Integrating cover crop residue and moldboard plowing into - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
integrating cover crop residue and moldboard plowing into
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Integrating cover crop residue and moldboard plowing into - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 14, 2024 120 likes •460 views

Integrating cover crop residue and moldboard plowing into glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth management programs Culpepper, Kichler, Sosnoskie, York, Sammons, Nichols Dryland production with severe GR Palmer Infestation. Staple + Reflex +

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Integrating cover crop residue and moldboard plowing into glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth management programs

Culpepper, Kichler, Sosnoskie, York, Sammons, Nichols

slide-2
SLIDE 2

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

Dryland production with severe GR Palmer Infestation.

slide-3
SLIDE 3

No Deep Tillage Deep Turn No Herbicide Treatment

Palmer Amaranth Plants During Early Season. Macon Co., Georgia 2008.*

slide-4
SLIDE 4

No Deep Tillage Deep Turned

Prowl H20 + Reflex PRE; WeatherMax + Dual Magnum POST; Direx + MSMA Layby

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Conservation Tillage is Very Important To the Southeast

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Percent reduction in Palmer emergence by cover crops without herbicides. GA and NC. 2007. 42 DAP.*

20 40 60 80 100

59,895 lb/A 66,429 lb/A 68,607 lb/A 96,921 lb/A

*Compared to the no cover conventionally tilled system.

38 b 53 ab 40 b 57 a wheat biomass rye biomass

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Prowl + Cotoran PRE fb Roundup + Dual fb Direx + MSMA PD

Conv Strip-Till

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Objective

Determine the impacts of integrating both

deep turning and intense cover crop residues in Roundup- and Ignite-based programs.

slide-9
SLIDE 9

Experimental Location: Macon County, 2009

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Experimental Design

Factorial: 2 deep tillage options 2 cover crop options 4 herbicide systems

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Two Deep Tillage Options

deep turn or no deep turn

All land was disked prior to planting

slide-12
SLIDE 12

Two Cover Crop Options

rye (75 lb/A) or no rye

2009 rye emerging through 2008 rye residue

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Four Herbicide Options

  • 1. no herbicide
  • 2. WMax: 1, 5, 15 lf cotton
  • 3. Staple + Direx + Reflex PRE;

Wmax + Parrlay POST 5 lf; Direx + MSMA LPD 13 lf

  • 4. Staple + Direx + Reflex PRE;

Ignite (29 oz) + Parrlay POST 5 lf Direx + MSMA LPD 13 lf

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Herbicides and Rates

2.0 pt/A Direx 1.7 oz/A Staple 1.0 pt/A Reflex 22 oz/A WeatherMax 21 oz/A Parrlay

PRE POST Layby

Direx 2 pt + MSMA 2 lb Ignite 29 oz/A Roundup-based program: DP 0949 B2RF Ignite –based program: PHY 485 WRF

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Methods

Plot size: 4 rows by 50 feet Herbicide applications: 15 GPA Palmer emergence: row and row middle Cotton Injury: 7-10 d after applications Weed control: late-season reported Harvest: two center rows

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Rainfall

Rainfall on PRE’s: 0.25” at 4 d; 0.75” at 5 d Rainfall on Parrlay: 0.77” at 3 d Rainfall on Layby: 1.1” at 5 d

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Herbicide Injury

Reflex PRE 12 to 15% at 10 DAT

Minor injury noted thorough 27 DAT

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Herbicide Injury

RU + Parrlay 9 to 12% at 7 DAT Ignite + Parrlay 19 to 21% at 7 DAT

No visual injury detected 9 d later.

slide-19
SLIDE 19

20 40 60 80 100

65 b

Drill Middle

percent 47 c 46 c

Reduction in Palmer emergence as affected by deep turning/cover crop residue at 16 DAP. Macon Co., GA 2009.

