This was Lagos
This is Lagos
This was Lagos
This is Lagos 2010
Street of Lagos in 2010
Mechanized Sweeping
Lagos Highway
Olushosun landfill site in 2004
Olushosun Landfill Site (2009)
Olushosun Landfill Site (2010)
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS v Landfill Area Coverage Approximately 47 Hectares v Waste Depth About 15M v Geology The sub-surface geology is comprised of a lateritic cover with variable thickness averaging 4m. It is reddish brown in colour with sand and clay portions. This cover overlies an alternating sequence of sand and clay deposits. The top soil (0-50cm) and sub soil (50-100cm) are predominantly clay and slightly alkaline with a pH range of 7.12-7.24
OLUSHOSUN LAYOUT PLAN
Analysis of Tracer’s Behavioural Pattern in Attenuation Site. Test M ethod Samples (5/ 5/ 00)A (12/ 500)B (19/ 5/ 00)C 1. Colour Visual Light Brown Light Brown Cloudy 2. PH Meter 6.10 6.05 5.4 29 0 C 26 0 C 26 0 C 3. Temperature Meter 4.Turbidity (FTU) Meter Nil Nil Nil 4.02 x 10 3 4.40 x 10 -3 2.85 x 10 3 5.Conductivity s/ cm Meter 6. TSS mg/ l A.P .H.A. 1277.33 1250.24 1993.33 7. TDS mg/ l A.P .H.A. 241.00 240.5 222.3 8. Chloride (mg/ l) A.P .H.A. 50.4 52.2 56.59 -2 mg/ l 9.Sulphate as SO 4 A.P .H.A. 1493.10 1504.05 1393.10 10. S ulphide as S mg/ l A.P .H.A. ND ND ND 11. Cyanide (CN) mg/ l 12. Nitrate NO 3 mg/ l A.P .H.A. 3.40 3.40 2.95 13.Phosphate (PO4) mg/ l A.P .H.A. 0.0067 0.0071 ND 14. Arsenic (AS) mg/ l 15. Iron (as Fe) mg/ l A.A.S. 0.08 0.081 0.06 16. M anganese (mn) 17. Phenol Compd. Mg/ l A.P .H.A. 27.00 21.90 21.96
Analysis of Tracer’s Behavioural Pattern in Attenuation Site. Cont’d Test M ethod Samples (5/ 5/ 00)A (12/ 500)B (19/ 5/ 00)C 18. Copper mg/ l A.A.S. 0.035 0.036 0.035 19. Lead mg/ l A.A.S. 0.07 0.08 ND 20. Mercury mg/ l 21. Silver mg/ l 22. Zinc mg/ l A.A.S. 0.01 0.01 0.009 23. Ammonia mg/ l A.A.S. 2.95 2.90 2.81 24.T otal Hardnessmg.calog/ l A.P .H.A. 14.00 14.00 13.56 25. Coliform cfu/ ml Microbiological Nil Nil Nil
Leachate sample analysis .( Sample Location SA2) S/ N Test M ethod Samples and Date A(5/5/00) B(7/6/00) C(7/7/00) 1. Colour Visual Dark Brown Dark Brown Dinting Brown 2. PH Meter 7.8 7.3 6.8 3. Temperature Meter 30 0 C 27 0 C 27 0 C 4. Turbidity (FTU) Meter 5. Conductivity s/cm Meter 14750 16330 11210 6. TSS mg/l A.P.H.A. 9709 90041 12,794 7. TDS mg/l A.P.H.A. 1.27 1.05 1.6 8. BOD Meter 2341 2146 1850 Chloride (u -2 mg/l) 9. A.P.H.A. -2 mg/l) 10. Sulphate (SO 4 A.P.H.A. 2270 183 2149
Leachate sample analysis .( Sample Location SA2) Cont’d S/ N Test M ethod Samples and Date A(5/5/00) B(7/6/00) C(7/7/00) Sulphide (S mg/l) A.P.H.A 10 8 12 11. Nitrates(NO 2 mg/l) A.P.H.A. 56 34 32 12. Phosphate (PO4 mg/l) A.P.H.A. 0.09 0.1 ND 13. Arsenic (as mg/l) 14. Iron (Fe mg/l) A.A.S. 26.14 20.5 19.42 15. Phenol (mg/l) A.P.H.A 240.5 196 143.5 16. Copper mg/l A.A.S. 0.04 0.035 ND 17. Lead mg/l A.A.S. ND 0.13 0.10 18. Zinc mg/l A.A.S. 2.04 2.35 2.37 19. Ammonia mg/l A.P.H.A 4.05 5.14 2.39 20.
