INTERNACIONAL SAFEGUARDS AGREEMENT Lilia Crissiuma Palhares - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ROLE OF CNEN IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTERNACIONAL SAFEGUARDS AGREEMENT Lilia Crissiuma Palhares

cosap@cnen.gov.br Workshop on Nuclear Safeguards, Nuclear Safety, Nuclear Security and Response to Radiological Emergencies

Rio de Janeiro, February 12 - 14, 2019

Deliberative Council Presidency International Affairs Attorney Audit Communication Planning and Budget NM Control and Safeguards Waste and Transports Raw Materials and Minerals Regional Offices Medicine and Industry Nuclear Security and Regulations Nuclear Installations Reactors

Management Directory R&D Directory Radioprotection and Safety Directory

COSAP

CNEN STRUCTURE

IRD IEN IEN CDTN

NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL / SAFEGUARDS

NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL IN BRAZIL Assure the pacific use of all nuclear material in the country to comply with determinations

• f the Brazilian Constitution

Control all the nuclear material in Brazil in the scope of licensing of nuclear facilities according to CNEN Regulations Any nuclear material in any form or quantity is subject to control INTERNACIONAL SAFEGUARDS Assure that the nuclear material nuclear is not diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices / military uses Detect the diversion of significant quantities of nuclear material to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices Measures applies to nuclear material of composition and purity suitable for fuel fabrication or for isotopic enrichment

Negotiate and implement the international safeguards agreements signed by Brazil and verify its commitment

LAWS - REGULATIONS - COMMITMENTS

NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL Brazilian Constitution (1988): Art. 21 XXIII Law 4118 (1962): Creation of CNEN Law 6189 (1974): Modification of Law 4118 Regulation CNEN-NE-1.04 - Licensing of Nuclear Facilities (1984): Section 4 (4.1.1), Section 7, Section 8 (8.2.1, 8.3.1) Regulation CNEN-NN-2.02 – Control of Nuclear Material (1982/1999) INTERNATIONAL SAFEGUARDS STA USA (1967-1996) STA Germany (1976 - 1999) Foz do Iguaçu Declaration (1990) Created SCCC Bilateral Agreement BR/RA (1991) Created ABACC CSA Quadripartite (1991): in force1994 Tlatelolco Treaty (1967): in force 1994 Non Proliferation Treaty: accession in 1998

STA USA

• Commitment: not to use for military purposes
• Safeguards apply to: materials, equipment and facilities transferred; fissile materials

produced; nuclear material processed in facilities, equipment or materials transferred; facilities while they contain nuclear material transferred

STA Germany

• Commitment : not to use for the manufacture of any nuclear weapon or other military

purpose or for the manufacture of any other nuclear explosive devices

• Safeguards apply to: same items above and, relevant technological information; facilities

and equipment produced on the basis of relevant technological information; material produced on the basis of or using equipment or relevant technological information

INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS Based in INFCIRC/66 (IAEA Statute)

 Safeguards under these Agreements were suspended in 1996 and 1999 while Quadripartite Agreement is in force.  Commitments of the Bilateral Agreements continue

• Use exclusively for peaceful purposes the nuclear material and facilities under its jurisdiction
• Prohibit in its territories the testing, use, manufacture, production or acquisition by any means

whatsoever of any nuclear weapons and the receipt, storage, installation, deployment and any form of possession of any nuclear weapons

• Negotiate a safeguards agreement with the IAEA for the application of safeguards to all its

nuclear activities

• Not to receive nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or the control over such

weapons or explosive devices; not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or

• ther nuclear explosive devices; and not to seek or receive any assistance in the

manufacture of nuclear weapons

• Accept IAEA safeguards on all nuclear material, in all its nuclear activities in its territories or

under its jurisdiction, or under its control

TLATELOLCO TREATY

(Prohibition of Nuclear Arms in Latin America and Caribbean)

NON PROLIFERATION TREATY

(Prevent spread of nuclear weapons, promote peaceful uses and disarmament)

