ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se Introduction: ESS - the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se Introduction: ESS - the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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M. Strobl Deputy Head of Instruments Division ESS AB ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se Introduction: ESS - the largest European Science Project 50% Sweden, Denmark and Norway: 50% of construction 15-20% of operations >10%

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  • M. Strobl

Deputy Head of Instruments Division ESS AB

ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se

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Sweden, Denmark and Norway: 50% of construction 15-20% of operations European partners: 50% of construction

50%

>10% 5%

Member countries will submit a formal application to establish a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) for ESS. The ESS ERIC will be in place in early 2015.

Introduction: ESS - the largest European Science Project

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but fixed milestones

2014

Construction work starts on the site

2009

Decision: ESS will be built in Lund

2025

ESS construction complete

2003

First European design effort of ESS completed

2012

ESS Design Update phase complete

2019

First neutrons on instruments

2023

ESS starts user program

Introduction: ESS - the largest European Science Project

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SLIDE 4

ESS in a nutshell

ESS - Baseline parameters: 5 MW 14 Hz 2.86 ms 22 instruments (2025) Time average flux of ILL Cold/thermal moderators beside each other

upgrade options: towards 42 instruments, increased brightness

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How do we achieve contrast? Contrast

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Source figure-of-merit (F): peak brilliance, if the well shaped

pulses are long enough to avoid excessive resolution

F(SNS) F(ESS) F(ILL)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10

12

10

13

10

14

10

15

10

16

10

17

ILL hot source ILL thermal source ILL cold source SNS SP 1.4 MW, 60 Hz thermal moderator coupled cold moderator ESS LP 2 ms, 5 MW, 16.67 Hz bi-spectral thermal - cold Source peak brilliance [n/cm

2/s/str/Å]

Wavelength [Å]

  • F. Mezei, C.R. Physique 8 (2007) 909

www.sciencedirect.com

J-PARC ~ SNS

Neutron sources

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SLIDE 7

0 1 2 3 time (ms) Intensity

Long-Pulse Principle

ISIS TS1 ISIS TS2 SNS J-Park ILL

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SLIDE 8

0 1 2 3 time (ms) Intensity

Long-Pulse Principle

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log(Intensit y) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 time (ms) 1 0.1 10

SNS ILL

Pulsed-source time structures cold neutrons

ISIS- TS1 ISIS- TS2 J-PARC ESS

long pulse

3ms

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SLIDE 10

Contrast Resolution

  • Instrumentation
  • Detectors
  • Radiation used
  • Materials examined
  • Instrumentation
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SLIDE 11

ODIN

Optical and Diffraction Imaging with Neutrons

  • M. Strobl

Instruments Division ESS AB

> TOF facilities

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SLIDE 12

Applications academic examples Archeology/environment/agriculture/materials/earth sci.

HZB sword artifact/PSI root growth/HZB plant water uptake/NIST hydrogen storage/PSI water in

> TOF facilities

ODIN

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SLIDE 13 C HRISTIAN G RÜNZW EI R E V I E W E D B Y E X P E R T S F R O M R E S E A R C H A N D I N D U S T R Y . R E C E IV E D 2011-08-25 R E V IE W E D 2011-10-24 A C C E P T E D 2011-12-12

Applications Industry Examples Transportation/environment/energy/engineering materials

PSI Diesel particulate filter / NIST fuel cells / TUM running engine

> TOF facilities

ODIN

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SLIDE 14

(b)Lamor labeling (d) Bragg edge TOF Applications (science drivers) (a) Grating interferometer

50 100 150 200 250 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 PS/D2O 245nm; 2.2% PS/D2O 136nm; 12.4% relative modulation amplitude A/A spin-echo length z [nm]

(c)Polarized neutrons

JAP 2009 JAP 2009 Nature com. 2010 APL 2012 Nature Phys 2008

> TOF facilities

ODIN

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SLIDE 15

Science drivers Microstructure Strain / in-situ Domains/grains

  • rientation

Bio/Soft structures Magnetism SANS/diff.

This is among what we are aiming at with:

And all this with resolutions up to <10μm

> TOF facilities

ODIN

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SLIDE 16

ODIN

Optical and Diffraction Imaging with Neutrons

Based on the concept from: Future prospects of imaging at spallation neutron sources

  • M. Strobl NIMA 2009

fl fi resolved SANS investigations. fl fi

  • fi

fl fi fi fi fi

> TOF facilities

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(b)Lamor labeling (d) Bragg edge (a) Grating interferometer (c)Polarized neutrons Capabilities

> TOF facilities

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Flexibility/Versatility/Performance

> TOF facilities

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continuous ORNL, NIST, ANSTO, TUM, ILL,…HZB, PSI

pulsed sources SNS, JPARC, ISIS, LANL, FLNS,..

