IMAGING SCIENCE SPOTLIGHT SERIES February 3 rd , 2016 Texas A&M - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

IMAGING SCIENCE SPOTLIGHT SERIES February 3rd, 2016

Texas A&M Institute for Preclinical Studies

Joseph Kornegay Director

Autoradiography techniques Using multiple beta and Auger emitters 2

Micro-PET/ SPECT-CT Alpbira Bruker Biospin Corp. PET/CT Siemens Biograph mCT 128-slice TOF PK/PD Radiochemistry and Labeling Facilities Radio-pharmacy Radiochemistry Laboratory Operating Rooms 3 large state-of-the-art OR Suites Fixed Cardiac Catheterization Lab In-House sterilization (ETO and Steam) Additional Modalities: Ultrasound Planar X-ray Portable C-Arm PACS

The Center for Transla.onal Research in Aging and Longevity (CTRAL) is engaged in ongoing TranslaAonal research in humans in the fields of nutriAon, exercise, and metabolism in relaAon to aging and the common diseases and condiAons present in our aging populaAon. This includes Cancer, Chronic Heart Failure, Chronic Obstruc.ve Pulmonary Disease, Demen.a and mild cogni.ve impairment (MCI), Au.sm, Obesity, Sleep apnea, and Inac.vity/Bed rest.

PRIORITY 1. NMRS: 31P, 1H, 13C 2. Body composition/imaging 3. fMRI Typical Research Ques.ons 1. Does leg exercise in older adults with a chronic disease improve muscle energy kine.cs by training/nutri.on (31P-1H-13C-MR; figure)? 2. Is obesity associated with changes in Intra/Extra cellular muscle/liver fat content? 3. To what extent does bed rest reduce whole body muscle content? 4. Is OSA (Obstruc.ve Sleep Apnea) associated with altera.ons in brain func.on and ac.vity? 5. fMRI and aging and chronic diseases

Boesch 2007

Used research approaches comprise intravenous infusions of stable isotopes to measure metabolism (i.e., energy, protein, amino acids, fat), quan.fica.on of muscle mass, and func.on tes.ng of muscle, liver and brain.

3D imaging of fossil pro.st/algal shells, cysts and skeletal components

John V. Firth, Curator, IODP-TAMU

Fossils Method

Cylinder with radiolarian tests (opaline silica) & foraminifer shells (calcite) (63-400 µm)

700 µm Micro-CT (best resoluAon =0.7 µm/700 nm)

Discovered NEED!

1) Visible laser (488 nm best) fluoresce calcite microfossils, though UV light is supposed to produce best calcite fluorescence 2) Visible laser (488 nm best) fluoresces

• paline silica

microfossils (radiolarians, diatoms, silicoflagellates, etc.)

Results NEED!! Nano-CT (50 nm resoluAon) such as Xradia 800 or Bruker SkyScan 2211 Nanotomograph

3D hand size print of foram 3D hand size print of rad

Confocal Laser Fluorescence (best resoluAon = ~70 nm) 3) Variable fluorescence in siliceous fossils reflects varia.ons in trace elements within single specimens

Method Calcareous Nannofossils

Size = 4-20 µm Size = 10-200 µm

Short, medium +/- long UV (220-360 nm) laser/LED source for confocal microscopy to get the strongest fluorescence and best 3D images of the Aniest microfossils Diatoms

3D hand size print of nannofossil 3D hand size print of diatom

New radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) PET/Fluorescence dual modality imaging agents Sensors for the fluorescence turn-on detec@on of F- and CN- in water

Francois Gabbaï – Chemistry – hFp://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/gabbai/Publica@ons.html

TAMU Vet. Med. Teaching Hospital

• Pets are naturally occurring

models of human disease!