Leachate sample analysis .( Sample Location SA2) Cont’d S/ N Test M ethod Samples and Date A(5/5/00) B(7/6/00) C(7/7/00) A.P.H.A 2430 2119 384 T otal hardness 21. (mg.CaCO 3 / l) Microbiological 196 x10 4 125 x 10 4 256 x 10 3 Coliform cfu/ ml 22.
Down-stream well water analyses.(Sample Location SA3) S/ N Test M ethod Samples and Date A(5/5/00) B(7/6/00) C(7/7/00) 1. Colour Visual Brownish Brownish Brownish 2. PH Meter 6.3 6.32 6.3 27 0 C 26 0 C 27 0 C 3. Temperature Meter 4. Turbidity (FTU) Meter 50 55 48 5. Conductivity skin Meter 4000 325.0 396.7 6. TSS mg/l A.P.H.A. 2371 3943 3107 7. TDS mg/l A.P.H.A. 1069 1021 942 8. BOD Meter 4.03 6.65 5.4 Chloride (u -2 mg/l) 9. A.P.H.A. 1569 1243 835 -2 mg/l) 10. Sulphate (SO 4 A.P.H.A. 1897 2044 2254 11. Sulphide (SO 2 mg/l) A.P.H.A 1.2 1.4 1.5
Down-stream well water analyses.(Sample Location SA3) Cont’d S/ N Test M ethod Samples and Date A(5/5/00) B(7/6/00) C(7/7/00) 12. Nitrates(NO 2 mg/l) A.P.H.A. 26 42 40 13. Phosphate (PO 4 mg/l) A.P.H.A. ND ND ND 14. Iron (Fe mg/l) A.A.S. 10 10 14 15. Phenol (mg/l) A.P.H.A 122.4 112 165 16. Copper mg/l A.A.S. 0.03 ND ND 17. Lead mg/l A.A.S. 0.032 0.06 ND 18. Zinc mg/l A.A.S. 0.95 1.24 1.47 19. 20. Ammonia mg/l A.P.H.A 2.10 2.95 3.19 21. Total hardness (mg/l) A.P.H.A 56 41 32
Comparative analysis of mean values from sample locations and acceptable standards S/N TEST SA1 SA2 SA3 Acceptable Limit Agency P H 1 5.9 7.3 6.3 6.5 WHO 2 Colour - 15 USEPA 26 0 C 3 Temperature 28 27 4 Turbidity Nil 51 1.5 USEPA 3.8 x 10 -3 5 Conductivity 373.9 0.0004 EEC 6 TSS (mg/l) 1507.08 14097 3140 5 WHO 7 TDS (mg/l) 234.6 10848 1011 500 USEPA 8 BOD 0.5 1.31 5.36 9 Chloride(mg/l) 53.1 2112 1216 250 – 500 WHO 10 Sulphate (mg/l) 1463.4 2083 2065 250 – 400 WHO 11 Sulphide(mg/l) Nd 10 1.37 12 Nitrate (mg/l) 3.25 41 36 10 USEPA 13 Phosphate (mg/l) 0.0069 0.095 Nd 0.7 NJ 14 Iron (mg/l) 0.074 22.02 11.3 0.3 USEPA 15 Phenol (mg/l) 21.95 193 133.13 0.005 EEC 16 Copper (mg/l) 0.035 0.38 0.03 1 WHO 17 Lead (mg/l) 0.075 0.12 0.046 0.05 USEPA 18 Zinc (mg/l) 0.01 0.25 1.22 5 USEPA 19 Ammonia (mg/l) 2.89 3.86 2.75 2 USSR 20 Total Hardness 14.0 16.44 43 500 WHO
Oregun-Backround Groundwater Quality Parameter Sample 0 – BH-2 0-BH-5* * Concentration Agency Limit Physical Apearance Light Brown Cloudy 15 USEP A Colour 2 2 3.0 D# USEP A Odour Unobjectible Unobjectionable 6.5 USEP A PH 6.1 5.4 1.5 USEP A Turbidity (Ftu) ND ND 0.0004 EEC Coductivity (S/cm) 0.0042 0.00185 Dissolved Oxygen 0.6 0.2 TSS 1077 34933 500 USEP A TDS 211 222.33 T otal Alkalinity 17 2 (asCaCO3) 8 10 Acidity (as CaCO3) 7 10 T otal Hardness (as 30.13 3 CaCO3) 44.05 26.59