NOBORU J-PARC e.g. VULCAN SNS EnginX & ROTAX ISIS Tests at: FP5 LANL

FLNS Neutron sources

> TOF facilities

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SLIDE 20

IMAT @ ISIS

IMAT: Imaging and Materials

> TOF facilities

Source: W. Kockelmann

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Diffraction (TOF) Energy-selective Imaging Phase analysis Strain & Stress Standard (white-beam) Radiography/ Tomography Neutron Imaging Texture

IMAT Methods

Interprete images Tomography guided diffraction

IMAT @ ISIS

> TOF facilities

Source: W. Kockelmann

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SLIDE 22

IMAT: scientific and technological areas

Aerospace & transportation

e.g. structural integrity/ component inspection / novel welding + joining technologies; properties of novel materials; fatigue of components;

Civil engineering

e.g. integrity of load-bearing structures; reinforced concrete; rising of liquids in concrete; concrete void & density distribution;

Power generation

e.g. structural integrity of pipework / pressure vessels; hydrogen embrittlement in Zr welds; residual stresses of casts/weldings; stress relieving techniques;

Fuel and fluid cell technology

e.g. water/lithium distributions in fuel cells/batteries; blockages, sediments;

Earth sciences

e.g. deformation mechanisms in polymineralic rocks; water flow in porous media;

Archaeology & heritage science

e.g. inorganic materials characterisation; fabrication techniques;

Soft matter, biomaterials, agriculture

e.g. real-time distributions of water/hydrogen; water uptake in plants; TIG welding (Imperial College) Residual Stress analysis (TWI)

IMAT @ ISIS

> TOF facilities

Source: W. Kockelmann

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@12.2m @12.75m

Double-Disk Chopper 1

  • inconel

Prim ary flight path 56 m L: pinhole-detector 10 m D: pinhole sizes 80, 40, 20, 10, 5 mm L/ D 125, 250 , 500, 1000, 2000 Spatial resolution Standard: ~200 m Minimum: 50 m Wavelength resolution < 0.8% (0.7 % at 3 ) Neutron flux (L/ D=250) 4 107 neutrons/ cm2/ s

  • Max. field of view

200 x 200 mm2

IMAT @ ISIS

> TOF facilities

Source: W. Kockelmann

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ERNIS @ JPARC

> TOF facilities

Source: Y. Kiyanagi,

  • T. Shinohara
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/0% 9( 092# ' 3 # ! "# $ %

  • L ' 3

94 % ' < # E9K9< 17; 9( 3 # * # .( E523 4 % ' < # ' 77< % 0' 61( 2# # # # # # D% ) A# 23 4 9( ) 3 A# ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2# # # # # +( 94 ) & # ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2# # # # # /3 4 503 54 ' < # ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2#

  • 85<

3 54 ' < # A94 % 3 ' ) 9# #

  • M

1< ' 4 % N 9E# ( 953 4 1( # % ; ' ) % ( ) #

  • O3

A94 2

ERNIS @ JPARC

> TOF facilities

Source: Y. Kiyanagi,

  • T. Shinohara
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Resonance…

energy resolved / epithermal

> TOF capabilities

Source: Y. Kiyanagi,

  • T. Shinohara
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Examples (proof of principle) Energy / isotope sensitivity / temperature

W in U, A. Tremsin et al. LANL / H. Sato et al. NIMA ( 2009) / Ta foil temperature W. Kockelmann et al. ISIS / H. Sato et al. NIMA

（× ） （× ）

180 90

  • 9

+ 9

  • 9

+ 9 Position x / mm Position y / mm

115In temperature （℃

）

0.0 2.6 1.3

  • 9

+ 9

  • 9

+ 9 Position x / mm Position y / mm

115I n nuclide density （×

1019 cm-3）

（× ） （℃ ）

3) Temperature Distribution Study in Electric Motor

Interes t in electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is growing recently from a global environmental is s ues . Magnet performance affects the propuls ion motor efficiency. Expectation to high performance motor magnet with cos t performance. Detailed information is needed for improvement, es pecially temperature characteris tics during the driving s tate related to the Curie temperature. Neutron Res
  • nance Abs
  • rption Spectros
copy N-RAS) is the expected method. Nd-146 4.36eV trans mis s ion experiment for Nd magnet with temperature variation

