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May 09, 2023 149 likes •362 views

Innovative J Japan anes ese W Waste-to-Green een Product T Tec echnol ologi gies es: Econ onomic ically ly Viab able e BE BECCS CCS Kunio Yoshikawa Professor Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Oi Oil and Fertilizer er P

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SLIDE 1

Innovative J Japan anes ese W Waste-to-Green een Product T Tec echnol

  • logi

gies es: Econ

  • nomic

ically ly Viab able e BE BECCS CCS

Kunio Yoshikawa Professor Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan

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SLIDE 2

Oi Oil and Fertilizer er P Price C e Change

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SLIDE 3

Coal-CCS

Coal Earth Flue Gas Electricity Earth Electricity Fertilizer Biomass CO2 (Without Economical Incentive) (With Economical Incentive)

Economically Viable BECCS

Biomass-CCS

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SLIDE 4

Income from Waste Treatment

+

Income from selling product ＞ Labor cost + Utility cost + Capital cost

Increase Increase Decrease Decrease Decrease

・Deficiency of landfill area ・Environmental concern on land-filling ・Fuel price increase ・Fertilizer price increase ・Automation ・Cheap labor ・Self energy generation ・Technology standardization ・Technology licensing

E f f e c t o f N e w T e c h n o l o g i e s

N e w M a r k e t

Condition f for Profitab able W Waste-to to-Green P Product B Business

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SLIDE 5

Resource Recycling System

① Waste-to-Coal Technology

MSW (Municipal Solid Waste), Hospital Waste

② Waste-to-Fertilizer Technology

Sewage Sludge, Animal Manure, Food Waste

③ Waste-to-Electricity Technology

Biomass Wastes

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SLIDE 6

① Waste-to-Coal Technology

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SLIDE 7

MSW input

Hydrothermal Treatment of MSW

Boiler

Product Fuel Steam

Water Treatment Condenser

Water Clean Water

Motor Reactor

Dry Product

Air-blow drying

Cement Kiln

(220℃,2.5MPa)

(15%) (85%)

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SLIDE 8

MSW = Municipal Solid Waste Material input product out

Coal Pulverizer Mixer Bunker Treated MSW

In Cement Production Line

Application of Waste-to-Coal

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SLIDE 9

Commercial Plant nts

Hospital Wastes (3m3) Municipal Solid Wastes (12m3)

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SLIDE 10

Profitability of Waste-to-Coal

  • Treatment capacity of MSW : 100tons/day
  • Investment for full treatment plant with 2 reactors – 3 M US$.
  • Moisture content of MSW : 65 %
  • Production per annum on dry basis –12,600 tons/year (100tons/day X 0.35 X 360 days)
  • Boiler fuel: 15% of RDF will be utilized as a boiler fuel – 1,890 tons/year
  • Annual operation period: 360days
  • Daily operation: 24 hours/day
  • Maintenance cost/year (3% of the capital cost) – 0.09 M US$/year
  • VC and FC – (labor, electricity… ) – 0.06 M US$/year
  • Capital cost (5 years depreciation) – 0.6 M US$/year
  • Total expenditure – 0.75 M US$/year
  • Income by selling the product fuel – 1.61 M US$/year (150 US$/ton x (12,600-1,890)tons/year)
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SLIDE 11

② Waste-to-Fertilizer Technology

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SLIDE 12

Sewage sludge treatment

Hydrothermal treatment Mechanical dehydration Water content 80% Water content 85% Water content 55% Water content 10～20% Fast natural drying （24 hours） Separated water

Heavy metal Nutrient (N, P, K)

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SLIDE 13

36,000 US$/ton

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SLIDE 14

Commercial Plants

Food Wastes (10m3) Japan Sewage Sludge (7.8 m3) China

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SLIDE 15

Profitability of Waste-to-Fertilizer

  • Treatment capacity of Sewage sludge : 30tons/day
  • Investment for full treatment plant with 2 reactors – 1 M US$
  • Moisture content of sludge : 80 %
  • Solid fuel production per annum on dry basis –2,160 tons/year (30tons/day X 0.2 X 360 days)
  • Boiler fuel: 100% of RDF will be utilized as a boiler fuel – 2,160tons/year
  • Liquid fertilizer production per annum –10,800tons/year (30tons/day X 360days)
  • Annual operation period: 360days
  • Daily operation: 24 hours/day
  • Maintenance cost/year (3% of the capital cost) – 0.03 M US$/year
  • VC and FC – (labor, electricity… ) – 0.02 M US$/year
  • Capital cost (5 years depreciation) – 0.2 M US$/year
  • Total expenditure – 0.25 M US$/year
  • Income by selling the liquid fertilizer – 2.16 M US$/year (200 US$/ton x 10,800tons/year)
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SLIDE 16

③ Waste-to-Electricity Technology

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SLIDE 17

System analysis

O2 supply 52.72 (kg/hr) 100 151.96 kg 144.83 kg O2 supply (kg/hr) 909 K 79.66 Producer gas Composition (%) H2 18.19% CO 36.78% CH4 1.00% CO2 44.03% 5.59E+05 MJ/hr 254.94 155.17 kW

Effici cien ency cy

Work output

31. 1.91 91%

Total mass (kg/hr) Biomass input (kg/hr):

Gasifier Heat Excha nger ASU CO2 storage

17

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SLIDE 18

Chick cken manure Air ir Synga gas

  • CO

CO

  • H2
  • CH4

Fixed be d bed d updraft t gasif sifier Tempa para rature ure dist istrib ibution Ga Gas t temp. p.：＜10 100℃ Carbo boni nizing ng T Temp. p.： About 500 t 500℃ Agita tator ：About ut 800 800℃程度 Char ：About 500 t 500℃

Outline of the carbonizer

Bio io-ch char f fer ertilizer er

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(N:5%, P:5%, K:5%)

Electricity

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SLIDE 19

Commercial Plant

Chicken Manure Dryer Unit Use of Chicken Body Heat and Excess Heat Energy (Water Content 70% → 15%） Gasification Plant

300,000 Chikens 10 tons/day Dry Manure Electricity 250kW Bio-char fertilizer 5 tons/day

0.40 US$/kWh 200 US$/ton

Annual Income 0.79 M US$ Annual Income 0.36 M US$ Plant Cost: 1.5 M US$

Profitability