Historical and Current Major Uses of PFASs – OECD Webinar 29 January 2014
Terminology and Properties • The term PFC can be unclear; PFAS describes per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances • Polymeric and non-polymeric • Multitude of chemical families • FluoroTechnology = Fluorinated Polymers and Surfactants and Fluoropolymers • The stable carbon-fluorine bond gives PFAS unique properties – Key Properties: resistance to heat and chemical agents, low surface energy, dielectric properties, and low friction properties – Valuable ingredients for products with high versatility, strength, resilience and durability 2
FluoroTechnology’s Economic Footprint • FluoroTechnology is essential to thousands of products and applications throughout the global economy. • Globally, the market value of processed FluoroTechnology* reached $19.7 billion in 2013. • In 2013, more than $1.2 trillion of global manufacturing output relied upon FluoroTechnology in either the end product itself, or in its processing. *FluoroTechnology includes fluoropolymers, fluoroelastomers, and fluorotelomer-based materials and products made with these materials. It does not include refrigerant gases. - Preliminary Estimates by FluoroCouncil 3
Examples of Fluoropolymer Applications Data Non-stick Coatings for Wire & Cabling Semiconductor Cookware and Small Manufacturing Electrical Appliances Low Permeable Chemical and Pharma Aerospace Materials - Automotive Fuel Hose Processing Valves, Hydraulic Tubing Electronics Lined Piping, Tanks Wire & Cabling - http://fluorocouncil.com/PDFs/Industrial-Reliance-on-FluoroTechnology.pdf 4 - OECD (2013) Synthesis Paper on Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs) (https://www.oecd.org/env/ehs/risk-management/PFC_FINAL-Web.pdf)
Examples of Fluorinated Polymer and Non-Polymer (Surfactants) Applications Architectural Protective Health Coatings Care Garments Protective Finishes on Industrial Firefighting Apparel and Textiles Paint - http://fluorocouncil.com/PDFs/Industrial-Reliance-on-FluoroTechnology.pdf 5 - OECD (2013) Synthesis Paper on Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs) (https://www.oecd.org/env/ehs/risk-management/PFC_FINAL-Web.pdf)
PFAS Benefits and Supported Industries • Safety: Workers, Consumers, • Durability Environment – Building and Construction – Chemical and Pharmaceutical – Industrial and Institutional Floor Care Manufacturing – Cookware – Food Processing – Paints and Coatings – Personal Protection and Worker Safety – Outdoor Apparel/Equipment – Safety Equipment – Leather (Footwear and Furniture) – Healthcare/Hospitals – Carpet and other Home Textiles – Metal Plating – Aerospace • Emissions Reduction/(Alternative) – Wire & Cable in Buildings Energy – Paper and Packaging – Automotive – Oilfield and Mining • Electronic Equipment – Alternative Energy – Semiconductors and Electronics 6
PFAS Applications Safety: Workers, Consumers, Environment 7
Chemical Manufacturing Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers; fluorinated polymers Key Uses: • Corrosion resistant equipment linings and coatings • Treated garments protect workers from chemical exposure Key Properties: • Resistance to high heat and harsh chemicals Key Benefits: • Safe chemical processes (for workers, community and environment) in long lasting, capital intensive equipment 8
Pharmaceutical Industry Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers Key Uses: • Sterile, corrosion resistant equipment linings and coatings Key Properties: • Sterility, resistance to high heat and harsh chemicals Key Benefits: • High purity medications 9
Food Processing Industry Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers Key Uses: • Sterile equipment linings and coatings Key Properties: • Non-stick surfaces for commercial baking, easy clean and disinfect, oil and grease resistance Key Benefits: • Reduced use of cooking release chemicals, reduced potential for food-borne illness, reduced production costs leading to more affordable food 10
Paper and Packaging Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluorinated Polymers Key Uses: • Packaging for high oil content and high grease content foods • QSR: Food wraps, pizza boxes, hamburger clam shells, plates Key Properties: • (Hot) oil and grease resistance, improved water holdout Key Benefits: • Consumer protection (hot oil in microwave popcorn, hot food), increased shelf life, less plastic packaging material
Safety Equipment Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluorinated surfactants (non-polymers) Key Uses: • Firefighting foams to extinguish flammable liquid fires (Class B fires) Key Properties: • Low surface tension and positive spreading coefficient, burnback resistance Key Benefits: • Saving lives and equipment in military, industrial, and municipal settings, such as civilian and military aviation, refineries, chemical manufacturing, ships and oil platforms 12
Aerospace Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers Key Uses: • Tubing, cable and wire, PFPE lubricants in oxygen systems Key Properties: • Wide and high temperature operating range, light-weight, low- fire, low-smoke, chemically inert, eliminate explosion risk Key Benefits: • Safe aircraft operation, reduced emissions (fuel efficiency) 13
Healthcare/Hospitals Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, Fluorinated Polymers Key Uses: • Catheter coatings, needle coatings, medical garments Key Properties: • Low friction, clot resistant coating; breathable, water, oil, stain and soil protection Key Benefits: • Patient comfort and safety in catheter applications, safety in deep needle operations including certain drug injections and biopsies, disease transmission prevention 14
PFAS Applications Durability 15
Outdoor Apparel/Equipment Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, fluorinated polymers Key Uses: • Firefighter turnout gear, oil/gas and chemical industry clothing, military/police bulletproof vests/clothing, outdoor clothing and equipment Key Properties: • Breathable, water, oil, stain and soil protection Key Benefits: • Durable (life saving) protection, reduced environmental footprint (longer garment life, easy care, cold wash, faster drying times) 16
Building and Construction Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, Fluorinated Polymers, Surfactants Key Uses: • Architectural film, façade and infrastructure protection Key Properties: • High durability, UV resistance, anti-corrosion, stain and soil protection, improved wetting and pore penetration Key Benefits: • Aesthetic architecture, longer lifetime for infrastructure, building façade and surfaces lifetime, reduction of VOC in paint formulations 17
Household Products Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, Fluorinated Polymers, Surfactants Key Uses: • Pots, pans, bakeware, small electrical appliances (consumer and commercial use), textiles, upholstery, carpet Key Properties: • Durable non-stick; water, oil, stain and soil protection Key Benefits: • Ease of use and cleaning, durability of goods and healthy cooking (less fat) 18
PFAS Applications Electronic Equipment 19
Semiconductor/Electronics Manufacturing Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, fluorinated polymers Key Uses: • Plasma machinery, etching materials, cleaning fluids, wetting surfactants for chemical etchants Key Properties: • High corrosion resistant, high purity, plasma and chemical resistant gaskets and O-rings Key Benefits: • Vital to semiconductor production, modern disk drives, worker safety, equipment integrity 20
Electronic Products Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers, fluorinated polymers Key Uses: • Hard disk drives, wireless devices Key Properties: • Insulation, weatherability, transparency, water resistance Key Benefits: • Modern disk drives, long life, low power loss, miniaturization 21
PFAS Applications Emissions Reduction/(Alternative) Energy 22
Automotive Major Type of FluoroTechnology: • Fluoropolymers Key Uses: • Fuel lines, oil pan and head gaskets Key Properties: • Low weight, high vapour barrier, heat and chemical resistance Key Benefits: • Reduction in emissions, increased fuel economy 23
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