Traffic Accident Solutions BASICs Program www.illinoisbassettraining.com
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Outline PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF • ALCOHOL & DRUGS PREVENTION & • INTERVENTION TECHNIQUES ILLINOIS LAWS • PROPER IDENTIFICATION • TECHNIQUES DRAM SHOP LIABILITIES •
Purpose: To provide information to sellers and servers of alcoholic beverages about the effects of alcohol and drug use and abuse.
Goal: To enhance skills, instill confidence, and empower participants to step in to situations and ensure that alcohol is being sold responsibly and legally.
Section 1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL, DRUGS & ALCOHOLISM Blood alcohol concentration (BAC), alcoholism, the effects of alcohol and/or drugs on driving performance. BAC levels related to body weight, gender and amount of alcohol consumed per hour.
What causes impairment? • Alcohol o Ethanol o Methanol o Isopropanol • Illegal drugs • Prescription drugs • Legal drugs
Describe Impairment • Appearance o Disarranged o Vomit o Urine • Eyes o Watery o Bloodshot o Fixated • Face o Flush o Pale • Odors
Describe Impairment • Speech o Incoherent o Slow o Thick, slurred o Repetitive • Physical o Droopy eyelids o Fumbling o Swaying o Staggering o Slow reactions
Describe Impairment • Attitude o Disinterested o Drowsy/Sleepy o Loss of memory o Disoriented o Agitated o Excited o Combative o Argumentative o Insulting o Uncooperative o Inconsistent
Standard-Sized Drinks A Can of Beer - 12 ounces of fluid @ 5% alcohol equals 0.60 ounces of pure ethanol A Glass of Wine - 5 ounces of fluid @ 12% alcohol equals 0.60 ounces of pure ethanol A Shot of Whiskey (100-Proof) – 1 ½ ounce @ 50% alcohol equals 0.60 ounces of pure ethanol
Proof of Alcohol • This system dates to the 18th century, and perhaps earlier, when spirits were graded with gunpowder a solution of water and alcohol "proved" itself when it could be poured on a pinch of gunpowder and the wet powder could still be ignited. If it didn't ignite, the solution had too much water in it and the proof was considered low or "underproof". This process led to the nickname firewater , coined by Native Americans
Distribution of Alcohol Getting the ethanol into the body’s tissues and organs Basic Principle Ethanol goes wherever it finds water Hydrophilic ~ water loving II-19
Which Parts of the Body have Lots of Water? The Brain; The Liver; Muscle Tissue Which Parts Don’t? Bones; Fatty Tissue The average male is 68 percent water The average female is only 55 percent water
Absorption of Alcohol: Stomach Walls Stomach Walls Getting the ethanol out of the stomach 20% and into the blood Pylorus Stomach Walls 80%
THE ALCOHOL CURVE FULL STOMACH V. EMPTY STOMACH 0.2 0.18 ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION 0.16 EMPTY STOMACH 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 TIME
THE ALCOHOL CURVE FULL STOMACH V. EMPTY STOMACH 0.2 0.18 N O 0.16 I T EMPTY STOMACH A R 0.14 T N E C 0.12 N O C 0.1 L O FULL STOMACH H 0.08 O C L 0.06 A 0.04 0.02 0 TIME
THE ALCOHOL CURVE FULL STOMACH V. EMPTY STOMACH 0.2 0.18 N O .15% 0.16 I T EMPTY STOMACH .15% A R 0.14 T N E C 0.12 N O C 0.1 .098% L O FULL STOMACH H 0.08 O C L 0.06 A 0.04 0.02 0 TIME
THE ALCOHOL CURVE FULL STOMACH V. EMPTY STOMACH 0.2 0.18 N O 0.16 I T EMPTY STOMACH A R 0.14 T N E C 0.12 N O C 0.1 L O FULL STOMACH H 0.08 O C L 0.06 A 0.04 0.02 0 TIME
Facts about Burn Off Rate •Due to metabolism, the average person’s BAC drops by about 0.015 per hour. • It takes the average man approx 90 minutes to burn off a 12 ounce beer • Average female will burn off a drink in 120 minutes
Math Test • The average BAC of a person arrested for DUI is 0.17 • What is his/her BAC after 6 hours? • Hint: The average person’s BAC drops by about 0.015 per hour 0.08 = Still over the legal limit
The Effects of Alcohol on the Human Brain Higher Cent er of Mot or Skills Sensory Input Learning Fine Gross Brain St em
The Higher Center of Learning Life’s Experinces Right and Wrong Moral and Mores Socially Accepted Behavior Logical Thought Long Term Memory Judgment Clinical studies have established that The Higher Center of Learning is effected When the Alcohol Concentration reaches .04%
Sensory Input Vision Hearing Smell Touch Taste Sensory functions become effected when Alcohol Levels reach .06%
Motor Skills Fine Finding the driver’s license, proof of insurance and registration Gross Walk and Turn One Leg Stand Motor Skills begin to be effected when alcohol levels reach .08%
Hangover • From the Norwegian word veisaalga, uneasiness following debauchery, and the Greek word for pain algia. • Headaches caused by dehydration and water taken from brain, shrinking it causing pain. • Frequent urination depletes potassium, salts and glycogen affecting muscles, fatigue and lack of coordination. • Before drinking eat food, hydrate and take vitamins.