IAEA and OPANAL agreed that the Quadripartite Agreement meets the safeguards commitments of Brazil under the Tlatelolco (June 1997) and the NPT (September 1999)

Commitments

• Use exclusively for peaceful purposes the nuclear material and the nuclear facilities

under its jurisdiction or control

• Prohibit in its territory the test, use, fabrication, production or acquisition of nuclear

weapons and any explosive device (while is it is not possible to distinguish between those for peaceful or weapons purposes) and the receipt, storage, installation, or any form of possession of any nuclear weapon

• Submit the nuclear material in all the nuclear activities in its territory to the Common

System of Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials (SCCC) SCCC

• Its objective is to verify that the nuclear material in all the nuclear activities is not diverted

to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices ABACC

• Shall administer and apply the SCCC

BILATERAL AGREEMENT

Agreement between Brazil and Argentina for Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy

Commitment

• Accept safeguards to all the nuclear material in all its nuclear activities in its territory, under

its jurisdiction or control, with the objective to assure that these materials will not be diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices SCCC

• The safeguards under this Agreement shall make full use of the SCCC, and shall consider

its technical effectiveness and verify its conclusions

QUADRIPARTITE AGREEMENT

Safeguards Agreement between Brazil, Argentina, ABACC, AIEA Based on INFCIRC/153 (results from TNP and Tlatelolco)

Bilateral Agreement Tlatelolco Treaty Non-Proliferation Treaty SCCC Quadripartite

FACILITIES UNDER CONTROL

(CNEN Regulations, SCCC and Quadripartite)

IPEN CTMSP CTA ANGRA II IEN IRD FCN / INB CTEx ANGRA I CAETITE / INB CIPC / INB CDTN UFPe

Pernambuco Rio de Janeiro Minas Gerais Bahia São Paulo

35 facilities (27 SG) Ore Processing Conversion Enrichment Fuel Fabrication Power Reactors Research Reactors Storage R & D Laboratories

ANALISYS AND PROCESSING OF DESIGN INFORMATION FOR THE NUCLEAR FACILITIES

NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL INTERNATIONAL SAFEGUARDS Construction License Site Report PSAR / PPPP Technical Question. and Revisions Site Approval FSAR e FPPP AOI AUMAN Preliminary Design Information (S.A. parag. 3.1.2 e 3.1.3) Technical Question. and Revisions Preliminary DIQ (S. A. parag. 3.1.4) Complete DIQ and Revisions (S. A. parag. 3.1.5) Negotiate Fac. Att., Approaches,

• Proc. Use SG Technologies

RECORDS, REPORTS, NUCLEAR MATERIAL FLOW

(CNEN Regulations, SCCC and Quadripartite) Based on records maintained by the operator and in notifications with operational information provided by the operators, CNEN:

• analyzes notifications and operational information to verify its consistency and
• generates notifications required by the Agreement and the Approaches
• analyzes and maintains updated records of the nuclear material in all the Brazilian facilities
• generates accounting reports required by the Agreement
• authorizes each transfer, imports/exports, measured discards and other inventory changes

System e-Gamma

• Start Operation - DOU 247 – 20/12/2013 – Mandatory use in all the facilities
• Web system dedicated and hosted in CNEN operated with server certificate and encrypted

information between the user browser and the Web server

• Users identified by e-CPF
• Manages via Web all the records and authorization for transfers and other inventory

changes (measured discards, exemptions, accidental losses)

• Selection of Portuguese or English and alerts through standardized email

e-GAMMA SYSTEM for NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL

Open/Close LCG Inventory Change Docs List of Inventory Items Queries, Reports Users, facilities, MBAs, Rules, PDF Docs OPERATOR (access only to its facility)

COSAP e- Gamma

+

Download ICR/PIL/MBR Queries, Reports Records consultation Release ICR/PIL/MBR Queries, Reports Records consultation Download ICR/PIL/MBR Records examination and approval, Reports generation and release Queries

Users, Profiles, Menus, Faciities, MBAs, Rules, Docs, LCG, LI, ICR, PIL, MBR, DIQs / F.A. pdf

Administrator (access permission, users, facilities and rules registration)

