M. Strobl Deputy Head of Instruments Division ESS AB ILL WIN Mar. 2014 markus.strobl@esss.se
Introduction: ESS - the largest European Science Project 50% Sweden, Denmark and Norway: 50% of construction 15-20% of operations >10% European partners: 50% of construction 5% Member countries will submit a formal application to establish a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) for ESS. The ESS ERIC will be in place in early 2015.
Introduction: ESS - the largest European Science Project but fixed milestones 2025 ESS construction complete 2014 Construction work starts on the site 2023 ESS starts 2009 user program Decision: ESS will be built in Lund 2019 First neutrons on instruments 2012 ESS Design Update phase complete 2003 First European design effort of ESS completed
ESS in a nutshell ESS - Baseline parameters: 5 MW 14 Hz 2.86 ms 22 instruments (2025) Time average flux of ILL Cold/thermal moderators beside each other upgrade options: towards 42 instruments, increased brightness
Contrast How do we achieve contrast?
Neutron sources Source figure-of-merit (F): peak brilliance, if the well shaped pulses are long enough to avoid excessive resolution SNS SP 1.4 MW, 60 Hz ILL hot source thermal moderator ILL thermal source 17 10 coupled cold moderator ILL cold source ESS LP 2 ms, 5 MW, 16.67 Hz 2 /s/str/Å] bi-spectral thermal - cold 16 10 J-PARC ~ SNS F(ILL) Source peak brilliance [n/cm 15 10 F(ESS) 14 10 13 10 F(SNS) 12 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wavelength [Å] F. Mezei, C.R. Physique 8 (2007) 909 www.sciencedirect.com
Long-Pulse Principle Intensity ISIS TS1 ISIS TS2 SNS J-Park ILL 0 1 2 3 time (ms)
Long-Pulse Principle Intensity 0 1 2 3 time (ms)
Pulsed-source time structures cold neutrons long log(Intensit pulse y) 3ms J-PARC 10 ESS SNS ILL 1 ISIS- ISIS- TS1 0.1 TS2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 time (ms)
Contrast Resolution • Radiation used • Materials examined • Instrumentation • Instrumentation • Detectors
ODIN Optical and Diffraction Imaging with Neutrons M. Strobl Instruments Division ESS AB > TOF facilities
ODIN Applications academic examples Archeology/environment/agriculture/materials/earth sci. HZB sword artifact/PSI root growth/HZB plant water uptake/NIST hydrogen storage/PSI water in > TOF facilities
ODIN C HRISTIAN G RÜNZW EI Applications Industry Examples Transportation/environment/energy/engineering materials R E C E IV E D 2011-08-25 . Y R R E R E V IE W E D 2011-10-24 V T I S E A C C E P T E D 2011-12-12 U W D E N D I D B N Y A E X H P C R E R A T E S S F R M R E O PSI Diesel particulate filter / NIST fuel cells / TUM running engine > TOF facilities
ODIN TOF Applications ( science drivers ) (a) Grating interferometer JAP 2009 Nature com. 2010 0 1.0 PS/D2O 245nm; 2.2% PS/D2O 136nm; 12.4% relative modulation amplitude A/A 0.9 (b)Lamor labeling 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 JAP 2009 0 50 100 150 200 250 APL 2012 spin-echo length z [nm] (c)Polarized neutrons Nature Phys 2008 (d) Bragg edge > TOF facilities
ODIN Science drivers Magnetism Microstructure Domains/grains Bio/Soft SANS/diff. Strain / in-situ orientation structures And all this with resolutions up to <10 μm This is among what we are aiming at with: > TOF facilities
fl ODIN Optical and Diffraction Imaging with Neutrons fi resolved SANS investigations. Based on the concept from: Future prospects of imaging at spallation neutron sources M. Strobl NIMA 2009 > TOF facilities fl fi ofi fl fi fi fi fi
Capabilities (a) Grating interferometer (b)Lamor labeling (c)Polarized neutrons (d) Bragg edge > TOF facilities
Flexibility/Versatility/Performance > TOF facilities
Neutron sources continuous ORNL, NIST, ANSTO, TUM , ILL,… HZB, PSI pulsed sources SNS, JPARC, ISIS, LANL, FLNS,.. Tests at: e.g. VULCAN SNS EnginX & NOBORU J-PARC ROTAX ISIS FLNS FP5 LANL > TOF facilities
Source: W. Kockelmann IMAT @ ISIS IMAT: Imaging and Materials > TOF facilities
Source: W. Kockelmann IMAT @ ISIS IMAT Methods Neutron Imaging Diffraction Tomography Standard Phase analysis guided (white-beam) diffraction Radiography/ Strain & Stress Tomography (TOF) Texture Energy-selective Interprete Imaging images > TOF facilities