• Broad diversity of experts

(vet radiologists, neurologists, surgeons, anesthesiologists, …

• Research

– Quantitative MRI – Technique validation

• Capabilities

– 3T MRI, 40-slice CT, ultrasound, nuc med

• Collaborators

– Siemens, MD Anderson

Diffusion Tensor Tractography (Dachshund)

February 3, 2016 Imaging Science Spotlight Series

Confocal Imaging for Biomedical Application of Synthetic Polymers

Soon Mi Lim / Karen L. Wooley, Dept. of Chemistry, Texas A&M University

Preosteoblast cells

• n 1,2 EDT-co-TAQA

Degradable polycarbonate for bone implant

Lauren Link 100µm w/ degradation compounds for 72hr

poly-Honokiol for cardiovascular application

Kevin Wacker Endothelical cells on poly-Honokiol, cytoskeleton (green) and focal adhesion ( red)

<Acknowledgements>

• Dr. Cynthia J. Meininger and Dr. Andeea Trache for vascular

endothelial cells and discussions.

• NIH PEN (HHSN268201000046C), NIH (R01-DK082546),

NSF (CHE-1410272, DMR-1309724, DMR-1507429), and Welch Foundation (A-0001) for financial support

• LSBI for confocal imaging

Focal adhesion Nuclei Cytoskeleton

10 µm

Hydrogels for injectable polymer

Live fibroblast cells (green) and dead cells (red) after 20 days

He, X., et al., J. Mater.

• Chem. B, 2014, 2(46),

8123-8130

Xun He

Zhang, F. et al., JACS (2015), 137, 2056−2066

Fuwu Zhang Bad cells Good cells

Polymer substrate

PEGylated polyphosphoester-based nanocarriers for improving paclitaxel delivery for cancer treatment

Beiyan Nan, Department of Biology, Photo-Ac.vated Localiza.on Microscopy (PALM)

Your dream: Defined localizaAon Slow moAon The reality: Patchy localizaAon Fast moAon The PALM soluAon: Live imaging Single molecule tracking Super spaAal resoluAon Super Ame resoluAon

Our Microscope

Powerful lasers: 405 nm, 100 mW 488 nm, 200 mW 532 nm, 200 mW 561 nm, 200 mW Super spaAal resoluAon: 64 nm or 107 nm Super Ame resoluAon: Up to 10 ms (100 frames/sec) Photo-acAvaAon Unit

Contact bnan@bio.tamu.edu

• E. Sally Ward

Rafal Swiercz Amir Tahmasbi Ramraj Velmurugan Dilip Challa

Radiology, UTSW

Ralph Mason Srinivas Chiguru Xiankai Sun Saleh Ramezani

Modulation of in vivo Dynamics of Antibodies for Diagnostic Imaging

Raimund J. Ober

Micro X-Ray and CT

– ~25-50 μm Resolution – CT-Guided Histology

SEM / EDX

– Low-Vac – Maintain Sample Integrity – EDX – Elemental Composition

Light Microscopy

– Plastic Histology – Tissue/Device Interface – Standard ParafLin Histology

979.458.1074 vetmed.tamu.edu/labs/cvpath

EEG Eye tracking GSR Face reading

Emotional impact Cogni.ve ac.va.on Attention & visual behavior Arousal (pupil) Emotional impact Emotional valence

Biometric Tools for Decision Making

Labo Laboratory f y for Mo r Molecular Simula2o lecular Simula2on - n - lms.c lms.chem. hem.tamu.edu amu.edu

Imaging Science Spotlight Series

February 3, 2016

WORKSHOPS/TRAINING

Linux – 3 hour lecture/3 hour hands-on session 3 x year (Fall, Spring, Summer). Next:

• Feb. 12, 2016

Molecular Modeling – 3 hour lecture/3 hour hands-

• n session. 2 x year (Fall & Spring).

Next: Feb. 19, 2016 Quantum Mechanics – 6 1-hour lectures and 6 2-hour hands-on sessions over 3 days – 1 x year (Summer). Individualized training sessions available. Consulta.on and support for using TAMUs High Performance Research Compu.ng (HPRC) machines.