Section 2 PREVENTION & INTERVENTION TECHNIQUES Maintenance of professional demeanor, use of alternative beverages, designated driver programs, visual and behavioral cues that may help participants recognize potential problems, assuring customer safety, refusal of service.
People Skills • Create a comfortable atmosphere for guests • Exercise a degree of control within the environment of social drinking • Influence and encourage responsible drinking • Confidently intervene in and resolve troublesome situations • Incorporate skills and expertise in a positive, meaningful, and profitable way
Behavioral Cues • Inhibitions • Judgment • Reactions • Coordination • Very slow, forgetful is showing signs of ____
Inhibitions • Becoming talkative, displaying loud behavior or mood swings, or exhibiting a notable change in behavior can all indicate lowered inhibitions.
Judgment • Behaving inappropriately, using foul language, telling off-color jokes, annoying others, becoming overly friendly, or increasing the rate of drinking are signs of impaired judgment.
Reactions • Glassy, unfocused eyes, talking and moving very slowly, forgetting things, lighting more than one cigarette, losing one’s train of thought, and slurred speech result from slowed reaction.
Tests • Alphabet • Counting Backwards
Coordination • Stumbling or swaying, dropping belongings, and having trouble picking up keys, change, or other items can indicate a loss of coordination.
Tests • Finger Counting • Finger to Nose • Walking a straight line • Balancing on one leg
Safe driving demands the ability to divide attention among numerous simultaneous tasks
Tolerance • Able to hide the behavior clues better • No relation to BAC • How does carbonation affect BAC?
Intoxication Rate Factors • Size • Gender • Rate of Consumption • Strength of Drink • Drug Use • Food Intake
Intoxication Rate Factors • Speeds up or slows down alcohol as it gets into the blood stream • Impacts the rate at which a person’s BAC level increases
Baseball Diamond Concept Dealing with difficult people Communication Change Take Behavior Responsibility Convey Message Verbal Judo
All People Want 1. To be treated with dignity and respect 2. To be asked rather than being told to do something 3. To be told why they are being asked to do something 4. To be given options rather than threats 5. A second chance when they make a mistake These are the five universal truths
1 st Base • ASK (voice/tone); do not command
Appropriate Responses • You can control a situation by how you speak to people. If you speak in an even tone, you can maintain control and avoid escalating the guest’s behavior. • “Please try to keep your voice down. Thanks.” • “I’m sorry, but if I have to remind you again about loud talking, I’ll have to call the manager.”
2 nd Base • Set CONTENT • Lay foundation • Professional authority, not personal • Telling WHY shows respect • Clarify 2nd base before going to 3 rd • Your responsibilities, may not sound fair but it is the law, explain you care then transition
Clear Statements • Your guest needs to understand what you are saying, and what you are suggesting to remedy the problem. • “I’m sorry. I cannot sell you any alcohol. Would you like to purchase something else?”
Using “I” Statements • You can avoid making the guest feel defensive by using “I” statements. Not only does this help you maintain control of the situation, but it also shifts the focus off of the guest’s behavior and on to what you can and cannot do. • “I can’t sell you this alcohol because I’m concerned about your safety.”
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