4) Nuclide Movement by Electromigration

Electromigration is generally cons idered to be the res ult of momentum trans fer from the electrons , which move in the applied electric field, to the ions which make up the lattice of the interconnect
  • material. The effect is
important in applications where high direct current dens ities are us ed. Integrated circuits (ICs ), Lead-free s
  • lder alloy, Railguns
, … Analys is
  • f mechanis
m, Development of high-res is tant materials . = Need for s eparation of a mixture of ionized s ubs tance. Neutron Res
  • nance Abs
  • rption Imaging is
s uitable. Ag 5.19eV trans mis s ion experiment in diffus ion cell Pb-dendrite formed by electromigration
  • n the s
urface of the flux res idue. pos ition dependent meas urement of NR peak intens ity $ nuclide dens ity dis tribution

7) Elemental distribution in a concrete

  • Aim
Serious damage due to NaCl in concrete " Visualization of distribution of NaCl in concrete and quantitative analysis
  • Approach
Resonance of Na at 2.8 keV
  • Others
Na is used on several materials (battery cell, coolant) Na res
  • nance imaging res
ults s ample Na(n,tot) by JENDL 4.0 ER= 3 keV

epithermal: energy resolved

> TOF capabilities

Source: Y. Kiyanagi,

  • T. Shinohara
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SLIDE 28

VENUS @ SNS

VENUS Layout

25 m position Future 45 m position Control Hutch Sample preparation and storage Beam stop Front end optics (buried in shielding) Moderator

> TOF facilities

Source: K. Tobin

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SLIDE 29

Day-1 capabilities

Conventional “white beam ” neutron radiography and tom

  • graphy

Tim e-Of-Flight

– Neutron radiography and tom

  • graphy

– Bragg edge im aging – Energy selective im aging – Energy resonance im aging – Epitherm al neutron im aging

VENUS @ SNS

> TOF facilities

Source: K. Tobin

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Thank you!

Courtesy E. Lehmann, PSI

ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se

  • M. Strobl

Deputy Head of Instruments Division ESS AB

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BL22 decoupled moderator Inner collimator Rotary collimator Dis k chopper T0 chopper Polarizer

Sample area (movable )

Imaging detector Beam s top Slits Shutter

Filter

Field of view maximum ~ 300mm x 300mm L/D

  • 1. Without collimator

Minimum L/D: 1600/10=160 at 15m 2300/10=230 at 23m.

  • 2. With collimator

Minimum L/D~300, Maximum L/D~3,000 or more

Neutron intens ity ( If viewing 100x100cm2 area of the moderator) L=16m (L/D=160) %(En<0.3eV) = 3.3 x 107 (n/cm2/s ) @1MW %(0.3eV<En<1keV) = 8.7 x 107 (n/cm2/s ) @1MW L=23m (L/D=230) %(En<0.3eV) = 1.6 x 107 (n/cm2/s ) @1MW %(0.3eV<En<1keV) = 4.2 x 107 (n/cm2/s ) @1MW

Wavelength res

  • lution (%)

Sample pos ition 15m Sample pos ition 23 m Neutron wavelength (A)

ERNIS @ JPARC

> TOF facilities

Source: Y. Kiyanagi,

  • T. Shinohara
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SLIDE 32

VENUS Layout

25 m position Future 45 m position Control Hutch Sample preparation and storage Beam stop Front end optics (buried in shielding) Moderator

Specifications

VENUS at 25 m

– Optim ized design so every pixel on the detector sees 9.5 cm x 9.5 cm

  • f the m
  • derator face (10 cm

x 12 cm ) – 20 cm x 20 cm Field Of View (FOV) with full illum ination – 28 cm x 28 cm m axim um FOV (80%

  • f full illum

ination) – Three sets of apertures optim ized for therm al/cold and epitherm al neutrons

L/D=400 aperture at 2.55 m (for therm al/cold) Therm al/cold aperture at 4.5 m (L/D > 400) Epitherm al aperture at 7.48 m

– No guides – T0 and bandwidth choppers – Room for a Bi filter

VENUS @ SNS

> TOF facilities

Source: K. Tobin