Access Profiles

e-GAMMA for NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL

e-GAMMA for NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONTROL

NUCLEAR MATERIAL VERIFICATION

(CNEN, ABACC, AIEA)

• CNEN prepares annual inspection program and coordinates with ABACC and IAEA
• CNEN performs inspection program and participates in the joint ABACC/IAEA inspections
• Unannounced: only in the Approaches for Enrichment Plants
• Short Notice: 24h advance notice for Fuel Fabrication Plants
• Announced Interim: programmed for industrial facilities or with high inventory
• Announced PIV: annual for all the facilities, after operator Physical Inventory Taking
• Design Information Verification (DIQ): annual in general together with the PIV
• In 2018
• 89 inspections (359 p-d in the field except resident inspectors)
• 8 inspection missions in Argentina (80 p-d) as ABACC inspector

Teams of Inspectors

• CNEN: 10 + 3 residents
• ABACC: 52 for Brazil (technical staff of Brazil and Argentina)
• IAEA: 80 for Brazil and Argentina (joint indication for the two countries; consultation and

acceptance through ABACC)

NUCLEAR MATERIAL VERIFICATION

(CNEN Regulations)

INSPECTION IN ORE PROCESSING PLANT

(counting and identification, weighing and sampling )

NUCLEAR MATERIAL VERIFICATION

(CNEN Regulations, SCCC, Quadripartite)

INSPECTION IN CONVERSION PLANT (sampling)

NUCLEAR MATERIAL VERIFICATION

(CNEN Regulations, SCCC, Quadripartite)

CYLINDERS STORAGE FUEL FAB. AND ENRICHMENT (Enrichment Measurement)

VERIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT CONTROL - LASAL

CNEN conducts independent measurements of nuclear material at the facilities to:

• verify the facility

inventory

• evaluate the operator

measurement system

• analyze IAEA/ABACC

inspection results

In 2018, 47 DA samples and 46 NDA samples analyzed

VERIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT CONTROL - LASAL

SERVICES

• Calibration with Primary Standards
• Procedures and Working Papers
• Preparation of Sampling Kits and
• Maintenance and preparation of

equipment for inspection

• Training of CNEN and ABACC

inspectors METHODS For Determination of Uranium Concentration

• Automatic Potentiometric Titration
• High Precision Titration
• Spectrophotometry

For Determination of Enrichment

• Gama/x Spectrometry
• Neutron Coincidence Collar
• Mass Spectrometry (under implementation)

Hoods, Titrater, Identifinder, Multichannel analyzer, Detectors: NaI, CZT, LaBr3, HPGe Neutron Collar Load cells, Scales Standard weights, Thickness Meter, Metal and Plastic Seals Mass Spectrometer Equipment and Devices

VERIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT CONTROL - LASAL

LASAL – Radiometry Laboratory

Identification of isotopes in samples; Calibration of enrichment measurement equipment

LASAL –High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry

Enrichment measurements in samples by high resolution gamma spectrometry

LASAL - Laboratory for Neutrons Measurement

Determination of uranium mass in fuel elements

LASAL – CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

U Concentration determination and characterization of nuclear material in samples

(ICP-MS) MASS SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY

Determination of enrichment and isotopic concentration in samples

LASAL – TECHNICAL COOPERATION

ABACC

• Provision of technical people to work as inspector in Argentine facilities
• Provision of a room in LASAL (storage of standards and equipment)
• Acting as a member of ABACC Analytical Network
• Provision of technical people to compose Experts Groups, especially NDA and DA
• Training in NDA measurement techniques for inspectors
• Test and calibration of measurement system (detectors, multichannel and software)

AIEA

• Through the Member States Support Program
• Tasks: training, provision of reference material, test of new tools and equipment

DOE

• ORNL: equipment and NDA methods, quality control of NDA measurements, training
• NBL: DA methods, quality control of DA measurements, characterization of reference

material, training

• LANL: neutron measurement techniques, Monte Carlo simulations, training

Obrigada! Thanks!

www.cnen.gov.br

Perguntas? Questions?