Innovative J Japan anes ese W Waste-to-Green een Product T Tec - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Innovative J Japan anes ese W Waste-to-Green een Product T Tec echnol ologi gies es: Econ onomic ically ly Viab able e BE BECCS CCS Kunio Yoshikawa Professor Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan

Oi Oil and Fertilizer er P Price C e Change

Coal-CCS Electricity Coal Flue Gas CO 2 Earth (Without Economical Incentive) Biomass-CCS Electricity Biomass Fertilizer Earth (With Economical Incentive) Economically Viable BECCS

Condition f for Profitab able W Waste-to to-Green P Product B Business Income from Income from selling product ＞ + Utility cost + Labor cost + Capital cost Waste Treatment Increase Increase Decrease Decrease Decrease ・ Automation ・ Self energy ・ Technology ・ Deficiency of ・ Fuel price ・ Cheap labor generation standardization landfill area increase ・ Technology ・ Fertilizer price ・ Environmental licensing increase concern on land-filling E f f e c t o f N e w T e c h n o l o g i e s N e w M a r k e t

Resource Recycling System ① Waste-to-Coal Technology MSW (Municipal Solid Waste), Hospital Waste ② Waste-to-Fertilizer Technology Sewage Sludge, Animal Manure, Food Waste ③ Waste-to-Electricity Technology Biomass Wastes

① Waste-to-Coal Technology

Hydrothermal Treatment of MSW Dry Product Boiler MSW Fuel input Steam Air-blow (220 ℃ ,2.5MPa) drying Reactor Motor Cement Kiln Product (85%) Clean Water Water Water Condenser Treatment (15%)

Application of Waste-to-Coal In Cement Production Line Treated Coal MSW Material Mixer Bunker input Pulverizer product out MSW = Municipal Solid Waste

Commercial Plant nts Hospital Wastes (3m 3 ) Municipal Solid Wastes (12m 3 )

Profitability of Waste-to-Coal • Treatment capacity of MSW : 100tons/day • Investment for full treatment plant with 2 reactors – 3 M US$. • Moisture content of MSW : 65 % • Production per annum on dry basis –12,600 tons/year (100tons/day X 0.35 X 360 days) • Boiler fuel: 15% of RDF will be utilized as a boiler fuel – 1,890 tons/year • Annual operation period: 360days • Daily operation: 24 hours/day • Maintenance cost/year (3% of the capital cost) – 0.09 M US$/year • VC and FC – (labor, electricity… ) – 0.06 M US$/year • Capital cost (5 years depreciation) – 0.6 M US$/year • Total expenditure – 0.75 M US$/year • Income by selling the product fuel – 1.61 M US$/year (150 US$/ton x (12,600-1,890)tons/year)

② Waste-to-Fertilizer Technology

Sewage sludge treatment Hydrothermal Water treatment content 85% Water content 80% Heavy metal Nutrient (N, P, K ) Mechanical dehydration Fast natural drying （ 24 hours ） Water content 10 ～ 20% Separated water Water content 55%

36,000 US$/ton

Commercial Plants Food Wastes (10m 3 ) Sewage Sludge (7.8 m 3 ) Japan China

Profitability of Waste-to-Fertilizer • Treatment capacity of Sewage sludge : 30tons/day • Investment for full treatment plant with 2 reactors – 1 M US$ • Moisture content of sludge : 80 % • Solid fuel production per annum on dry basis –2,160 tons/year (30tons/day X 0.2 X 360 days) • Boiler fuel: 100% of RDF will be utilized as a boiler fuel – 2,160tons/year • Liquid fertilizer production per annum –10,800tons/year (30tons/day X 360days) • Annual operation period: 360days • Daily operation: 24 hours/day • Maintenance cost/year (3% of the capital cost) – 0.03 M US$/year • VC and FC – (labor, electricity… ) – 0.02 M US$/year • Capital cost (5 years depreciation) – 0.2 M US$/year • Total expenditure – 0.25 M US$/year • Income by selling the liquid fertilizer – 2.16 M US$/year (200 US$/ton x 10,800tons/year)

③ Waste-to-Electricity Technology

System analysis O2 supply 52.72 (kg/hr) Biomass 100 input 151.96 kg 144.83 kg CO2 storage ASU (kg/hr): O2 supply (kg/hr) Gasifier 909 K 79.66 Heat Producer gas Excha Composition (%) nger H2 18.19% CO 36.78% CH4 1.00% CO2 44.03% Work output 5.59E+05 MJ/hr Total mass 254.94 155.17 kW (kg/hr) Effici cien ency cy 31. 1.91 91% 17

Outline of the carbonizer Synga gas Electricity Chick cken • CO CO • H 2 manure • CH 4 Tempa para rature ure dist istrib ibution Fixed be d bed d updraft t Gas t Ga temp. p. ：＜ 10 100 ℃ gasif sifier Carbo boni nizing ng T Temp. p. ： About 500 t 500 ℃ Agita tator ： About ut 800 800 ℃程度 Bio io-ch char f fer ertilizer er Air ir (N:5%, P:5%, K:5%) Char ： About 500 t 500 ℃ 18

Commercial Plant Chicken Manure Dryer Unit Use of Chicken Body Heat Gasification Plant and Excess Heat Energy (Water Content 70% → 15% ） Profitability 0.40 US$/kWh Electricity Annual Income 250kW 0.79 M US$ 300,000 10 tons/day Bio-char Dry Manure 200 US$/ton Chikens Annual Income fertilizer 0.36 M US$ 5 tons/day Plant Cost: 1.5 M US$