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Mengfei Zhou Language Resource Assessment July 20, 2016 Institute for Computational Linguistics, Heidelberg University Hmong Language 2. The Hmong Language 1. Hmong People 3. Natural Language Processing of Hmong 1 Table of contents Hmong

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Hmong Language

Language Resource Assessment

Mengfei Zhou July 20, 2016

Institute for Computational Linguistics, Heidelberg University

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Table of contents

  • 1. Hmong People
  • 2. The Hmong Language
  • 3. Natural Language Processing of Hmong

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Hmong People

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Hmong People[6]

  • an ethnic group from China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand.
  • sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China
  • a gradual southward migration in the 18th century
  • The Vietnam War is calamitous for the Hmong peoples of

Southeast Asia, forcing many to flee permanently from the area, with approximately 300,000 setting in the United States, and lesser number elsewhere (e.g., Australia, France, Thailand)

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Hmong People

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1pictures from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_people,http:

//www.tooopen.com/view/935757.html

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Hmong(Miao) People in China

  • One of the 55 official minority groups of the PRC China.
  • Live mainly in southern China, in the provinces of Guizhou,

Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Hubei

  • about 9.6 million ”Miao” counted in the 2000 Census
  • Miao includes Hmong people as well as other culturally and

linguistically related ethnic groups (Hmu, Kho (Qho) Xiong, and A Hmao)

  • The White Miao (Bai Miao) and Green Miao (Qing Miao) are

Hmong groups

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Hmong(Miao) People in China

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2picture from: http://bbs.3miao.net/thread-285245-1-1.html

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Hmong People in U.S.[3]

  • Hmong Americans are most notably from Thailand, Vietnam and

Laos.

  • Hmong Americans are one group of Asian Americans.
  • Many Lao Hmong war refugees resettled in the US following the

North Vietnamese invasion of Laos and Laotian Civil War during the Vietnam War.

  • 260,076 Hmong Americans counted in the 2010 Census

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Hmong People in U.S.

  • Top 10 Hmong Populations by State
  • 1. California – 91,224
  • 2. Minnesota – 66,181
  • 3. Wisconsin – 49,240
  • 4. North Carolina - 10,864
  • 5. Michigan – 5,924
  • 6. Colorado – 3,859
  • 7. Georgia – 3,623
  • 8. Alaska - 3,534
  • 9. Oklahoma - 3,369
  • 10. Oregon – 2,920

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Hmong People in U.S.[2]

a famous Hmong American Name: Brenda Song Born: March 27, 1988 (age 28) Carmichael, California Residence: Los Angeles, California Occupation: actress, taek- wondo practitioner, model, spokesperson famous movie: Wendy Wu: Homecoming Warrior

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The Hmong Language

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The Hmong Language[5]

  • Native speakers: 6.5 million
  • Language family: Hmong–Mien
  • writing system: developed until the 1950s by missionaries from

the Christian Missionary Alliance Church

  • sound system: very different from English, even though a

Romanized system is used.

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The Hmong Language[8]

  • Tonal language
  • Example: yo-yo(English) vs. yaub-yaum(Hmong)
  • Most words are One Syllable
  • Most Hmong words contain 3 parts, e.g. pab(help)
  • 1. Consonant
  • 2. Vowel (13 Vowels in White Hmong, 14 in Green Hmong)
  • 3. Tone (letter that is a Tone Marker, 7 Tones in White Hmong, 8 in

Green Hmong)

  • Hmong’s sound system and writing system are similar with

Mandarin Pinyin

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The Hmong Language

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The Hmong Language

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The Hmong Language

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Language Status

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The Hmong Language[7]

  • Let’s learn a sentence![7]
  • LUB LUV LUJ LUJ LUG LAMW
  • LUB = THE LUV= CAR LUJ LUJ=BIG LUG=COME LAWM=ALREADY
  • LUB LUV LUJ LUJ = THE CAR BIG (Eng: THE BIG CAR)
  • LUG LAMW = COME ALREADY (No tense)

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Natural Language Processing of Hmong

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Natural Language Processing of Hmong

  • Bing Translation Learns Hmong Language[1]
  • Microsoft has added Hmong to the list of languages supported by

Bing Translator.

  • uses new features of Microsoft Translator to train a new

translation engine using parallel documents.

  • Online dictionary[4]:
  • http://www.hmongdictionary.com/index.php
  • Lewis & Yang 2012, Building MT for a Severely Under-Resourced

Language: White Hmong[9]

  • the development of statistical machine translation for English

to/from White Hmong with very close collaboration with the native speaking language community

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Thank you

Thank you for your attention !

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References I

Bing translation learns hmong language. http://nlp.hivefire.com/articles/share/28517/. Brenda song. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brenda_Song. Hmong 101 presentation. http://www.hmongcc.org/uploads/4/5/8/7/4587788/ hmong101presentation2012versionabridged.pdf. Online dictionary: Hmong-english. http://www.hmongdictionary.com/index.php. Wikipedia: Hmong language. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_language.

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References II

Wikipedia: Hmong people. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hmong_people. You tube: Learn hmong, lesson 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2-flB3AwR4. You tube: Learn to read & write hmong - 3 simple steps. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6GwhpSvZlBU.

  • W. Lewis and P. Yang.

Building mt for a severely under-resourced language: White hmong. Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2012.