Rye cover Deep turn + Rye cover

96 a 94 a 50 c

Deep turn

Drill Middle Drill Middle

Non-treated: 620 plant/m2. No herbicides applied.

slide-20
SLIDE 20

20 40 60 80 100

81 b

No deep turn No Cover Deep turn No cover

Rye 7 foot when killed, rolled, planted. Deep turn 12 inch in previous fall. Herbicide program: Direx + Reflex + Staple PRE; RU + Parrlay POST, Direx + MSMA at layby.

percent 63 c 80 b 98 a

GR Palmer amaranth control at harvest with Roundup-based systems. Macon Co., GA 2009.

No deep turn Rye Cover Deep turn Rye Cover

slide-21
SLIDE 21

GR Palmer amaranth response to glyphosate. Macon County, GA. 2009.

No-herbicide control Glyphosate 3 X

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

No deep tillage No cover crop Deep tillage No cover crop

Palmer amaranth response to deep tillage. Macon County, GA. 2009.

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

No deep tillage No cover crop No deep tillage Rye cover crop

Palmer amaranth response to cover crops. Macon County, GA. 2009.

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

No deep tillage No cover crop Deep tillage Rye cover crop

Palmer amaranth response to deep tillage and cover crops. Macon County, GA. 2009.

slide-25
SLIDE 25

700 1400 2100

1627 b

No deep turn No Cover Deep turn No cover

Rye 7 foot when killed, rolled, planted. Deep turn 12 inch in previous fall. Herbicide program: Direx + Reflex + Staple PRE; RU + Parrlay POST, Direx + MSMA at layby.

1298 d 1524 bc 2078 a

Seed cotton yield (lb/A) with Roundup-based

  • systems. Macon Co., GA 2009.

No deep turn Rye Cover Deep turn Rye Cover

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

No deep tillage No cover crop

Palmer amaranth response to deep tillage and cover crops. Macon County, GA. 2009.

Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Ignite + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

No deep tillage No cover crop

slide-27
SLIDE 27

20 40 60 80 100

97 a

No deep turn No Cover Deep turn No cover

Rye 7 foot when killed, rolled, planted. Deep turn 12 inch in previous fall. Herbicide program: Direx + Reflex + Staple PRE; Ignite + Parrlay POST, Direx + MSMA at layby.

percent 97 a 98 a 99 a

No deep turn Rye Cover Deep turn Rye Cover

GR Palmer amaranth control at harvest with Ignite- based systems. Macon Co., GA 2009.

slide-28
SLIDE 28

700 1400 2100

1810 bc

No deep turn No Cover Deep turn No cover

Rye 7 foot when killed, rolled, planted. Deep turn 12 inch in previous fall. Herbicide program: Direx + Reflex + Staple PRE; RU + Parrlay POST, Direx + MSMA at layby.

1552 d 1715 cd 2090 a

Seed cotton yield (lb/A) with Ignite-based systems. Macon Co., GA 2009.

No deep turn Rye Cover Deep turn Rye Cover

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Conclusions – Tillage/Cover

  • 1. Heavy residue reduced pigweed emergence 50

(row) to 94% (middle).

  • 2. Deep turning reduced pigweed emergence 46

to 47%.

  • 3. Deep turning and cover crop residue reduced

Palmer emergence 65 (row) to 96% (middle).

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Conclusions – RR System

  • 1. Deep turning or cover crops improved late-

season control 17 to 18%.

  • 2. Deep turning plus cover crops improved late-

season control 35%.

  • 3. Yields followed trends with Palmer control

but was influenced by tillage/cover crop residue.

slide-31
SLIDE 31

Conclusions – Ignite System

  • 1. Palmer control at least 97%; more effective

than RR systems except when using deep turning and cover crop residue.

  • 2. Yields were increased 10% (numerical) by

deep turning, 15% with cover crop, and 26% with deep turning plus cover crops.

slide-32
SLIDE 32

QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS?

Culpepper, Kichler, Sosnoskie, York, Sammons, Nichols