Forest Croydon Newham Ealing Enfield Barnet Harrow Wandsworth Redbridge Sutton Hounslow Richmond Kingston Merton Bromley Barking and Dagenham Bexley Hillingdon Havering Percentage of people London CCGs

Prevalence of people diagnosed with Serious Mental Illness, all ages, London CCGs, 2013/2014

London England

Note: * Includes Kensington and Chelsea,Queen's Park and Paddington Source: QOF: 2013/14

Depression prevalence in London

According to the QOF 2013/14 there are 13,000 people in Islington over the age of 18 who have been diagnosed with

• depression. Islington

has the highest diagnosed prevalence (6.9%) of depression in London, higher than both the London (4.8%) and England (6.5%) averages.

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

Islington West London* Bromley Sutton Lewisham City And Hackney Camden Southwark Lambeth Tower Hamlets Hillingdon Hammersmith And Fulham Merton Barnet Greenwich Wandsworth Bexley Enfield Kingston Hounslow Croydon Waltham Forest Haringey Redbridge Westminster Richmond Barking And Dagenham Brent Newham Harrow Ealing Havering Percentage of people London CCGs

Prevalence of people diagnosed with depression, registered population aged 18 and over, London CCGs, 2013/2014

London England

Note: * Includes Kensington and Chelsea,Queen's Park and Paddington Source: QOF: 2013/14

Mental Health illness

Sources: DWP, Aug 2014, Islington PH GP Dataset, Sep 2012

There are approximately 9,750 people of working age diagnosed with serious mental illness (2,600 people) or chronic depression (7,600 people) who are registered in Islington, which represents 6% of the working age registered

• population. Furthermore there are an estimated 15,400 people have been

diagnosed with anxiety. 6,800 claimants of sickness and disability benefits in Islington have mental and behavioural disorders. This represents 69% of those diagnosed with serious mental illness or chronic depression in Islington and approximately 4%

• f the registered Islington working age population.

Claimants of sickness/disability benefits due to mental health illness represent 33% of the out of work benefits claimants in Islington.

The impact of musculoskeletal conditions

• Approximately 20% of the population see a GP each year regarding

musculoskeletal problems with the majority due to back pain and

• steoarthritis.
• People with musculoskeletal conditions are less likely to be employed

than people in good health and more likely to retire early.

• In the UK 7.5 million working days are lost due to musculoskeletal

conditions, second only to mental health problems.

• Those in the lowest income quintile are more likely to report chronic

pain.

• Those with musculoskeletal pain are 4 times more likely to experience

depression than those without pain.

Source: Arthritis Research UK Policy team (2014) Musculoskeletal Health: A public health approach

Islington: prevalence of long term conditions

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% Hypertension Diabetes COPD CHD Chronic kidney disease Cancer Stroke/TIA Chronic liver disease Heart failure Atrial fibrillation

Percentage of people Long term condition Prevalence of long term conditions among Islington's working age population (16-64 years), September 2012

Source: Islington's GP PH Dataset, 2012 Source: Islington's GP PH Dataset, 2012

The graph shows the prevalence of long term conditions in the Islington population of working age. According to QOF 2013/14 Islington’s overall populations prevalence of Hypertension is the 5th lowest in London. Similarly the prevalence

• f coronary heart disease

is the 7th lowest (3,800 people) whilst the prevalence of COPD is the 4th highest (3,481 people) in London.

Learning Disability prevalence in London

0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%

Sutton Croydon Barking and Dagenham Greenwich Harrow Brent Islington City and Hackney Enfield Newham Lewisham Waltham Forest Barnet Redbridge Haringey Lambeth Bexley Hounslow Tower Hamlets Merton Havering Wandsworth Kingston Hillingdon Bromley Southwark Richmond West London* Hammersmith and Fulham Ealing Camden Westminster Percentage of people London CCGs

Prevalence of people diagnosed with Learning Disabilities, 18+, London CCGs, 2013/2014

London England

Note: * Includes Kensington and Chelsea,Queen's Park and Paddington Source: QOF: 2013/14

According to QOF 2013/14, there are 800 people in Islington diagnosed with learning

• disabilities. Islington has

the 7th highest diagnosed prevalence (0.4%) in London, higher than the London average but lower than England.

Health and employment outcomes

Mental health and employment rate

Source: ASCOF, 2014

In Islington 4% of adults (18-69 years) in contact with secondary mental health services were in paid employment in 2013/14. This was lower than London and England. Islington was the 5th lowest in London, while it was one of the London local authorities with the highest mental ill health prevalence. In Islington a slightly higher proportion

• f women in contact with secondary

mental health services (4%) were in paid employment compared to men (3%) in 2013/14. This is in line with the national trend. 3% 4% Islington London England 4% 5% 7%

Learning disability and employment rate

Source: ASCOF, 2014

In Islington 11% of adults (18-64 years) with learning disabilities were in paid employment in 2013/14. This was higher than London and England and the 11th highest employment rate in London. In Islington a higher proportion of men with learning disabilities (12%) were in paid employment compared to women (9%) in 2013/14. This is in line with the national trend. 12% 9% Islington London England 11% 9% 7%

Based on self-reported employment status from the 2014 annual population survey, Islington had the 3rd worst employment rate (17%) in people with mental health or neurological problems. However, the estimate for Islington may not be reliable due to the small number of people.