Source: W. Kockelmann IMAT @ ISIS IMAT: scientific and technological areas Aerospace & transportation e.g. structural integrity/ component inspection / novel welding + joining technologies; properties of novel materials; fatigue of components; Civil engineering e.g. integrity of load-bearing structures; reinforced concrete; rising of liquids in concrete; concrete void & density distribution; Power generation e.g. structural integrity of pipework / pressure vessels; hydrogen embrittlement in Zr welds; residual stresses of casts/weldings; stress relieving techniques; Fuel and fluid cell technology Residual Stress analysis (TWI) e.g. water/lithium distributions in fuel cells/batteries; blockages, sediments; Earth sciences e.g. deformation mechanisms in polymineralic rocks; water flow in porous media; Archaeology & heritage science e.g. inorganic materials characterisation; fabrication techniques ; Soft matter, biomaterials, agriculture e.g. real-time distributions of water/hydrogen; water uptake in plants ; TIG welding (Imperial College) > TOF facilities
Source: W. Kockelmann IMAT @ ISIS Prim ary flight path 56 m L: pinhole-detector 10 m D: pinhole sizes 80, 40, 20, 10, 5 mm L/ D 125, 250 , 500, - inconel 1000, 2000 @12.75m Spatial resolution Standard: ~200 m Minimum: 50 m Wavelength < 0.8% resolution (0.7 % at 3 ) Neutron flux 4 10 7 neutrons/ cm 2 / s (L/ D=250) Double-Disk Chopper 1 Max. field of view 200 x 200 mm 2 @12.2m > TOF facilities
Source: Y. Kiyanagi, T. Shinohara ERNIS @ JPARC > TOF facilities
Source: Y. Kiyanagi, T. Shinohara ERNIS @ JPARC /0% 9( 092# ' 3 # ! "# $ % • L ' 3 94 % ' < # E9K9< 17; 9( 3 # * # .( E523 4 % ' < # ' 77< % 0' 61( 2# # # # # # D% ) A# 23 4 9( ) 3 A# ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2# # # # # +( 94 ) & # ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2# # # # # /3 4 503 54 ' < # ; ' 3 94 % ' < 2# • 85< 3 54 ' < # A94 % 3 ' ) 9# # • M 1< ' 4 % N 9E# ( 953 4 1( # % ; ' ) % ( ) # • O3 A94 2 > TOF facilities
Source: Y. Kiyanagi, energy resolved / epithermal T. Shinohara Resonance… > TOF capabilities
Source: Y. Kiyanagi, epithermal : energy resolved T. Shinohara Examples (proof of principle) Energy / isotope sensitivity / temperature （× ） （× ） 115 In temperature （℃ ） 10 19 cm -3 ） 115 I n nuclide density （× （× ） （℃ ） + 9 180 + 9 2.6 Position y / mm Position y / mm 0 90 0 1.3 - 9 0 - 9 0.0 - 9 0 + 9 - 9 0 + 9 Position x / mm Position x / mm W in U, A. Tremsin et al. LANL / H. Sato et al. NIMA ( 2009) / Ta foil temperature W. Kockelmann et al. ISIS / H. Sato et al. NIMA 3) Temperature Distribution Study in Electric Motor 4) Nuclide Movement by Electromigration Interes t in electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is growing recently from a global environmental is s ues . Magnet performance affects the propuls ion motor efficiency. Electromigration is generally cons idered to be the res ult of momentum trans fer from the electrons , 7) Elemental distribution in a concrete Expectation to high performance motor magnet with cos t performance. which move in the applied electric field, to the ions which make up the lattice of the interconnect Detailed information is needed for improvement, es pecially temperature material. The effect is important in applications where high direct current dens ities are us ed. , … characteris tics during the driving s tate related to the Curie temperature. Integrated circuits (ICs ), Lead-free s older alloy, Railguns • Aim Neutron Res onance Abs orption Spectros copy N-RAS) is the expected method. Analys is of mechanis m, Development of high-res is tant materials . Serious damage due to NaCl in concrete = Need for s eparation of a mixture of ionized s ubs tance. " Visualization of distribution of NaCl in concrete and quantitative analysis Neutron Res onance Abs orption Imaging is s uitable. Nd-146 4.36eV trans mis s ion experiment for Nd magnet with • Approach temperature variation Resonance of Na at 2.8 keV Ag 5.19eV trans mis s ion experiment in diffus ion cell Pb-dendrite formed pos ition dependent by electromigration s ample meas urement of NR on the s • Others urface of the Na(n,tot) by JENDL 4.0 peak intens ity flux res idue. Na is used on several materials $ (battery cell, coolant) nuclide dens ity > TOF capabilities dis tribution E R = 3 keV Na res onance imaging res ults
VENUS @ SNS VENUS Layout Source: K. Tobin Beam stop Front end optics (buried in shielding) 25 m position Control Hutch Future 45 m position Moderator Sample preparation and storage > TOF facilities
Recommend
More recommend