Oregun-Backround Groundwater Quality Cont’d Parameter Sample 0 – BH-2 0-BH-5* * Concentration Agency Limit Chloride 1383.1 1383.1 250 USEP A T otal Chlorine 3.4 3.4 10 USEP A Sulphate 0.0067 0.0067 0.7 UJ Nitrate ND ND Phosphate 15 15 0.3 USEP A Sulphite <0.06 <0.06 1 WHO Silica <0.035 <0.035 5 USEP A Iron <0.01 <0.01 0.05 USEP A Copper 0.1 0.1 0.0005 EEC Zinc 20 20 2 USSR Lead 2 2 0.01 USEP A Phenol 2.95 2.95 Ammonia ND ND Coliform (cfu/ m)
• Sample taken from shallow aquifer • Sample taken from lower aquifer; observed distinct H2S odour USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency WHO - World Health Organization NJ - New J ersey Dept. of Environmental Protection EEC - European Economic Community Drinking Water Directive USSR - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Maximum Permissible Concentration.
Comparison of Chemical Characteristics of Leachate Natural Ground Water Achakpo Anthony LUTH 55m Aguda Natufe St. Lantana Lowestoft, (Old) Village Borehole Dug well S/lere Dug Landfill UK Leachate Leachate Well U.S.A. PH 7.3 7.3 4.4 6 7 ND ND N1 N1 Elect. Cond. ND ND 24 390 8285 1200 790 46000 850 TDS 5101 1290 40 240 4660 606 460 N1 N1 Chloride 1498 546 10 129 1838 60 20 2837 87 Sulphate 1104 1274 1.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND Alkalinity 3344 442 13 ND ND ND ND ND ND Bicarbonate ND ND ND 134 1586 ND ND ND ND COD 137 95 ND ND ND 240 50 9743 24 Irion 6.9 10.6 ND ND ND 4.3 2.6 ND ND Hardness 3344 442 ND ND ND ND ND 2090 425 Ammonia 4.8 1.7 0.44 0.44 3500 0.12
Landfill Compactors
Marine Waste Unit
Simpson Transfer Loading Station London C40 Workshop
Simpson TLS, Lagos
Transfer trailers
Oshodi TLS (Awaiting Commissioning)
Marini TLS, Oshodi
Medical Waste Treatment Plant, Oshodi
Plastic Recycling Plant @ Olushosun Landfill Site
PELLETIZER
EXTRUDER SHOWING WASTE BAGS IN PRODUCTION
Compos Compostin ting
Potential increase in market demand due to rise in non- organic fertilizer price . .
London C40 Workshop
Nylon Recycling Process
Baled Nylons
Paper bailing machine
Scavengers in Olushosun
Recycling Bank
Household Sorting of MSW with the Provision of 240litres Wheeler Bins London C40 Workshop
Abandoned refuse trucks Abandoned refuse trucks 97
Private waste collection trucks before 2005
Low Emission Refuse Collection Trucks
Static Compactors
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