SOFTWARE

BIOVIA (Accelrys) Materials Studio, Discovery Studio Schrödinger Solware Suite CCG MOE Wide variety of academic and open source solware designed for atomis.c simula.ons. BIOVIA (Accelrys) Pipeline Pilot Imaging: hnp:// accelrys.com/products/datasheets/imaging- collec.on.pdf Assistance in purchasing, installing, and trouble- shoo.ng solware.

HARDWARE

Linux Computer Lab for training 1920-core x86_64 cluster 990-core x86_64 cluster

Single Particle Analysis of Intraflagellar Transport

Hongmin Qin, Biology TAMU

Optical Imaging for Tracking Metastatic Cancer and Nanoparticle Therapies

1 h 3 h 8 h 24 h 4 d Free dye Nanoparticles Osteosarcoma Cells (GFP, Luciferase)

SCKs Micelles

Cancer Cell Imaging (Luciferase Luminescence) Nanoparticle Imaging (Near-IR Fluorescence) Xtreme In Vivo MP4 (Bruker) Near-IR Dye-labeled Nanoparticles Loaded with Paclitaxel Intra-Tibial Injection of Osteosarcoma Cells

Water Control Shell-Crosslinked (SCKs) Paclitaxel Nanoparticles

* Last panel histogram intensity reduced 50x for visualization

1 wk 2 wk 3 wk 4 wk 5 wk

*

Imaging Spotlight Series February 3, 2016 Oral Intubation of Nanoparticle Suspension In Vivo Biodistribution

• ver Time

Ischemic Stroke and Aging

Farida Sohrabji, Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeu.cs Women’s Health in Neuroscience Program Sohrabji@medicine.tamhsc.edu Imaging: Assessment of infarct volum

• ver .me

Assessment of drug localiza. — Stroke is the 4th leading cause of death and the leading cause of long term disability, with a yearly medical cost of $74 billion — Approximately 55,000 more women than men have a stroke each year — Women accounted for 63.0% of US stroke deaths in 2005 — Women also have longer hospital stays, are more likely to be transferred to assisted living facili.es, and more likely to suffer post stroke depression Middle Aged Adu lt

miR-36 3-3p mimic Scrambl ed miR

Stroke Therapies

Wesley Thompson/Biology Neuromuscular Junc.on of Adult Rat blocked for 4 days

Integrated nano-imaging techniques applied to live cell dynamics in vascular disease

Andreea Trache Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M Health Science Center Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University

localized mechanical stress focal adhesions and cytoskeleton Fluorescence imaging Atomic Force Microscopy Force Energy Loading S@ffness Morphology Remodeling TIRF AFM Confocal

• Disease model: aging, thoracic aneurism, hypertension
• Cellular adap.ve responses to mechanical signaling
• Func.onal coupling between adhesion strength and cell s.ffness
• Integrin dependent regula.on of ac.n cytoskeleton

ImplementaAon Challenges

To iden.fy: Ø Func.onal organiza.on of the immature cortex Ø Func.onal matura.on of cor.cal networks that support knowledge acquisi.on Ø Effects of experience on the developing brain and behavior

Teresa Wilcox Psychology Department Infant Cogni.on Lab HbO - 830 nm HbR – 690 nm

Method

Hemodynamic Response

Advantages

ü Non-invasive ü Spa.al & temporal resolu.on ü Cost effec.ve ü Portable & ease of use ü Awake, ac.ve par.cipants ü Whole head imaging

Research Goals

ü Localiza.on ü Processing & analysis

• f op.cal signal

ü Headgear design

MagneAc Resonance Systems Lab

127D USB 3 MRI systems MR Imaging at up to 1000 FPS MR Elastography: Imaging propaga@ng sound waves Simultaneous mul@-coil and mul@nuclear MRI and MRS

Steve Wright smwright@tamu.edu

This allows things like: Ultra-fast imaging of curved surfaces We design/build novel hardware for MRI. 64 channel TX/RX coils Small Animal MRI at 4.7 Tesla Homemade mouse scanner, 0.2 Tesla