People with mental/neurological problems in employment

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Lambeth Kingston upon Thames Harrow* Merton* Croydon Richmond upon Thames Hillingdon Redbridge Havering Kensington and Chelsea Bexley Tower Hamlets Barnet Westminster Southwark Waltham Forest Ealing* Hackney Hammersmith and Fulham Bromley Lewisham Camden Enfield* Brent Hounslow* Sutton* Newham* Wandsworth* Barking and Dagenham* Islington* Haringey* Greenwich*

Percentage

London local authority

Percentage of people with depression, learning problems, mental problems

• r nervous disorders who reported they were in employment, London local

authorities, 2014

London

Note: City of London is not included due to small disclosive numbers. * Estimate and confidence interval may be unreliable since the group sample size is small (3-9). Confidence interval is not shown here for those local authorities with a small group sample size. Source: Nomis - Annual population survey, 2014

Health unemployment gap in Islington

compared to the whole working age population in 2013/14

*London LA ranking. City of London has been excluded for all three measures, and Hammersmith and Fulham has been excluded from the learning disabilities employment rate gap. Source: PHOF, 2015

For those with a long- term health condition the employment rate gap was 16% For those in contact with secondary mental health services, the employment rate gap was 65% For those with learning disabilities the employment rate gap was 58%

London 11% England 9% Islington Rank* 7/32 London 64% England 65% Islington Rank* 16/32 London 61% England 65% Islington Rank* 24/31 16% 65% 58%

In Islington 1.1% of the working days was lost due to sickness absence in 2010-12. This is similar to London (1.3%) and England (1.6%). Islington had 15th lowest sickness absence rate in London.

Sickness absence

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% Bexley Lewisham Kingston upon Thames Bromley Ealing Barking and Dagenham Richmond upon Thames Merton Croydon Sutton Hillingdon Hammersmith and Fulham Greenwich Havering Hounslow Camden Westminster Islington Newham Tower Hamlets Redbridge Kensington and Chelsea Hackney Haringey Lambeth Wandsworth Enfield Southwark Harrow Barnet Waltham Forest Brent Percentage London local authority

Proportion of working days lost in the previous week due to sickness absence, Islignton, London and England, 2010-12

London England

Note: City of London is not included in this analysis due to small numbers. Source: PHOF, 2015

Barriers and solutions to worklessness, Themes from focus group research

Local qualitative research with workless residents

§ CESI was commissioned to conduct this focus group research on behalf of the Islington Employment Commission. § 11 focus groups with different groups of unemployed residents. § 2x groups with physical and mental health conditions. § Health was cited as a barrier across all groups, firstly in terms of

• ngoing management of (physical and mental) health conditions,

secondly through managing transitions from inactive to active work benefits and thirdly through a lack of specialist employment support for those managing conditions. § Small sample but provides some general themes. § Useful starting point for building on further service user/patient engagement.

Physical health conditions

§ This group were currently economically inactive due to ongoing health conditions or a physical disability. § All participants in this group were not actively seeking employment and the majority felt that paid work was unrealistic. § A number of participants’ views of work being unrealistic were based upon a general perception that employers would not want to employ someone with physical health conditions; for a number of participants in the group, this was the result of having suffered discrimination from employers in the past. § For a number of participants a key challenge was having to adapt to their health condition

• r disability and reassess what they could potentially do for a career.

§ Participants stated that they would not know to go to find the right information about employment options and specialist skills training. § While paid work was not seen as realistic, a number of participants felt that that voluntary work was more realistic for them as it was not as pressured for both employers and the employees and was felt to be more rewarding.

Mental health conditions

§ The mental health group was comprised of participants who had a mixture of different mental health conditions across different age groups. § Overall, they were much more work focused than the physical health conditions group. § In common with the physical health conditions group, participants felt that their condition limited the types of jobs that they could apply for (as with the physical health conditions group sedation from medication meant that many would struggle with full time hours or working in the mornings) and would be generally discriminated against in a competitive recruitment market. § In a number of cases, participants reported that the threat of sanctions exacerbated their mental health conditions. § Overall this group felt that having specialist support and work experience were the key solutions that would help them to overcome their barriers. § In addition, this group felt that those with mental health conditions could often feel isolated and therefore having group support was a key way to build confidence.

Additional data to usefully inform service design

1. Linking DWP data to GP health records, secondary services and hospital data would provide a higher quality health needs profile of people currently claiming sickness benefits including;

• the complexity of ill health experienced by those on sickness benefits. Current DWP data
• nly provides us with primary cause for the sickness/disability claim.
• their interaction with GPs e.g. rates of consultations, fit notes issued prior to claiming

sickness/disability benefits. This information would help to design interventions with the appropriate mix of services and skilled professionals.

• 2. A profile of the type of employment those claiming sickness disability have been engaged in prior to

claiming sickness benefit and position in the work place. This would help to understand if there is a particular pattern or type of employment that is associated with sickness disability claimants locally. It would also inform preventative interventions that could be targeted within workplaces.

• 3. Longer term, employment status/type and welfare status of people in contact with the health service

should be routinely recorded. This would provide a comprehensive picture of the relationship between employment and health, including potential for identifying people at risk of flowing on to sickness benefits, robust information on current national indicators e.g. number of people diagnosed with mental health who are in employment.

• 4. Outcomes of people coming off sickness related benefits, not just numbers e.g. Health issue resolved,

re-entered employment, remains unemployed etc.

Analytical gaps

Employment history of those claiming ESA . Have they ever worked, if so, when? What type

• f work?

Inflow/outflow of ESA claimants including reason for inflows and destinations following

• utflow

Distribution of ESA claimants by GP practices Share of ESA claimants with MH condition in contact with iCOPE or

• ther secondary

services. Employment rates of those with different health conditions and disabilities Complexity of ill health experienced by those

• n sickness benefits.

Requires linking health and DWP data Cost per employment

• utcome by service e.g.

mental health working/iwork/remploy

Requires activity and cost data from service Annual population best source but very small sample DWP/JCP can potentially unlock this data Requires data linkage between DWP/JCP and health